positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin. [GOC:obol]

Positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin is a fundamental biological process that controls the formation and maintenance of tissues and organs. It involves a complex interplay of molecular events, including the expression, localization, and interaction of cadherin proteins, as well as the activity of various regulatory factors. Cadherins are a family of transmembrane proteins that play a crucial role in cell-cell adhesion by mediating calcium-dependent interactions between adjacent cells. The process of positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin can be summarized as follows:

1. **Expression and localization of cadherins:** The expression of specific cadherin isoforms is tightly regulated during development and in response to various stimuli. Cadherins are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where they undergo glycosylation and folding. After passing through the Golgi apparatus, they are transported to the plasma membrane, where they cluster at cell-cell junctions called adherens junctions.

2. **Cadherin-mediated adhesion:** At adherens junctions, cadherin molecules from adjacent cells bind to each other in a calcium-dependent manner. This binding is mediated by the extracellular domain of cadherins, which consists of repeating units called cadherin repeats. The interaction between cadherins from adjacent cells creates a strong adhesive bond that holds cells together.

3. **Regulation of cadherin function:** The function of cadherins can be positively regulated by a variety of factors, including:

* **Cytoskeletal proteins:** Actin filaments and microtubules associate with the intracellular domain of cadherins, providing structural support and regulating the stability of adherens junctions.
* **Signaling pathways:** Various signaling pathways, such as the Wnt pathway and the Rho GTPase pathway, regulate cadherin expression, localization, and function.
* **Post-translational modifications:** Cadherins can be modified by phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and other post-translational modifications, which can alter their activity and stability.

4. **Role in cell behavior:** The regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin has a profound impact on cell behavior, including:

* **Tissue morphogenesis:** Cell-cell adhesion is essential for the formation and organization of tissues during development.
* **Cell migration and differentiation:** Cadherin-mediated adhesion plays a role in guiding cell migration and controlling cell differentiation.
* **Cell signaling:** Adherens junctions act as platforms for signaling molecules, influencing a variety of cellular processes.

5. **Implications in disease:** Dysregulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin can contribute to a variety of diseases, including cancer, heart disease, and neurodevelopmental disorders.

In summary, positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin is a complex and essential process that involves the interplay of multiple molecular components and signaling pathways. It plays a critical role in maintaining tissue integrity, regulating cell behavior, and ensuring proper organismal development.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (3)