Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + thymidine 5'-phosphate = ADP + thymidine 5'-diphosphate. [EC:2.7.4.9]
Thymidylate kinase (TMPK) is an essential enzyme in DNA synthesis, catalyzing the phosphorylation of deoxythymidylate (dTMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP) using ATP as the phosphate donor. This reaction is crucial for the synthesis of deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP), one of the four essential building blocks of DNA. TMPK plays a critical role in maintaining a balanced nucleotide pool for DNA replication. It acts as a rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo synthesis of dTTP, controlling the rate of dTTP production based on cellular demand. The enzyme exhibits high substrate specificity for dTMP and is inhibited by dTTP, ensuring efficient and regulated dTTP synthesis. The catalytic mechanism of TMPK involves a two-step process. First, ATP binds to the enzyme, followed by dTMP binding. Then, ATP transfers its gamma-phosphate group to dTMP, forming dTMP and ADP. This reaction involves a conformational change in the enzyme to bring the substrates into close proximity, facilitating the phosphorylation process. The enzyme's activity is essential for normal cell growth and development. Mutations or defects in TMPK can lead to severe genetic disorders, including immunodeficiency and increased susceptibility to infections. Therefore, TMPK's activity is crucial for maintaining genomic stability and proper cellular function.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Thymidylate kinase | A thymidylate kinase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P23919] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| thymidine | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite | |
| bromodeoxyuridine | Bromodeoxyuridine: A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors. | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent |
| dithionitrobenzoic acid | dithionitrobenzoic acid : An organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of 2-nitro-5-thiobenzoic acid. An indicator used to quantify the number or concentration of thiol groups. Dithionitrobenzoic Acid: A standard reagent for the determination of reactive sulfhydryl groups by absorbance measurements. It is used primarily for the determination of sulfhydryl and disulfide groups in proteins. The color produced is due to the formation of a thio anion, 3-carboxyl-4-nitrothiophenolate. | nitrobenzoic acid; organic disulfide | indicator |
| thymidine monophosphate | dTMP : The neutral species of thymidine 5'-monophosphate (2'-deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate). Thymidine Monophosphate: 5-Thymidylic acid. A thymine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the deoxyribose moiety. | thymidine 5'-monophosphate | fundamental metabolite |
| 2'-deoxyuridylic acid | 2'-deoxyuridylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd | deoxyuridine phosphate; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine 5'phosphate | 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine 5'phosphate: inhibits thymidylate kinase | ||
| bromodeoxyuridylate | bromodeoxyuridylate: RN given refers to parent cpd |