Target type: biologicalprocess
The regulated release of corticotropin by a cell. Corticotropin hormone is a polypeptide hormone synthesized and secreted from corticotropes in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland in response to corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) released by the hypothalamus. [GOC:cjm, PMID:11027914]
Corticotropin (ACTH) secretion is a complex process regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is a hormonal feedback loop that involves three key components: the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the adrenal glands.
The hypothalamus, located in the brain, secretes corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in response to various stimuli, including stress, circadian rhythms, and low levels of circulating cortisol. CRH travels through the portal system to the anterior pituitary gland.
The anterior pituitary gland, upon receiving CRH, releases ACTH into the bloodstream. ACTH is a peptide hormone that stimulates the adrenal glands, specifically the adrenal cortex, to produce and release cortisol.
Cortisol, a steroid hormone, has various physiological effects, including:
- Regulation of blood sugar levels
- Suppressing inflammation
- Regulating blood pressure
- Maintaining electrolyte balance
- Influencing mood and cognitive function
Once cortisol levels rise in the bloodstream, they provide negative feedback to the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, inhibiting further release of CRH and ACTH. This feedback loop helps maintain a stable level of cortisol in the body.
In summary, corticotropin secretion is a tightly regulated process involving the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal glands. It is initiated by various stimuli, including stress, and is essential for maintaining homeostasis and responding to challenges in the body.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 | A corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P34998] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Aquaporin-1 | An aquaporin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P29972] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| hypericin | |||
| nbi 27914 | dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound | ||
| antalarmin | antalarmin : A pyrrolopyrimidine that is 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2, 5, and 6, by a mesityl group at position 7, and in which the amino substituent at position 4 has been substituted by ethyl and butyl groups. It is an antagonist of corticotropin-releasing factor 1 (CRF-1) receptors (Ki = 1 nM). | pyrrolopyrimidine; tertiary amino compound | corticotropin-releasing factor receptor antagonist |
| ssr 125543a | SSR125543: a CRF1 receptor antagonist with antidepressant-like effects | amine | |
| cp 154526 | |||
| cgp 71683 a | naphthalenes; sulfonic acid derivative | ||
| ucb 35625 | UCB 35625: J-113863 is the (trans)-isomer; structure in first source | ||
| r 121919 | |||
| pexacerfont | pyrazolopyridine | ||
| 4-(3-pentylamino)-2,7-dimethyl-8-(2-methyl-4-methoxyphenyl)pyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine | 4-(3-pentylamino)-2,7-dimethyl-8-(2-methyl-4-methoxyphenyl)pyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine: an hCRF(1) antagonist; structure in first source | ||
| nbi-34041 | NBI-34041: high-affinity CRF1 (corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1) receptor antagonist for attenuating elevated stress response | ||
| dmp 696 | DMP 696: a CRF(1) receptor antagonist; structure in first source | ||
| cp 154526 | CP 154526: structure in first source | ||
| gsk 561679 | NBI 77860: a CRF1 receptor antagonist; structure in first source | ||
| bms 665053 | BMS 665053: structure in first source | ||
| nitd 609 | NITD 609: an antimalarial and coccidiostat; structure in first source |