A ryanodine receptor 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q92736]
RYR-2;
RyR2;
hRYR-2;
Cardiac muscle ryanodine receptor;
Cardiac muscle ryanodine receptor-calcium release channel;
Type 2 ryanodine receptor
| Timeframe | Studies on this Protein(%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 2 (100.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 0 (0.00) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| Drug | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Publication(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chlorantranilipole | Homo sapiens (human) | EC50 | 100.0000 | 2 | 2 |
This protein enables 12 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity | molecular function | Enables transmembrane transfer of calcium ions from an intracellular store to the cytosol on induction by increased calcium concentration and is sensitive to the plant alkaloid ryanodine. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:22822064] |
| calcium channel activity | molecular function | Enables the facilitated diffusion of a calcium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism. [GOC:mtg_transport, GOC:pr, ISBN:0815340729] |
| calcium ion binding | molecular function | Binding to a calcium ion (Ca2+). [GOC:ai] |
| protein binding | molecular function | Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators] |
| calmodulin binding | molecular function | Binding to calmodulin, a calcium-binding protein with many roles, both in the calcium-bound and calcium-free states. [GOC:krc] |
| intracellularly gated calcium channel activity | molecular function | Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when a specific intracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. [GOC:mah] |
| enzyme binding | molecular function | Binding to an enzyme, a protein with catalytic activity. [GOC:jl] |
| protein kinase A catalytic subunit binding | molecular function | Binding to one or both of the catalytic subunits of protein kinase A. [GOC:mah] |
| protein kinase A regulatory subunit binding | molecular function | Binding to one or both of the regulatory subunits of protein kinase A. [GOC:mah] |
| identical protein binding | molecular function | Binding to an identical protein or proteins. [GOC:jl] |
| suramin binding | molecular function | Binding to suramin, a naphthalenesulfonic acid compound which is used in the treatment of diseases caused by trypanosomes and worms. [GOC:jl, Wikipedia:Suramin] |
| calcium-induced calcium release activity | molecular function | Enables transmembrane transfer of calcium ions from an intracellular store to the cytosol on induction by increased calcium concentration. [GOC:jid, GOC:nln, PMID:2990997, PMID:8381210, PMID:8653752] |
This protein is located in 6 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| plasma membrane | cellular component | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363] |
| junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane | cellular component | The part of the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane that contains calcium release channels, is devoted to calcium release and is juxtaposed to transverse tubule membrane. The junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane consists of the junctional region of the terminal cisterna membrane. [GOC:mtg_muscle] |
| membrane | cellular component | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it and attached to it. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
| sarcoplasmic reticulum | cellular component | A fine reticular network of membrane-limited elements that pervades the sarcoplasm of a muscle cell; continuous over large portions of the cell and with the nuclear envelope; that part of the endoplasmic reticulum specialized for calcium release, uptake and storage. [GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0124325653, ISBN:0198547684] |
| Z disc | cellular component | Platelike region of a muscle sarcomere to which the plus ends of actin filaments are attached. [GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0815316194] |
| sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane | cellular component | The lipid bilayer surrounding the sarcoplasmic reticulum. [GOC:rph] |
This protein is active in 4 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane | cellular component | The lipid bilayer surrounding the sarcoplasmic reticulum. [GOC:rph] |
| Z disc | cellular component | Platelike region of a muscle sarcomere to which the plus ends of actin filaments are attached. [GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0815316194] |
| sarcolemma | cellular component | The outer membrane of a muscle cell, consisting of the plasma membrane, a covering basement membrane (about 100 nm thick and sometimes common to more than one fiber), and the associated loose network of collagen fibers. [ISBN:0198506732] |
| smooth endoplasmic reticulum | cellular component | The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER or SER) has no ribosomes attached to it. The smooth ER is the recipient of the proteins synthesized in the rough ER. Those proteins to be exported are passed to the Golgi complex, the resident proteins are returned to the rough ER and the lysosomal proteins after phosphorylation of their mannose residues are passed to the lysosomes. Glycosylation of the glycoproteins also continues. The smooth ER is the site of synthesis of lipids, including the phospholipids. The membranes of the smooth ER also contain enzymes that catalyze a series of reactions to detoxify both lipid-soluble drugs and harmful products of metabolism. Large quantities of certain compounds such as phenobarbital cause an increase in the amount of the smooth ER. [ISBN:0198506732] |
This protein is part of 2 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| protein-containing complex | cellular component | A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah] |
| calcium channel complex | cellular component | An ion channel complex through which calcium ions pass. [GOC:mah] |
This protein is involved in 38 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| response to hypoxia | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. [GOC:hjd] |
| regulation of heart rate | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of heart contraction. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:10358008] |
| embryonic heart tube morphogenesis | biological process | The process in which the anatomical structures of the embryonic heart tube are generated and organized. The embryonic heart tube is an epithelial tube that will give rise to the mature heart. [GOC:mtg_heart] |
| left ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis | biological process | The process in which the anatomical structures of left cardiac ventricle muscle are generated and organized. [GOC:mtg_heart] |
| cardiac muscle hypertrophy | biological process | The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart muscle due to an increase in size of cardiac muscle cells without cell division. [GOC:mtg_heart] |
| detection of calcium ion | biological process | The series of events in which a calcium ion stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. [GOC:pg] |
| calcium ion transport | biological process | The directed movement of calcium (Ca) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:ai] |
