CCAAT-binding factor complex

Definition

Target type: cellularcomponent

A heteromeric transcription factor complex that binds to the CCAAT-box upstream of promoters; functions as both an activator and a repressor, depending on its interacting cofactors. Typically trimeric consisting of NFYA, NFYB and NFYC subunits. In Saccharomyces, it activates the transcription of genes in response to growth in a nonfermentable carbon source and consists of four known subunits: HAP2, HAP3, HAP4 and HAP5. [GOC:bhm, PMID:7828851]

The CCAAT-binding factor (CBF) complex is a heterotrimeric transcription factor that binds to CCAAT boxes in the promoters of various genes. It is composed of three subunits:

**1. Alpha (α) subunit:** This is the DNA-binding subunit, also known as CBF-A or NF-YA. It is responsible for recognizing and binding to the CCAAT box. It contains a helix-turn-helix motif that interacts with the DNA.

**2. Beta (β) subunit:** This is the regulatory subunit, also known as CBF-B or NF-YB. It binds to the α subunit and is required for the stability and activity of the complex. It has a unique "winged helix" DNA-binding motif.

**3. Gamma (γ) subunit:** This is the third subunit, also known as CBF-C or NF-YC. It also interacts with the α subunit and is required for the stability and activity of the complex. It contains a helix-turn-helix motif that interacts with the DNA.

The assembly of the CBF complex is regulated by various factors, including the availability of the subunits and the phosphorylation status of the α subunit.

The complex plays a crucial role in regulating the expression of genes involved in a wide range of cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and immune response.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (1)