| Protein | Synonyms | Taxonomy |
|---|
| Retinaldehyde-binding protein 1 | Cellular retinaldehyde-binding protein | Homo sapiens (human) |
| N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine-hydrolyzing phospholipase D | N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipase D; NAPE-PLD; NAPE-hydrolyzing phospholipase D; EC 3.1.4.54 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Long-wave-sensitive opsin 1 | Red cone photoreceptor pigment; Red-sensitive opsin; ROP | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Lecithin retinol acyltransferase | EC 2.3.1.135; Phosphatidylcholine--retinol O-acyltransferase | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Retinol-binding protein 1 | Cellular retinol-binding protein; CRBP; Cellular retinol-binding protein I; CRBP-I | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Medium-wave-sensitive opsin 1 | Green cone photoreceptor pigment; Green-sensitive opsin; GOP | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Retinol dehydrogenase 12 | EC 1.1.1.300; All-trans and 9-cis retinol dehydrogenase; Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 7C member 2 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Description |
|---|
| hydronium ion | |
| retinol | |
| retinaldehyde | A diterpene derived from the carotenoid VITAMIN A which functions as the active component of the visual cycle. It is the prosthetic group of RHODOPSIN (i.e., covalently bonded to ROD OPSIN as 11-cis-retinal). When stimulated by visible light, rhodopsin transforms this cis-isomer of retinal to the trans-isomer (11-trans-retinal). This transformation straightens-out the bend of the retinal molecule and causes a change in the shape of rhodopsin triggering the visual process. A series of energy-requiring enzyme-catalyzed reactions convert the 11-trans-retinal back to the cis-isomer. |
| Water | A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) |
| nad | A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| NADP | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| 11-cis-Retinol | |
| 11-cis-retinal | |
| adenosine triphosphate | An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter. |