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dTDP biosynthetic process

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTDP, deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate (2'-deoxyribosylthymine5'-diphosphate). [ISBN:0198506732]

The dTDP biosynthetic process is a crucial pathway in the synthesis of deoxythymidine diphosphate (dTDP), a precursor for DNA synthesis. It starts with the conversion of deoxyguanosine monophosphate (dGMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP) by the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS). TS catalyzes the methylation of dUMP using tetrahydrofolate (THF) as a cofactor. This reaction is critical for DNA replication and repair, as dTMP is the only nucleotide precursor for DNA that cannot be directly salvaged from existing nucleotides. The resulting dTMP is then phosphorylated to dTDP by two kinases: dTMP kinase and nucleoside diphosphate kinase. dTDP is then further phosphorylated to dTTP, the active form of thymidine used in DNA synthesis. This process involves a complex interplay of enzymes, cofactors, and substrates, and is tightly regulated to ensure accurate and efficient DNA replication. The regulation of dTDP biosynthesis is crucial for maintaining genomic stability and preventing mutations.'
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Proteins (1)

ProteinDefinitionTaxonomy
Thymidylate kinaseA thymidylate kinase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P23919]Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (7)

CompoundDefinitionClassesRoles
thymidinepyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
bromodeoxyuridineBromodeoxyuridine: A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors.pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideantimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
dithionitrobenzoic aciddithionitrobenzoic acid : An organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of 2-nitro-5-thiobenzoic acid. An indicator used to quantify the number or concentration of thiol groups.

Dithionitrobenzoic Acid: A standard reagent for the determination of reactive sulfhydryl groups by absorbance measurements. It is used primarily for the determination of sulfhydryl and disulfide groups in proteins. The color produced is due to the formation of a thio anion, 3-carboxyl-4-nitrothiophenolate.
nitrobenzoic acid;
organic disulfide
indicator
thymidine monophosphatedTMP : The neutral species of thymidine 5'-monophosphate (2'-deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate).

Thymidine Monophosphate: 5-Thymidylic acid. A thymine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the deoxyribose moiety.
thymidine 5'-monophosphatefundamental metabolite
2'-deoxyuridylic acid2'-deoxyuridylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpddeoxyuridine phosphate;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate
Escherichia coli metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine 5'phosphate3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine 5'phosphate: inhibits thymidylate kinase
bromodeoxyuridylatebromodeoxyuridylate: RN given refers to parent cpd