A vesicular acetylcholine transporter that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q16572]
VAChT;
Solute carrier family 18 member 3
| Timeframe | Studies on this Protein(%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 1 (12.50) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 2 (25.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 2 (25.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 3 (37.50) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| Drug | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Publication(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| vesamicol | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 1.5200 | 1 | 2 |
| hemicholinium 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0120 | 1 | 1 |
| 4-phenylpiperidine | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 90.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| vesamicol | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 0.0200 | 1 | 1 |
| vesamicol | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 0.0068 | 6 | 6 |
| benzovesamicol | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 0.0001 | 3 | 3 |
This protein enables 4 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| acetylcholine transmembrane transporter activity | molecular function | Enables the transfer of acetylcholine from one side of a membrane to the other. Acetylcholine is an acetic acid ester of the organic base choline and functions as a neurotransmitter, released at the synapses of parasympathetic nerves and at neuromuscular junctions. [GOC:ai] |
| acetylcholine:proton antiporter activity | molecular function | Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + acetylcholine(in) = H+(in) + acetylcholine(out). [TC:2.A.1.2.13] |
| protein binding | molecular function | Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators] |
| monoamine:proton antiporter activity | molecular function | Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + monoamine(in) = H+(in) + monoamine(out). [TC:2.A.1.2.11, TC:2.A.1.2.12] |
This protein is located in 4 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| plasma membrane | cellular component | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363] |
| clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane | cellular component | The lipid bilayer surrounding a clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle. [GOC:mah] |
| synaptic vesicle membrane | cellular component | The lipid bilayer surrounding a synaptic vesicle. [GOC:mah] |
| clathrin-sculpted acetylcholine transport vesicle membrane | cellular component | The lipid bilayer surrounding a clathrin-sculpted acetylcholine transport vesicle. [GOC:dph] |
This protein is active in 1 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| terminal bouton | cellular component | Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal bouton is a specialized region of it. [GOC:dph, GOC:mc, GOC:nln, PMID:10218156, PMID:8409967] |
This protein is part of 2 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| AP-1 adaptor complex | cellular component | A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of beta1, gamma, mu1 and sigma1 subunits and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle; vesicles with AP-1-containing coats are normally found primarily in the trans-Golgi network. In at least humans, the AP-1 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different genes (gamma1 and gamma2, mu1A and mu1B, and sigma1A, sigma1B and sigma1C). [GOC:mah, PMID:10611976, PMID:21097499] |
| AP-2 adaptor complex | cellular component | A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of alpha, beta2, mu2 and sigma2 subunits, and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle, and the cargo receptors during receptor/clathrin mediated endocytosis. Vesicles with AP-2-containing coats are normally found primarily near the plasma membrane, on endocytic vesicles. In at least humans, the AP-2 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different alpha genes (alphaA and alphaC). [GOC:mah, PMID:10611976, PMID:21097499, PMID:22022230, PMID:24322426] |
This protein is involved in 8 target(s):
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| neurotransmitter transport | biological process | The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell. [GOC:ai] |
| positive regulation of acetylcholine secretion, neurotransmission | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of acetylcholine. [GOC:ef] |
| serotonin uptake | biological process | The directed movement of serotonin into a cell, typically presynaptic neurons or glial cells. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems. [GOC:ai] |
| acetylcholine uptake | biological process | The directed movement of acetylcholine into a cell, typically presynaptic neurons or glial cells. Acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter and neuromodulator both in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It also acts as a paracrine signal in various non-neural tissues. [GOC:ai] |
| positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of long-term synaptic potentiation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:TermGenie] |
| proton transmembrane transport | biological process | The directed movement of a proton across a membrane. [GO_REF:0000069, GOC:pr, GOC:TermGenie] |
| positive regulation of neuromuscular junction development | biological process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuromuscular junction development. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:7722643] |
| chemical synaptic transmission | biological process | The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse. [GOC:jl, MeSH:D009435] |