RNA polymerase I core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to a regulatory region composed of the transcription start site and binding sites for transcription factors of the RNA polymerase I transcription machinery. This site is often referred to as the CORE element. In mammalian cells, the CORE element functions in conjunction with the Upstream Control Element (UCE), while in fungi, protozoa, and plants, the CORE element functions without a UCE. [GOC:txnOH, PMID:12865296, PMID:14969726, PMID:8057832]

RNA polymerase I (Pol I) core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding is a fundamental process in the synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), the essential component of ribosomes, the protein synthesis machinery. The Pol I core promoter, located upstream of the rRNA genes, is recognized by a complex of transcription factors, including the transcription initiation factor 1 (TIF1A), the upstream binding factor (UBF), and the selectivity factor 1 (SL1). TIF1A binds to the core promoter element, initiating the assembly of the preinitiation complex (PIC). UBF, a DNA-binding protein, recognizes and binds to multiple upstream promoter elements, bending the DNA and facilitating the recruitment of SL1. SL1, composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and three TBP-associated factors (TAFs), binds to the core promoter and recruits Pol I. The interaction of these factors with the core promoter, including the sequence-specific DNA binding, facilitates the precise positioning of Pol I at the transcription start site, enabling the initiation of rRNA transcription. This process is tightly regulated, ensuring the proper level of rRNA synthesis to meet cellular demands for protein production.'
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Proteins (2)

Compounds (2)