positive regulation of intestinal epithelial structure maintenance
Definition
Target type: biologicalprocess
Any process the increases the rate, frequency or extent of intestinal epithelial structure maintenance, a tissue homeostatic process required for the maintenance of the structure of the intestinal epithelium. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
Positive regulation of intestinal epithelial structure maintenance is a crucial biological process that ensures the integrity and functionality of the intestinal lining. The intestinal epithelium, a single layer of cells lining the lumen of the intestine, acts as a barrier against pathogens, facilitates nutrient absorption, and regulates immune responses. Maintaining its structural integrity is essential for these functions.
This process involves a complex interplay of various cellular and molecular mechanisms, including:
1. **Cell proliferation and differentiation:** Intestinal epithelial cells are constantly renewed through the proliferation of stem cells located in the crypts of Lieberkühn. These stem cells differentiate into various specialized cell types, including absorptive enterocytes, goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells, and Paneth cells, each playing a distinct role in maintaining intestinal function.
2. **Cell adhesion and junction formation:** Tight junctions, adherens junctions, and desmosomes provide structural integrity and regulate permeability of the epithelial layer. Tight junctions form a seal between adjacent cells, preventing the passage of fluids and molecules, while adherens junctions and desmosomes provide mechanical strength and stability.
3. **Extracellular matrix remodeling:** The extracellular matrix, a complex network of proteins and polysaccharides, provides structural support and regulates cellular behavior. Its composition and organization are dynamically remodeled during epithelial maintenance.
4. **Signaling pathways:** Various signaling pathways, including Wnt, Notch, and TGF-β, regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and adhesion, ensuring proper epithelial structure maintenance.
5. **Immune regulation:** The intestinal epithelium plays a crucial role in immune homeostasis. It interacts with the resident microbiota and immune cells, preventing excessive inflammation and maintaining immune tolerance.
Dysregulation of these processes can lead to various intestinal pathologies, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), celiac disease, and colorectal cancer. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying positive regulation of intestinal epithelial structure maintenance is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies for these conditions.'
"
Proteins (1)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Solute carrier family 22 member 5 | An organic cation/carnitine transporter 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:O76082] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (4)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| carnitine | amino-acid betaine | human metabolite; mouse metabolite | |
| cephaloridine | cefaloridine : A cephalosporin compound having pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and 2-thienylacetamido side-groups. A first-generation semisynthetic derivative of cephalosporin C. Cephaloridine: A cephalosporin antibiotic. | beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative | antibacterial drug |
| cefepime | cefepime : A cephalosporin bearing (1-methylpyrrolidinium-1-yl)methyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. Cefepime: A fourth-generation cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used in the treatment of infections, including those of the abdomen, urinary tract, respiratory tract, and skin. It is effective against PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA and may also be used in the empiric treatment of FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA. | cephalosporin; oxime O-ether | antibacterial drug |
| acetylcarnitine | O-acetyl-L-carnitine : An O-acyl-L-carnitine where the acyl group specified is acetyl. It facilitates movement of acetyl-CoA into the matrices of mammalian mitochondria during the oxidation of fatty acids. | O-acetylcarnitine; saturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine | human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |