ketamine has been researched along with Apnea in 42 studies
Ketamine: A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.
ketamine : A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group.
Apnea: A transient absence of spontaneous respiration.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| " Tracings were analyzed for evidence of apnea, periodic breathing and/or bradycardia by a pulmonologist unaware of the anesthetic technique utilized." | 9.06 | Postoperative apnea in former preterm infants: prospective comparison of spinal and general anesthesia. ( Broadman, LM; Fink, R; Hannallah, RS; Rice, LJ; Ruttimann, UE; Welborn, LG, 1990) |
| " It generally has a reassuring adverse event profile and rarely has been reported to result in apnea." | 8.12 | Apnea with ketamine sedation in a patient with severe anorexia nervosa: A case report. ( Joshi, R; Marvin, W, 2022) |
| " One minute after receiving ketamine, she developed apnea; bag-valve-mask ventilation was initiated, and she received succinylcholine and etomidate and was intubated on the first attempt, without complication." | 7.85 | Apnea After Low-Dose Ketamine Sedation During Attempted Delayed Sequence Intubation. ( Driver, BE; Reardon, RF, 2017) |
| "We describe the characteristics of and predictors for apnea and clinical interventions during emergency department (ED) procedural sedation." | 7.83 | Characteristics of and Predictors for Apnea and Clinical Interventions During Procedural Sedation. ( Andolfatto, G; Krauss, BA; Krauss, BS; Mieloszyk, RJ; Monuteaux, MC, 2016) |
| "We report a rare case of prolonged apnea following administration of ketamine." | 7.74 | Prolonged apnea with intramuscular ketamine: a case report. ( Jonnavithula, N; Kulkarni, DK; Ramachandran, G, 2008) |
| " Complications including apnea, hypotension, hypoxia, nausea, and vomiting, along with gastroenterologist satisfaction and patients' pain score (based on Wong-Baker faces pain assessment scale), were recorded by a checklist." | 5.51 | Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine/Ketamine with Propofol/Fentanyl for Sedation in Colonoscopy Patients: A Doubleblinded Randomized Clinical Trial. ( Aghaali, M; Ahmadpour, S; Alemi, F; Aminnejad, R; Hormati, A; Hormati, M; Sabouri, SM; Saeidi, M; Shafiee, H, 2022) |
| " We therefore sought to summarize the evidence on the level of pain experienced by neonates both during and following procedures; relevant drug-related adverse events, namely episodes of apnea, desaturation, bradycardia, and hypotension; and the effects of combinations of drugs." | 5.41 | Non-opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates. ( Bruschettini, M; Persad, E; Pizarro, AB, 2023) |
| " The primary outcome was the occurrence of a respiratory adverse event (desaturation, apnea, or hypoventilation) requiring an intervention by the sedating physician." | 5.22 | Propofol or Ketofol for Procedural Sedation and Analgesia in Emergency Medicine-The POKER Study: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial. ( Bell, A; Ding, M; Ferguson, I; Holdgate, A; New, L; Treston, G, 2016) |
| "Capnography enables the measurement of end-tidal CO2 and thereby the early detection of apnea, prompting immediate intervention to restore ventilation." | 5.19 | Capnographic monitoring of propofol-based sedation during colonoscopy. ( Albert, J; Bojunga, J; Filmann, N; Friedrich-Rust, M; Herrmann, E; Kannengiesser, M; Meckbach, Y; Schroeter, H; Trojan, J; Welte, C; Welte, M; Zeuzem, S, 2014) |
| "022) were significantly lower, and apnea duration (P < 0." | 5.17 | Comparison of effects of propofol and ketamine-propofol mixture (ketofol) on laryngeal mask airway insertion conditions and hemodynamics in elderly patients: a randomized, prospective, double-blind trial. ( Aydogan, MS; Begec, Z; Colak, C; Durmus, M; Erdogan, MA; Ozgul, U; Yucel, A, 2013) |
| " While oxygen desaturation and apnea were not observed in any of the patients in group PK, there were four patients (11." | 5.11 | Comparison of propofol with propofol-ketamine combination in pediatric patients undergoing auditory brainstem response testing. ( Akin, A; Aydogan, H; Boyaci, A; Esmaoglu, A; Gulcu, N; Tosun, Z, 2005) |
| " Apnea occurred in 1 cat treated with methotrimeprazine, romifidine, and ketamine, suggesting that ventilatory support may be necessary when this protocol is used." | 5.09 | A preliminary trial comparison of several anesthetic techniques in cats. ( Cruz, ML; de Castro, GB; Luna, SP; Massone, F; Rosa, AL, 2000) |
| " Ketamine had no influence on the incidence of apnea after propofol, and the net hemodynamic effects were minimal." | 5.08 | Additive interactions between propofol and ketamine when used for anesthesia induction in female patients. ( Gin, T; Hong, W; Hui, TW; Plummer, J; Short, TG; Suen, T, 1995) |
| " Low-dose intravenous ketamine as the primary anesthetic following premedication with fentanyl and midazolam, and in conjunction with nitrous oxide, appeared to produce less hypoxia, hypercarbia, and apnea than when methohexital was used." | 5.07 | A double-blind comparison of low-dose intravenous ketamine and methohexital in adults. ( Anderson, JA; Blankstein, KC, 1991) |
| " Tracings were analyzed for evidence of apnea, periodic breathing and/or bradycardia by a pulmonologist unaware of the anesthetic technique utilized." | 5.06 | Postoperative apnea in former preterm infants: prospective comparison of spinal and general anesthesia. ( Broadman, LM; Fink, R; Hannallah, RS; Rice, LJ; Ruttimann, UE; Welborn, LG, 1990) |
| " It generally has a reassuring adverse event profile and rarely has been reported to result in apnea." | 4.12 | Apnea with ketamine sedation in a patient with severe anorexia nervosa: A case report. ( Joshi, R; Marvin, W, 2022) |
| " One minute after receiving ketamine, she developed apnea; bag-valve-mask ventilation was initiated, and she received succinylcholine and etomidate and was intubated on the first attempt, without complication." | 3.85 | Apnea After Low-Dose Ketamine Sedation During Attempted Delayed Sequence Intubation. ( Driver, BE; Reardon, RF, 2017) |
| "We describe the characteristics of and predictors for apnea and clinical interventions during emergency department (ED) procedural sedation." | 3.83 | Characteristics of and Predictors for Apnea and Clinical Interventions During Procedural Sedation. ( Andolfatto, G; Krauss, BA; Krauss, BS; Mieloszyk, RJ; Monuteaux, MC, 2016) |
| " In anesthetized mice, in addition to an increased V(e), repeated 100 mg/ml Mch exposures increased both DeltaP(b) and R(aw) and decreased f to apnea in 10 min." | 3.74 | End-expiratory and tidal volumes measured in conscious mice using single projection x-ray images. ( Houtz, PK; Lai, YL; Lai-Fook, SJ, 2008) |
| "We report a rare case of prolonged apnea following administration of ketamine." | 3.74 | Prolonged apnea with intramuscular ketamine: a case report. ( Jonnavithula, N; Kulkarni, DK; Ramachandran, G, 2008) |
| " The adverse event (AE) rate was 18% and included apnea (10%), inadequate sedation (3%), bradycardia (2%), desaturation (1%), hypotension (1%) and bag-valve-mask use (1%)." | 3.73 | Emergency department procedural sedation and analgesia: A Canadian Community Effectiveness and Safety Study (ACCESS). ( Mensour, M; Michaud, J; Pineau, R; Sahai, V, 2006) |
| " Few side effects were observed during the trials, aside from mild tremors caused by ketamine, and respiratory depression or prolonged apnea caused by tiletamine-zolazepam." | 3.71 | Response of wild subantarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus tropicalis) females to ketamine and tiletamine-zolazepam anesthesia. ( Beauplet, G; Dabin, W; Guinet, C, 2002) |
| "4%: airway malalignment (n = 7), laryngospasm (n = 4), apnea (n = 2), and respiratory depression (n = 1)." | 3.70 | Intramuscular ketamine for pediatric sedation in the emergency department: safety profile in 1,022 cases. ( Garrett, W; Green, SM; Harris, T; Hestdalen, R; Ho, M; Hopkins, GA; Lynch, EL; Rothrock, SG; Westcott, K, 1998) |
