N-terminal peptidyl-proline methylation

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The methylation of the N-terminal proline of proteins. [PMID:20668449, RESID:AA0419]

N-terminal peptidyl-proline methylation is a post-translational modification (PTM) that involves the addition of a methyl group to the nitrogen atom of the proline residue at the N-terminus of a protein. This modification is catalyzed by a family of enzymes known as N-terminal peptidyl-proline N-methyltransferases (PPMTs).

The process begins with the recognition of the N-terminal proline residue by the PPMT. The enzyme binds to the proline residue and utilizes S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. SAM is a cofactor that provides the methyl group that will be transferred to the proline.

The enzyme then catalyzes the transfer of the methyl group from SAM to the nitrogen atom of the proline. This reaction is highly specific for proline residues and does not occur on other amino acids. Once the methylation is complete, the enzyme releases the modified protein and SAM is converted to S-adenosyl homocysteine (SAH).

The addition of the methyl group to the proline residue can have a significant impact on the structure and function of the protein. Methylation can alter the conformation of the protein, its interactions with other molecules, and its stability.

N-terminal peptidyl-proline methylation has been implicated in a variety of biological processes, including:

* **Protein folding and stability:** Methylation can influence the folding and stability of proteins by altering the interactions between amino acids.
* **Protein-protein interactions:** Methylation can modulate the interactions between proteins, affecting their assembly and function.
* **Signal transduction:** Methylation can play a role in signal transduction pathways by affecting the activity of signaling proteins.
* **Regulation of gene expression:** Methylation can influence the expression of genes by affecting the binding of transcription factors to DNA.

The role of N-terminal peptidyl-proline methylation in these various processes is still being investigated, but it is clear that this modification plays a crucial role in regulating a wide range of cellular functions.'
"

Proteins (1)

Compounds (1)