Target type: biologicalprocess
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTDP, deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate (2'-deoxyribosylthymine5'-diphosphate). [ISBN:0198506732]
The dTDP biosynthetic process is a crucial pathway in the synthesis of deoxythymidine diphosphate (dTDP), a precursor for DNA synthesis. It starts with the conversion of deoxyguanosine monophosphate (dGMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP) by the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS). TS catalyzes the methylation of dUMP using tetrahydrofolate (THF) as a cofactor. This reaction is critical for DNA replication and repair, as dTMP is the only nucleotide precursor for DNA that cannot be directly salvaged from existing nucleotides. The resulting dTMP is then phosphorylated to dTDP by two kinases: dTMP kinase and nucleoside diphosphate kinase. dTDP is then further phosphorylated to dTTP, the active form of thymidine used in DNA synthesis. This process involves a complex interplay of enzymes, cofactors, and substrates, and is tightly regulated to ensure accurate and efficient DNA replication. The regulation of dTDP biosynthesis is crucial for maintaining genomic stability and preventing mutations.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Thymidylate kinase | A thymidylate kinase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P23919] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| thymidine | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite | |
| bromodeoxyuridine | Bromodeoxyuridine: A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors. | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent |
| dithionitrobenzoic acid | dithionitrobenzoic acid : An organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of 2-nitro-5-thiobenzoic acid. An indicator used to quantify the number or concentration of thiol groups. Dithionitrobenzoic Acid: A standard reagent for the determination of reactive sulfhydryl groups by absorbance measurements. It is used primarily for the determination of sulfhydryl and disulfide groups in proteins. The color produced is due to the formation of a thio anion, 3-carboxyl-4-nitrothiophenolate. | nitrobenzoic acid; organic disulfide | indicator |
| thymidine monophosphate | dTMP : The neutral species of thymidine 5'-monophosphate (2'-deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate). Thymidine Monophosphate: 5-Thymidylic acid. A thymine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the deoxyribose moiety. | thymidine 5'-monophosphate | fundamental metabolite |
| 2'-deoxyuridylic acid | 2'-deoxyuridylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd | deoxyuridine phosphate; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine 5'phosphate | 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine 5'phosphate: inhibits thymidylate kinase | ||
| bromodeoxyuridylate | bromodeoxyuridylate: RN given refers to parent cpd |