| " Induction doses of ketamine 1 hour after HD exposure resulted in periods of profound apnea, with continued respiratory distress for the next 2 hours." | 3.70 | Domestic swine model for the assessment of chemical warfare agent-anesthetic interactions: some effects of sulfur mustard. ( Conley, J; Hamilton, M; Hunter, K; Lundy, P; Sawyer, TW, 2000) |
| " After administration of intramuscular ketamine for sedation, the patient was observed to experience one ineffective respiration followed by a period of apnea." | 3.68 | Respiratory arrest following intramuscular ketamine injection in a 4-year-old child. ( Santer, LJ; Smith, JA, 1993) |
| "Xylazine alone was administered to 34 leopard seals." | 1.28 | Immobilisation of southern elephant seals and leopard seals with cyclohexamine anaesthetics and xylazine. ( Burton, HR; Mitchell, PJ, 1991) |
| "Propofol anaesthesia was characterised by smooth rapid induction and good muscle relaxation but was only of short duration, ranging from two to seven minutes, and seemed to cause a marked respiratory depression." | 1.28 | Preliminary studies on the use of propofol in the domestic pigeon (Columba livia). ( Cooper, JE; Fitzgerald, G, 1990) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 4 (9.52) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 17 (40.48) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 11 (26.19) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 7 (16.67) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 3 (7.14) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Aminnejad, R | 1 |
| Hormati, A | 1 |
| Shafiee, H | 1 |
| Alemi, F | 1 |
| Hormati, M | 1 |
| Saeidi, M | 1 |
| Ahmadpour, S | 1 |
| Sabouri, SM | 1 |
| Aghaali, M | 1 |
| Persad, E | 1 |
| Pizarro, AB | 1 |
| Bruschettini, M | 1 |
| Joshi, R | 1 |
| Marvin, W | 1 |
| Shiber, J | 1 |
| Friedrich-Rust, M | 1 |
| Welte, M | 1 |
| Welte, C | 1 |
| Albert, J | 1 |
| Meckbach, Y | 1 |
| Herrmann, E | 1 |
| Kannengiesser, M | 1 |
| Trojan, J | 1 |
| Filmann, N | 1 |
| Schroeter, H | 1 |
| Zeuzem, S | 1 |
| Bojunga, J | 1 |
| Ferguson, I | 1 |
| Bell, A | 1 |
| Treston, G | 1 |
| New, L | 1 |
| Ding, M | 1 |
| Holdgate, A | 1 |
| Krauss, BS | 1 |
| Andolfatto, G | 1 |
| Krauss, BA | 1 |
| Mieloszyk, RJ | 1 |
| Monuteaux, MC | 1 |
| Driver, BE | 1 |
| Reardon, RF | 1 |
| Xue, FS | 1 |
| Liao, X | 1 |
| Xu, YC | 1 |
| Yang, QY | 1 |
| Marcos Vidal, JM | 1 |
| Bermejo González, JC | 1 |
| Baticón Escudero, PM | 1 |
| Erdogan, MA | 1 |
| Begec, Z | 1 |
| Aydogan, MS | 1 |
| Ozgul, U | 1 |
| Yucel, A | 1 |
| Colak, C | 1 |
| Durmus, M | 1 |
| Dabin, W | 1 |
| Beauplet, G | 1 |
| Guinet, C | 1 |
| Castilla, M | 1 |
| Jerez, M | 1 |
| Llácer, M | 1 |
| Martinez, S | 1 |
| Akin, A | 1 |
| Esmaoglu, A | 1 |
| Tosun, Z | 1 |
| Gulcu, N | 1 |
| Aydogan, H | 1 |
| Boyaci, A | 1 |
| Budzińska, K | 1 |
| Mensour, M | 1 |
| Pineau, R | 1 |
| Sahai, V | 1 |
| Michaud, J | 1 |
| Lai-Fook, SJ | 1 |
| Houtz, PK | 1 |
| Lai, YL | 1 |
| Moser, B | 1 |
| Röggla, G | 1 |
| Jonnavithula, N | 1 |
| Kulkarni, DK | 1 |
| Ramachandran, G | 1 |
| Hui, TW | 1 |
| Short, TG | 1 |
| Hong, W | 1 |
| Suen, T | 1 |
| Gin, T | 1 |
| Plummer, J | 1 |
| Joly, LM | 1 |
| Benhamou, D | 1 |
| Schultz, CH | 1 |
| Green, SM | 3 |
| Rothrock, SG | 3 |
| Smith, JA | 1 |
| Santer, LJ | 1 |
| Mitchell, RK | 1 |
| Koury, SI | 1 |
| Stone, CK | 1 |
| Litman, RS | 1 |
| Lynch, EL | 1 |
| Ho, M | 1 |
| Harris, T | 1 |
| Hestdalen, R | 1 |
| Hopkins, GA | 1 |
| Garrett, W | 1 |
| Westcott, K | 1 |
| Cruz, ML | 1 |
| Luna, SP | 1 |
| de Castro, GB | 1 |
| Massone, F | 1 |
| Rosa, AL | 1 |
| Conley, J | 1 |
| Hunter, K | 1 |
| Lundy, P | 1 |
| Hamilton, M | 1 |
| Sawyer, TW | 1 |
| Mitchell, PJ | 1 |
| Burton, HR | 1 |
| Jahangir, SM | 1 |
| Rahman, K | 1 |
| Blankstein, KC | 1 |
| Anderson, JA | 1 |
| Webster, AC | 1 |
| McKishnie, JD | 1 |
| Kenyon, CF | 1 |
| Marshall, DG | 1 |
| Tashiro, C | 1 |
| Matsui, Y | 1 |
| Nakano, S | 1 |
| Ueyama, H | 1 |
| Nishimura, M | 1 |
| Oka, N | 1 |
