Target type: biologicalprocess
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of corticosterone secretion. [GOC:sl]
The regulation of corticosterone secretion is a complex process involving the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This axis is a neuroendocrine system that responds to stress and regulates various physiological functions, including energy metabolism, immune response, and cardiovascular function. The HPA axis is composed of three main components: the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the adrenal glands.
The hypothalamus releases corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in response to stress signals, including physical, psychological, and environmental stressors. CRH travels through the portal system to the anterior pituitary gland, where it stimulates the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). ACTH then circulates in the bloodstream and reaches the adrenal glands, specifically the adrenal cortex.
Within the adrenal cortex, ACTH binds to receptors on the cells of the zona fasciculata, stimulating the synthesis and release of corticosterone, the primary glucocorticoid in rodents and other non-primate mammals.
Corticosterone exerts its effects on various target tissues, including the brain, liver, immune cells, and muscles, through its binding to glucocorticoid receptors (GRs). These receptors are located in the cytoplasm and translocate to the nucleus upon corticosterone binding, where they modulate gene expression.
The regulation of corticosterone secretion is tightly controlled through a negative feedback loop. Once corticosterone levels rise, they act on the hypothalamus and pituitary gland to suppress the release of CRH and ACTH, respectively. This negative feedback mechanism ensures that corticosterone levels are maintained within a physiological range.
The HPA axis is a highly dynamic system that adapts to various stressors and physiological demands. Dysregulation of the HPA axis can lead to various pathologies, including anxiety, depression, and metabolic disorders. Understanding the complex interplay of the HPA axis components is crucial for developing therapies for these disorders.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 | A corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P34998] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| hypericin | |||
| nbi 27914 | dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound | ||
| antalarmin | antalarmin : A pyrrolopyrimidine that is 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2, 5, and 6, by a mesityl group at position 7, and in which the amino substituent at position 4 has been substituted by ethyl and butyl groups. It is an antagonist of corticotropin-releasing factor 1 (CRF-1) receptors (Ki = 1 nM). | pyrrolopyrimidine; tertiary amino compound | corticotropin-releasing factor receptor antagonist |
| ssr 125543a | SSR125543: a CRF1 receptor antagonist with antidepressant-like effects | amine | |
| cp 154526 | |||
| ucb 35625 | UCB 35625: J-113863 is the (trans)-isomer; structure in first source | ||
| r 121919 | |||
| pexacerfont | pyrazolopyridine | ||
| 4-(3-pentylamino)-2,7-dimethyl-8-(2-methyl-4-methoxyphenyl)pyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine | 4-(3-pentylamino)-2,7-dimethyl-8-(2-methyl-4-methoxyphenyl)pyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine: an hCRF(1) antagonist; structure in first source | ||
| nbi-34041 | NBI-34041: high-affinity CRF1 (corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1) receptor antagonist for attenuating elevated stress response | ||
| dmp 696 | DMP 696: a CRF(1) receptor antagonist; structure in first source | ||
| cp 154526 | CP 154526: structure in first source | ||
| gsk 561679 | NBI 77860: a CRF1 receptor antagonist; structure in first source | ||
| bms 665053 | BMS 665053: structure in first source | ||
| nitd 609 | NITD 609: an antimalarial and coccidiostat; structure in first source |