| intracellular calcium ion homeostasis | biological process | A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of calcium ions within a cell. [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah] |
| positive regulation of heart rate | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency or rate of heart contraction. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction via the regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion by sarcoplasmic reticulum into cytosol. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is the endoplasmic reticulum of striated muscle, specialised for the sequestration of calcium ions that are released upon receipt of a signal relayed by the T tubules from the neuromuscular junction. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by calcium ion signaling | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction by changing the calcium ion signals that trigger contraction. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol by sarcoplasmic reticulum | biological process | The process in which the release of sequestered calcium ion by sarcoplasmic reticulum into cytosol occurs via calcium release channels. [GOC:mtg_muscle] |
| response to muscle activity | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a muscle activity stimulus. [GOC:mtg_muscle] |
| calcium-mediated signaling | biological process | Any intracellular signal transduction in which the signal is passed on within the cell via calcium ions. [GOC:signaling] |
| response to caffeine | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a caffeine stimulus. Caffeine is an alkaloid found in numerous plant species, where it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and kills certain insects feeding upon them. [GOC:ef, GOC:mah] |
| response to muscle stretch | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a myofibril being extended beyond its slack length. [GOC:BHF, GOC:vk, PMID:14583192] |
| release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol | biological process | The process in which calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus or mitochondria are released into the cytosolic compartment. [GOC:dph, GOC:hjd, GOC:mtg_lung, PMID:1814929] |
| positive regulation of sequestering of calcium ion | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the binding or confining calcium ions such that they are separated from other components of a biological system. [GOC:ai] |
| regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration | biological process | Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within the cytosol of a cell or between the cytosol and its surroundings. [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, GOC:rph] |
| establishment of localization in cell | biological process | Any process, occuring in a cell, that localizes a substance or cellular component. This may occur via movement, tethering or selective degradation. [GOC:ai, GOC:dos, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| response to redox state | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating redox state. Redox state refers to the balance of oxidized versus reduced forms of electron donors and acceptors in an organelle, cell or organ; plastoquinone, glutathione (GSH/GSSG), and nicotinamide nucleotides (NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH) are among the most important. [GOC:mah, PMID:15131240, PMID:16987039] |
| regulation of cardiac muscle contraction | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction. [GOC:ecd] |
| cardiac muscle contraction | biological process | Muscle contraction of cardiac muscle tissue. [GOC:dph] |
| calcium ion transport into cytosol | biological process | The directed movement of calcium ions (Ca2+) into the cytosol. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ion transport | biological process | The directed movement of calcium ions (Ca2+) into, out of or within the sarcoplasmic reticulum. [GOC:BHF, GOC:vk] |
| cellular response to caffeine | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a caffeine stimulus. Caffeine is an alkaloid found in numerous plant species, where it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and kills certain insects feeding upon them. [GOC:mah] |
| cellular response to epinephrine stimulus | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an epinephrine stimulus. Epinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C9H13NO3; it is secreted by the adrenal medulla to act as a hormone, and released by certain neurons to act as a neurotransmitter active in the central nervous system. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah] |
| establishment of protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum | biological process | The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the endoplasmic reticulum. [GOC:mah] |
| ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential | biological process | An action potential that occurs in a ventricular cardiac muscle cell. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
| Purkinje myocyte to ventricular cardiac muscle cell signaling | biological process | Any process that mediates the transfer of information from a Purkinje myocyte to a ventricular cardiac muscle cell. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
| cell communication by electrical coupling involved in cardiac conduction | biological process | The process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels and contributes to the process of cardiac conduction. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
| type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process | biological process | Any apoptotic process in a type B pancreatic cell, a cell located towards center of the islets of Langerhans that secretes insulin. [CL:0000169, GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:16087305] |
| positive regulation of the force of heart contraction | biological process | Any process that increases the force of heart muscle contraction. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dos, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11, GOC:rl, PMID:17242280] |
| regulation of AV node cell action potential | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in an atrioventricular node myocyte. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
| regulation of SA node cell action potential | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in an SA node cardiac myocyte. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
| regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in an atrial cardiac muscle cell contributing to the regulation of its contraction. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
| regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in a ventricular cardiac muscle cell contributing to the regulation of its contraction. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
| striated muscle contraction | biological process | A process in which force is generated within striated muscle tissue, resulting in the shortening of the muscle. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. Striated muscle is a type of muscle in which the repeating units (sarcomeres) of the contractile myofibrils are arranged in registry throughout the cell, resulting in transverse or oblique striations observable at the level of the light microscope. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0198506732] |