| Rasch, DK | 1 |
| Gurkowski, MA | 1 |
| Park, MK | 1 |
| Welborn, LG | 1 |
| Rice, LJ | 1 |
| Hannallah, RS | 1 |
| Broadman, LM | 1 |
| Ruttimann, UE | 1 |
| Fink, R | 1 |
| Fitzgerald, G | 1 |
| Cooper, JE | 1 |
| Pokorski, M | 1 |
| Sieradzan, B | 1 |
| Karczewski, W | 1 |
| van Wijhe, M | 1 |
| Stricker, BH | 1 |
| Rejger, VS | 1 |
| Coppel, DL | 1 |
| Dundee, JW | 1 |
| Lockhart, CH | 1 |
| Jenkins, JJ | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prospective Observational Evaluation of a New Protocol for Adult Procedural Sedation With Ketamine-propofol in a 1 on 4 Ratio at the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Hospital[NCT04028141] | 61 participants (Actual) | Observational | 2018-02-01 | Completed | |||
| Intravenous Sedation and Analgesia Using Propofol, Fentanyl and Ketamine (PFK) Versus General Anesthesia in Minor Urological Procedures.[NCT04285528] | 200 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2019-04-17 | Completed | |||
| Comparison of Ketamine Versus Co-Administration of Ketamine and Propofol for Procedural Sedation in a Pediatric Emergency Department[NCT01387139] | Phase 3 | 183 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2011-01-31 | Completed | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
"Efficacy is defined as:~The patient does not have unpleasant recall of the procedure.~The patient did not experience sedation-related adverse events resulting in abandonment of the procedure or a permanent complication or an unplanned admission to the hospital or prolonged emergency department (ED) observation~The patient did not actively resist or require physical restraint for completion of the procedure. The need for minimal redirection of movements should not be considered as active resistance or physical restraint.~The procedure was successful" (NCT01387139)
Timeframe: After procedure is completed, on average less than 1 hour
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine Alone | 97 |
| Ketamine Co-Administered With Propofol | 81 |
Measured on a 10-point scale (1= least satisfied, 10= most satisfied) (NCT01387139)
Timeframe: After procedure is completed, on average less than 1 hour
| Intervention | units on a scale (Median) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine Alone | 10 |
| Ketamine Co-Administered With Propofol | 8 |
Measured on a 10-point scale (1= least satisfied, 10= most satisfied) (NCT01387139)
Timeframe: After procedure is completed, on average less than 1 hour
| Intervention | units on a scale (1-10) (Median) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine Alone | 10 |
| Ketamine Co-Administered With Propofol | 10 |
Measured on a 10-point scale (1= least satisfied, 10= most satisfied) (NCT01387139)
Timeframe: After procedure is completed, on average less than 1 hour
| Intervention | units on a scale (Median) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine Alone | 9 |
| Ketamine Co-Administered With Propofol | 8 |
Time until the patient has a Vancouver Sedation Recovery Scale Score of 18 or greater. (NCT01387139)
Timeframe: Once Vancouver Sedation Recovery Scale Score reaches 18 or greater, on average less than 1 hour
| Intervention | minutes (Median) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine Alone | 44 |
| Ketamine Co-Administered With Propofol | 43.5 |
We will record all adverse events during the sedation, and then perform a follow-up call to determine if any additional adverse events occured after discharge. (NCT01387139)
Timeframe: From enrollment through completion of follow-up, up to 7 days
| Intervention | participants (Number) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Respiratory depression | Cardiovascular event | vomiting/retching | Unpleasant recovery reaction | |
| Ketamine Alone | 12 | 1 | 21 | 4 |
| Ketamine Co-Administered With Propofol | 15 | 0 | 18 | 2 |
1 review available for ketamine and Apnea
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Non-opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates.
