cellular response to nitroglycerin

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitroglycerin stimulus. [GO_REF:0000071, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25626975]

Cellular response to nitroglycerin is a complex process involving multiple signaling pathways and physiological adaptations. Nitroglycerin, a potent vasodilator, is metabolized to nitric oxide (NO) within the smooth muscle cells of blood vessels. NO activates soluble guanylyl cyclase, leading to an increase in cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels. Elevated cGMP activates protein kinase G (PKG), which phosphorylates various downstream targets involved in smooth muscle relaxation. This phosphorylation leads to the dephosphorylation of myosin light chain, resulting in the relaxation of vascular smooth muscle and subsequent vasodilation. Vasodilation reduces preload and afterload on the heart, leading to decreased myocardial oxygen demand. Additionally, nitroglycerin can also activate potassium channels, further contributing to vasodilation and a decrease in blood pressure. The overall effect of nitroglycerin is a reduction in cardiac workload, which can be beneficial in conditions such as angina pectoris. Furthermore, nitroglycerin can also activate other signaling pathways, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and PI3K/Akt pathways. These pathways are involved in various cellular processes, such as cell survival, proliferation, and angiogenesis. In addition to its direct effects on vascular smooth muscle, nitroglycerin can also modulate the activity of various inflammatory mediators. This effect can contribute to the anti-inflammatory properties of nitroglycerin. The cellular response to nitroglycerin is a multifaceted process involving a complex interplay of signaling pathways and physiological adaptations. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for optimizing the therapeutic use of nitroglycerin and developing novel strategies for treating cardiovascular diseases.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (11)