synaptic vesicle budding from presynaptic endocytic zone membrane

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Evagination of the presynaptic membrane, resulting in the formation of a new synaptic vesicle. [GOC:curators, PMID:10099709, PMID:20448150]

Synaptic vesicle budding from the presynaptic endocytic zone membrane is a complex and highly regulated process that allows for the efficient recycling of synaptic vesicle components and the maintenance of neurotransmitter release. The process begins with the formation of a clathrin-coated pit at the membrane of the presynaptic endocytic zone, a specialized region of the presynaptic terminal where synaptic vesicles are retrieved after fusion. This pit is initiated by the recruitment of clathrin, a protein that forms a lattice-like structure around the budding vesicle. Other proteins, including adaptor proteins (AP-2), dynamin, and the GTPase Rab5, are also recruited to the pit, playing crucial roles in shaping the vesicle and driving its fission from the membrane. AP-2 complexes bind to the cytoplasmic tails of transmembrane proteins in the plasma membrane, mediating the selection of specific cargo proteins destined for the budding vesicle. Dynamin, a GTPase, forms a ring-like structure around the neck of the budding vesicle and constricts the membrane, ultimately leading to vesicle scission. The newly formed vesicle, still coated with clathrin, then undergoes a series of maturation steps, including the removal of the clathrin coat and the recruitment of other proteins, such as synaptotagmin, which are essential for its future fusion with the presynaptic membrane. This process of synaptic vesicle budding is highly dynamic and tightly regulated, ensuring the efficient recycling of synaptic vesicle components and the continuous supply of synaptic vesicles for neurotransmitter release. '
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Proteins (2)

Compounds (14)