regulation of regulatory ncRNA processing
Definition
Target type: biologicalprocess
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of regulatory non-coding RNA processing. [GOC:mah]
The regulation of regulatory ncRNA processing is a complex and multifaceted process that involves a wide array of mechanisms to ensure precise control over the synthesis and activity of these non-coding RNA molecules. Regulatory ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), play critical roles in gene expression regulation, impacting a vast array of cellular processes such as development, differentiation, and disease pathogenesis.
One major regulatory layer involves transcriptional control, where the rate of ncRNA synthesis is tightly regulated. This is achieved by various factors, including transcription factors that bind to specific DNA sequences upstream of ncRNA genes, influencing the recruitment of RNA polymerase II and initiation of transcription. Epigenetic modifications like DNA methylation and histone modifications also influence ncRNA gene accessibility and transcription rates.
Once transcribed, ncRNAs undergo intricate processing pathways to attain their functional forms. This processing can involve several steps, including capping, splicing, and cleavage. Notably, the biogenesis of miRNAs is a highly regulated process. Primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) are initially transcribed in the nucleus and subsequently processed by the RNase III enzyme Drosha, along with its cofactor DGCR8, to generate precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs). These pre-miRNAs are then transported to the cytoplasm, where they undergo further processing by another RNase III enzyme called Dicer, generating mature miRNAs.
Beyond transcriptional and processing regulation, ncRNA stability and degradation are also critical regulatory points. This involves a delicate balance of factors that influence the lifetime of these molecules. Specific enzymes, such as exonucleases and endoribonucleases, can target ncRNAs for degradation, leading to their removal from the cellular environment. However, other factors can stabilize ncRNAs, extending their functional lifespan.
The intricate interplay of these diverse regulatory mechanisms underscores the importance of fine-tuning ncRNA processing. This precise control ensures the appropriate levels and activity of these molecules, enabling them to effectively regulate gene expression and influence cellular processes in a dynamic and responsive manner. Dysregulation of ncRNA processing is often linked to disease development, highlighting the crucial role of this regulatory network in maintaining cellular homeostasis and organismal health.'
"
Proteins (1)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 | A RISC-loading complex subunit TARBP2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q15633] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (2)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| enoxacin | enoxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with an ethyl group at the 1 position, a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 7 position. An antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of urinary-tract infections and gonorrhoea. Enoxacin: A broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent that is structurally related to NALIDIXIC ACID. | 1,8-naphthyridine derivative; amino acid; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; quinolone antibiotic | antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor |
| schisanhenol b | schisanhenol B: isolated from kernels of Schisandra rubriflora; structure given in first source |