uracil binding

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to uracil. [GOC:hjd]

Uracil binding is a molecular function that involves the specific recognition and interaction of a protein with the pyrimidine base uracil. This interaction is crucial for various cellular processes, including DNA replication, DNA repair, and RNA metabolism. Uracil binding proteins typically have a defined binding site that accommodates the specific shape and chemical properties of uracil. This site can involve amino acid residues that form hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions, or hydrophobic contacts with the uracil molecule. The affinity of a protein for uracil is determined by the strength of these interactions and can vary significantly depending on the specific protein and its biological function.

In DNA replication, uracil binding proteins are involved in the recognition and removal of uracil from DNA, which can arise due to deamination of cytosine. For instance, uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) binds to uracil in DNA and removes it from the nucleotide chain, preventing errors in DNA replication.

In DNA repair, uracil binding proteins play a role in the repair of damaged DNA. For example, base excision repair (BER) involves the removal of uracil from DNA by UDG. This is followed by the removal of the damaged nucleotide and its replacement with a correct one.

In RNA metabolism, uracil binding proteins are involved in various processes, including transcription, translation, and RNA splicing. For instance, some RNA polymerases bind to uracil in DNA during transcription, while others bind to uracil in RNA during translation.

In summary, uracil binding is a fundamental molecular function that is essential for maintaining the integrity of genetic information and regulating gene expression.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (4)