AMP deaminase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the reaction: AMP + H2O = IMP + NH3. [EC:3.5.4.6]

AMP deaminase activity is a crucial enzymatic function that catalyzes the deamination of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to inosine monophosphate (IMP). This reaction involves the removal of an amino group from the adenine base of AMP, converting it to hypoxanthine, the base of IMP. This enzymatic activity is essential for purine nucleotide metabolism and plays a critical role in various cellular processes, including:

- **Purine nucleotide biosynthesis:** AMP deaminase participates in the salvage pathway of purine biosynthesis, allowing for the reuse of pre-existing purine bases.

- **Regulation of cellular energy levels:** By converting AMP to IMP, AMP deaminase contributes to the regulation of cellular energy levels. IMP is a precursor for both AMP and GMP, two key molecules involved in energy production and utilization.

- **Immune system function:** AMP deaminase activity is also involved in the immune response. It can modulate the activity of immune cells, including T cells and macrophages, by influencing the levels of purine nucleotides.

- **Cellular signaling:** AMP deaminase activity can impact cellular signaling pathways, including the AMPK pathway, which plays a role in regulating energy metabolism and cellular growth.

The enzyme responsible for this activity is called AMP deaminase. It is a highly specific enzyme that typically displays a strong preference for AMP as its substrate. However, it can also exhibit some activity towards other purine nucleotides, such as ADP and ATP.

Understanding the molecular function of AMP deaminase is crucial for comprehending purine metabolism and its role in various physiological processes. The activity of this enzyme is influenced by factors such as substrate availability, allosteric regulation, and the presence of inhibitors. Dysregulation of AMP deaminase activity can contribute to various metabolic disorders, highlighting its importance in maintaining cellular homeostasis.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (1)