protein C-terminal carboxyl O-methyltransferase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the oxygen atom of a carboxyl group at the C-terminal of a protein. [PMID:8428937]

C-terminal carboxyl O-methyltransferase activity refers to the enzymatic process of adding a methyl group to the carboxyl terminal amino acid residue of a protein. This modification, known as carboxyl methylation, plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including protein stability, protein-protein interactions, and signal transduction.

The enzyme responsible for this activity, a carboxyl methyltransferase, typically utilizes S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) as the methyl donor. The reaction involves the transfer of a methyl group from SAM to the carboxyl group of the terminal amino acid residue, forming a methyl ester.

Carboxyl methylation can occur on various amino acid residues, including glycine, asparagine, and glutamate, and is often found in proteins involved in diverse cellular functions. For instance, methylation of the C-terminus of histone proteins is critical for chromatin structure and gene regulation.

Furthermore, carboxyl methylation has been implicated in the regulation of protein trafficking, cell signaling, and cytoskeletal dynamics. The specific function of carboxyl methylation varies depending on the protein and the cellular context.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (2)