Topics: Aged; Analgesics; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Apnea; Body Wei | 2023 |
10 trials available for ketamine and Apnea
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine/Ketamine with Propofol/Fentanyl for Sedation in Colonoscopy Patients: A Doubleblinded Randomized Clinical Trial.
Topics: Apnea; Colonoscopy; Dexmedetomidine; Double-Blind Method; Fentanyl; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; | 2022 |
Capnographic monitoring of propofol-based sedation during colonoscopy.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Apnea; Body Mass Index; Capnography; Colono | 2014 |
Propofol or Ketofol for Procedural Sedation and Analgesia in Emergency Medicine-The POKER Study: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analgesia; Apnea; Deep Sedation; Double-Blind Method; Dr | 2016 |
Propofol or Ketofol for Procedural Sedation and Analgesia in Emergency Medicine-The POKER Study: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analgesia; Apnea; Deep Sedation; Double-Blind Method; Dr | 2016 |
Propofol or Ketofol for Procedural Sedation and Analgesia in Emergency Medicine-The POKER Study: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analgesia; Apnea; Deep Sedation; Double-Blind Method; Dr | 2016 |
Propofol or Ketofol for Procedural Sedation and Analgesia in Emergency Medicine-The POKER Study: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analgesia; Apnea; Deep Sedation; Double-Blind Method; Dr | 2016 |
Comparison of effects of propofol and ketamine-propofol mixture (ketofol) on laryngeal mask airway insertion conditions and hemodynamics in elderly patients: a randomized, prospective, double-blind trial.
Topics: Aged; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Apnea; Blood Pres | 2013 |
Comparison of propofol with propofol-ketamine combination in pediatric patients undergoing auditory brainstem response testing.
Topics: Adolescent; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Combinati | 2005 |
Additive interactions between propofol and ketamine when used for anesthesia induction in female patients.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Dose-Response Relat | 1995 |
Ventilation during total intravenous anaesthesia with ketamine.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Airway Obstruction; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Apnea; | 1994 |
A preliminary trial comparison of several anesthetic techniques in cats.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Apnea; Cats; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fem | 2000 |
A double-blind comparison of low-dose intravenous ketamine and methohexital in adults.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amnesia; Anesthesia, Dental; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Double-Blind Method; Female; | 1991 |
Postoperative apnea in former preterm infants: prospective comparison of spinal and general anesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Spinal; Apnea; Bradycardia; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Infant, Newbo | 1990 |
31 other studies available for ketamine and Apnea
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Apnea with ketamine sedation in a patient with severe anorexia nervosa: A case report.
Topics: Adolescent; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anorexia Nervosa; Apnea; Autism Spectrum Disorder | 2022 |
Ketamine Causing Apnea?
Topics: Apnea; Humans; Ketamine | 2017 |
Characteristics of and Predictors for Apnea and Clinical Interventions During Procedural Sedation.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Apnea; Capnography; Conscious Sedation; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedat | 2016 |
Apnea After Low-Dose Ketamine Sedation During Attempted Delayed Sequence Intubation.
Topics: Apnea; Conscious Sedation; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Int | 2017 |
Sedation and anesthesia for fiberoptic intubation in management of pediatric difficult airways.
Topics: Adolescent; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Apnea; Child | 2008 |
[Noninvasive ventilation through a nasal mask to sedate a man with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis during percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy].
