regulation of vesicle size
Definition
Target type: biologicalprocess
Any process that modulates the size of a vesicle. [GOC:pm, PMID:20007772]
The regulation of vesicle size is a complex and multifaceted process that is essential for proper cellular function. Vesicles are small, membrane-bound sacs that transport molecules within and between cells. The size of a vesicle determines its cargo capacity and its ability to interact with other cellular components. Therefore, precise control of vesicle size is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis.
Multiple factors influence vesicle size regulation, including the following:
1. **Protein Composition:** Vesicles are composed of a variety of proteins that contribute to their size and shape. Some proteins, such as clathrin and COP proteins, act as scaffolds to define the curvature of the vesicle membrane. Others, such as SNARE proteins, facilitate vesicle fusion and cargo sorting. The specific composition of these proteins can influence vesicle size.
2. **Lipid Composition:** The lipid composition of the vesicle membrane also plays a role in regulating vesicle size. Certain lipids, such as phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), can promote membrane curvature, leading to the formation of smaller vesicles. Other lipids, such as cholesterol, can increase membrane rigidity, leading to larger vesicles.
3. **Mechanical Forces:** The cytoskeleton, a network of protein filaments within cells, can exert mechanical forces that influence vesicle size. For example, the actin cytoskeleton can pinch off vesicles from the plasma membrane, leading to the formation of smaller vesicles. Microtubules can transport vesicles throughout the cell, and their interaction with the vesicle membrane can influence vesicle size.
4. **Cargo Size and Composition:** The size and composition of the cargo that is being transported by a vesicle can also influence vesicle size. Larger cargo molecules require larger vesicles for transport. The chemical properties of the cargo can also influence the composition of the vesicle membrane, which in turn can affect vesicle size.
5. **Environmental Factors:** Factors such as temperature, pH, and the concentration of various ions in the cell can also affect vesicle size. These factors can alter the activity of proteins involved in vesicle formation and membrane dynamics.
The regulation of vesicle size is a dynamic process that involves a complex interplay of these factors. Cells carefully control vesicle size to ensure that their cargo is delivered to the correct destinations and that they can maintain proper cellular function. Dysregulation of vesicle size can lead to various cellular defects and diseases.'
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Proteins (1)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Dynamin-1 | A dynamin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q05193] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (14)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| cetrimonium bromide | cetyltrimethylammonium bromide : The organic bromide salt that is the bromide salt of cetyltrimethylammonium; one of the components of the topical antiseptic cetrimide. | organic bromide salt; quaternary ammonium salt | detergent; surfactant |
| n,n-dimethyl-1-dodecanamine | N,N-dimethyl-1-dodecanamine: increases body weight & feed efficiency in animals; RN given refers to parent cpd | ||
| decylamine | decylamine: structure | alkylamine | |
| myristic acid | Myristic Acid: A saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. It is used to synthesize flavor and as an ingredient in soaps and cosmetics. (From Dorland, 28th ed) tetradecanoate : A long-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of myristic acid; major species at pH 7.3. tetradecanoic acid : A straight-chain, fourteen-carbon, long-chain saturated fatty acid mostly found in milk fat. | long-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite |
| dodecylamine | dodecylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd | primary aliphatic amine | |
| dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide | dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide : A quarternary ammonium cation having one dodecyl and three methyl substituents around the central nitrogen. | bromide salt; quaternary ammonium salt | surfactant |
| stearylamine | octadecan-1-amine : An 18-carbon primary aliphatic amine. stearylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd | primary aliphatic amine | film-forming compound |
| n-tetradecylamine | N-tetradecylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd | alkylamine | |
| 1,12-dodecamethylenediamine | 1,12-dodecamethylenediamine: RN given refers to parent cpd dodecane-1,12-diamine : An alkane-alpha,omega-diamine that is dodecane substituted by amino groups at positions 1 and 12. | alkane-alpha,omega-diamine | |
| stearyltrimethylammonium bromide | octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide: structure in first source | ||
| ag-213 | tyrphostin 47: inhibits protein-tyrosine kinase activity of EGF-R both in vitro and in living cells; | ||
| ag 99 | tyrphostin A46: epidermal growth factor-urogastrone receptor antagonist | ||
| dynole 34-2 | dynole 34-2: a dynamin inhibitor; structure in first source | ||
| n'-(3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)-3-hydroxy-2-naphthahydrazide | catechols; hydrazide; hydrazone; naphthols | EC 3.6.5.5 (dynamin GTPase) inhibitor |