pilus tip

Definition

Target type: cellularcomponent

The pointed extremity furthest from the cell of a pilus. [GOC:jl]

The pilus tip is the outermost region of a pilus, a hair-like appendage found on the surface of bacteria. It plays a crucial role in bacterial adhesion, virulence, and conjugation. The cellular component of the pilus tip is highly specialized and varies depending on the specific type of pilus. However, common features include:

- **Adhesin proteins:** These proteins are located at the tip and mediate attachment to host cells or other surfaces. They can bind to specific receptors on target cells, facilitating colonization and infection.
- **Tip-associated proteins (TAPs):** These proteins are often involved in the assembly and stability of the pilus tip. They can also contribute to the interaction with host cells or other bacteria.
- **Extracellular matrix (ECM) components:** In some cases, the pilus tip may be coated with ECM components, such as polysaccharides or proteins, which enhance adhesion and protect the bacteria from the host immune system.

The specific composition and structure of the pilus tip can influence its function and determine the type of interaction with the host cell. For example, pili with a rigid, elongated tip are often involved in adhesion, while those with a flexible, branched tip may be involved in conjugation or biofilm formation.

Understanding the cellular component of the pilus tip is crucial for developing new strategies to combat bacterial infections and for understanding the complex interactions between bacteria and their hosts.'
"

Proteins (1)

Compounds (2)