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Apnea; Deep Sedation; Endoscopy; Enteral Nutrition; Gastrostomy; Huma | 2011 |
Response of wild subantarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus tropicalis) females to ketamine and tiletamine-zolazepam anesthesia.
Topics: Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Antarctic Regions; Anti-Anxiety Agents; A | 2002 |
Anaesthetic management in a neonate with congenital complete heart block.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Apnea; Heart Block; Heart Rate; Humans; In | 2004 |
Divergent effects of bicuculline and picrotoxin on ketamine-induced apneustic breathing.
Topics: Animals; Apnea; Bicuculline; Blood Pressure; Cats; Disease Models, Animal; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A | 2005 |
Emergency department procedural sedation and analgesia: A Canadian Community Effectiveness and Safety Study (ACCESS).
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Apnea; Blood Gas Monitoring, Transcutaneous; Bradycardia; Cana | 2006 |
End-expiratory and tidal volumes measured in conscious mice using single projection x-ray images.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Aerosols; Airway Resistance; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Apnea; | 2008 |
Emergency anaesthesia at high altitude.
Topics: Altitude; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Apnea; Emergencies; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine | 2008 |
Prolonged apnea with intramuscular ketamine: a case report.
Topics: Analgesics; Apnea; Emergency Treatment; Female; Humans; Infant; Injections, Intramuscular; Intubatio | 2008 |
Intramuscular ketamine and apnea.
Topics: Apnea; Child, Preschool; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Ketamine | 1994 |
Intramuscular ketamine and apnea.
Topics: Apnea; Child, Preschool; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine | 1994 |
Respiratory arrest following intramuscular ketamine injection in a 4-year-old child.
Topics: Apnea; Child, Preschool; Ear Canal; Foreign Bodies; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Mal | 1993 |
Respiratory arrest after intramuscular ketamine in a 2-year-old child.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Apnea; Child, Preschool; Ear Canal; Female; Foreign Bodies; Humans; Ketam | 1996 |
Transient apnea with intramuscular ketamine.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Apnea; Child; Humans; Ketamine | 1997 |
Apnea and oxyhemoglobin desaturation after intramuscular ketamine administration in a 2-year-old child.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Apnea; Child, Preschool; Conscious Sedation; Humans; Injections, Intramus | 1997 |
Intramuscular ketamine for pediatric sedation in the emergency department: safety profile in 1,022 cases.
Topics: Adolescent; Affective Symptoms; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Apnea; Child; Child, Preschool; Conscious | 1998 |
Domestic swine model for the assessment of chemical warfare agent-anesthetic interactions: some effects of sulfur mustard.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Animals; Apnea; Chemical Warfare; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Eva | 2000 |
Immobilisation of southern elephant seals and leopard seals with cyclohexamine anaesthetics and xylazine.
Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Apnea; Immobilization; Ketamine; Pneumonia, Aspiration; Seals, Earless; Tileta | 1991 |
Prolonged apnoea, trismus and ketamine.
Topics: Apnea; Child; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Trismus | 1991 |
Spinal anaesthesia for inguinal hernia repair in high-risk neonates.
Topics: Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthesia, Spinal; Apnea; Female; Halothane; Herni | 1991 |
Respiratory outcome in extremely premature infants following ketamine anaesthesia.
Topics: Age Factors; Aminophylline; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Apnea; Birth Weight; Gestational Age; Humans; I | 1991 |
Apnea during prostaglandin infusion caused by intramuscular ketamine.
Topics: Alprostadil; Apnea; Drug Interactions; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; | 1990 |
Preliminary studies on the use of propofol in the domestic pigeon (Columba livia).
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Animals, Domestic; Apnea; Bird Diseases; Columbidae; Female; Heart Rate; Inject | 1990 |
Apneustic respiration of ketamine is not antagonized by naloxone in the cat.
Topics: Animals; Apnea; Cats; Ketamine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Respiration | 1987 |
Prolonged apnoea with ketamine.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Apnea; Female; Humans; Infant; Ketamine | 1986 |
Ketamine anaesthesia for cardiac catheterisation.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Apnea; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dio | 1972 |
Ketamine-induced apnea in patients with increased intracranial pressure.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Apnea; Cyclohexanes; Female; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Infant; Infant | 1972 |