shelterin complex

Definition

Target type: cellularcomponent

A nuclear telomere cap complex that is formed by the association of telomeric ssDNA- and dsDNA-binding proteins with telomeric DNA, and is involved in telomere protection and recruitment of telomerase. The complex is known to contain TERF1, TERF2, POT1, RAP1, TINF2 and ACD in mammalian cells, and Pot1, Tpz1, Rap1, Rif1, Rif2 and Taz1 in Saccharomyces. Taz1 and Rap1 (or their mammalian equivalents) form a dsDNA-binding subcomplex, Pot1 and Tpz1 form an ssDNA-binding subcomplex, and the two subcomplexes are bridged by Poz1, which acts as an effector molecule along with Ccq1. [GOC:expert_mf, GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:18828880]

The shelterin complex is a six-protein complex that protects the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, known as telomeres, from degradation and inappropriate recombination. It acts as a cap that prevents the activation of DNA damage repair pathways, which would otherwise recognize the telomere ends as double-strand breaks. The cellular component of the shelterin complex consists of the following proteins:

* **TRF1 (Telomere Repeat Binding Factor 1):** Binds directly to double-stranded telomeric DNA repeats. It plays a crucial role in telomere length regulation and protection.
* **TRF2 (Telomere Repeat Binding Factor 2):** Binds to double-stranded telomeric DNA repeats and interacts with TRF1. It is involved in telomere end protection and preventing the activation of the DNA damage response.
* **RAP1 (Repressor/Activator Protein 1):** Binds to double-stranded telomeric DNA repeats and interacts with TRF2. It contributes to telomere length regulation and helps maintain telomere integrity.
* **TIN2 (TRF1-Interacting Nuclear Protein 2):** Acts as a bridge between TRF1 and the other shelterin components, including TPP1.
* **TPP1 (TINT1/POT1-interacting Protein 1):** Interacts with TIN2 and POT1. It is involved in telomere length regulation and the recruitment of telomerase to telomeres.
* **POT1 (Protection of Telomeres 1):** Binds to the single-stranded 3' overhang of telomeric DNA. It prevents the activation of DNA damage repair pathways and protects the telomere from degradation.

These proteins work together to form a complex that protects telomeres from degradation and ensures their proper replication.'
"

Proteins (1)

Compounds (1)