DNA replication factor A complex

Definition

Target type: cellularcomponent

A conserved heterotrimeric complex that binds nonspecifically to single-stranded DNA and is required for multiple processes in eukaryotic DNA metabolism, including DNA replication, DNA repair, and recombination. In all eukaryotic organisms examined the complex is composed of subunits of approximately 70, 30, and 14 kDa. [PMID:9242902]

The DNA replication factor A (RPA) complex is a heterotrimeric protein complex that plays a crucial role in DNA replication, repair, and recombination. It is essential for the initiation and elongation of DNA synthesis, as well as for maintaining genomic stability. The RPA complex is composed of three subunits: RPA70, RPA32, and RPA14. Each subunit has distinct functions and contributes to the overall activity of the complex.

**RPA70** is the largest subunit and acts as the primary DNA-binding subunit. It has two DNA-binding domains, one at the N-terminus and another at the C-terminus. The N-terminal domain binds to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) with high affinity and specificity, while the C-terminal domain interacts with other proteins involved in DNA metabolism.

**RPA32** is the second largest subunit and plays a regulatory role in the complex. It interacts with RPA70 and RPA14, and its binding to RPA70 modulates the DNA-binding activity of the complex. RPA32 also participates in the interaction of RPA with other proteins, such as DNA polymerase alpha.

**RPA14** is the smallest subunit and functions as a scaffold protein. It interacts with both RPA70 and RPA32, stabilizing the complex and facilitating its interaction with other proteins.

The three subunits of the RPA complex assemble into a ring-shaped structure that encircles ssDNA. This structure prevents the formation of secondary structures in ssDNA and allows for efficient replication and repair processes. The RPA complex also interacts with a variety of other proteins involved in DNA metabolism, including DNA polymerases, helicases, and nucleases.

In summary, the RPA complex is a critical component of DNA replication, repair, and recombination. Its functions are mediated by the three subunits, each of which contributes to the overall activity of the complex. The RPA complex interacts with a variety of other proteins involved in DNA metabolism, ensuring the proper functioning of these important processes.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (2)