Target type: cellularcomponent
A complex of proteins which includes the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and a number of IGF-binding proteins. The complex plays a role in growth and development. [GOC:jl]
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein complex is a multi-component structure that plays a crucial role in regulating the bioavailability and activity of IGFs. The cellular component of this complex encompasses a diverse array of proteins, including:
* **IGF Binding Proteins (IGFBPs):** These proteins directly bind to IGFs, acting as their primary chaperones. Six major IGFBPs (IGFBP-1 to IGFBP-6) have been identified, each exhibiting distinct binding affinities and tissue distributions. IGFBPs regulate IGF availability by controlling their release from the complex, transport in the circulation, and interactions with cell surface receptors.
* **IGF Receptor (IGFR):** This transmembrane receptor is responsible for mediating the cellular signaling pathways initiated by IGFs. The IGFR exists in two isoforms: IGFR-1 and IGFR-2. Both isoforms bind to IGFs, but with varying affinities. Upon IGF binding, the IGFR undergoes dimerization and autophosphorylation, triggering downstream signaling cascades.
* **Insulin Receptor (IR):** While primarily involved in glucose metabolism, the IR can also bind to IGFs, particularly IGF-II. This interaction contributes to IGF signaling and adds complexity to the interplay between IGFs and insulin.
* **Acid-labile Subunit (ALS):** This protein, also known as IGFBP-related protein (IGFBP-rP), is an important component of the IGFBP complex. ALS enhances the binding affinity of IGFBPs for IGFs, thereby regulating their bioavailability.
* **Proteoglycans:** These large, complex molecules are abundant in the extracellular matrix. Proteoglycans can interact with IGFBPs, influencing their stability and availability to bind IGFs.
* **Other Proteins:** The cellular component of the IGFBP complex may include other proteins involved in IGF metabolism, transport, or signaling. These proteins can modulate the activity of the complex and contribute to the overall regulation of IGF signaling.
The cellular component of the IGFBP complex forms a dynamic network that influences IGF availability, transport, and signaling. Through the interplay of these diverse components, the complex regulates cell growth, differentiation, and survival, ultimately contributing to a wide range of physiological processes.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 | An insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P24593] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 | An insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P17936] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| dimethyl sulfoxide | dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents. Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation. | sulfoxide; volatile organic compound | alkylating agent; antidote; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; MRI contrast agent; non-narcotic analgesic; polar aprotic solvent; radical scavenger |
| npc 15199 | leucine derivative | ||
| nbi 31772 | NBI 31772: an insulin-like growth factor-binding protein ligand; structure in first source NBI-31772 : An isoquinoline substituted by 3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl, carboxy, hydroxy, and hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, 6, and 7, respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of insulin-like growth factor-1 binding protein (IGFBP). | aromatic ketone; benzenediols; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; isoquinolines; tetrol | insulin-like growth factor-binding protein inhibitor |