glycine and Psychoses
glycine has been researched along with Psychoses in 21 studies
Research Excerpts
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST) was a 16-week double-blind, double-dummy, parallel group, randomized clinical trial of adjunctive glycine, D-cycloserine, or placebo conducted at four sites in the United States and one site in Israel." | 5.12 | The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST): the efficacy of glutamatergic agents for negative symptoms and cognitive impairments. ( Buchanan, RW; Carpenter, WT; Gold, JM; Heresco-Levy, U; Javitt, DC; Marder, SR; McMahon, RP; Schooler, NR, 2007) |
| "Plasma serine levels (PSL) in a group of patients with the diagnosis of major or atypical psychoses were significantly higher than in patients with nonpsychotic diagnoses or nonpatient controls." | 3.67 | Serine metabolism and psychosis. ( Mott, J; Sherman, AD; Waziri, R; Wilcox, J, 1984) |
| "It was investigated whether an increased demand for glycine, as postulated to occur in patients who have suffered from episodic psychoses accompanied by multiple perceptual distortions, could evoke psychotic reactions." | 3.66 | Serine and glycine-induced catalepsy in porphyric rats: an animal model for psychosis? ( Bruinvels, J; Pepplinkhuizen, L; Schouten, MJ; Wilson, JH, 1983) |
| "Glycine was used in the first clinical trial, and D-cycloserine was used in the second one." | 2.90 | Targeted Treatment of Individuals With Psychosis Carrying a Copy Number Variant Containing a Genomic Triplication of the Glycine Decarboxylase Gene. ( Anderson, T; Bodkin, JA; Carvalho, CMB; Coleman, MJ; Coyle, JT; Fialkowski, A; Godfrey, LJ; Goff, DC; Grochowski, CM; Hebbring, S; Hudson, JI; Javitt, DC; Kaufman, MJ; Kirchhoff, C; Levy, DL; Lewandowski, KE; Lupski, JR; Malhotra, D; McCarthy, S; Morgan, CJ; Öngür, D; Rodriguez, SB; Rudolph, U; Rujescu, D; Sebat, J; Siegel, AJ; Suckow, RF; Visscher, T; Vuckovic, A; Waldstreicher, E; Weinshilboum, R, 2019) |
Research
Studies (21)
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 7 (33.33) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 2 (9.52) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 6 (28.57) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 5 (23.81) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (4.76) | 2.80 |
Authors
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Hashimoto, K | 1 |
| Loureiro, CM | 1 |
| da Roza, DL | 1 |
| Corsi-Zuelli, F | 1 |
| Shuhama, R | 1 |
| Fachim, HA | 1 |
| Simões-Ambrosio, LMC | 1 |
| Deminice, R | 1 |
| Jordão, AA | 1 |
| Menezes, PR | 1 |
| Del-Ben, CM | 1 |
| Louzada-Junior, P | 1 |
| Greenwood, LM | 1 |
| Leung, S | 1 |
| Michie, PT | 1 |
| Green, A | 1 |
| Nathan, PJ | 1 |
| Fitzgerald, P | 1 |
| Johnston, P | 1 |
| Solowij, N | 1 |
| Kulkarni, J | 1 |
| Croft, RJ | 1 |
| Javitt, DC | 4 |
| Bodkin, JA | 1 |
| Coleman, MJ | 1 |
| Godfrey, LJ | 1 |
| Carvalho, CMB | 1 |
| Morgan, CJ | 1 |
| Suckow, RF | 1 |
| Anderson, T | 1 |
| Öngür, D | 1 |
| Kaufman, MJ | 1 |
| Lewandowski, KE | 1 |
| Siegel, AJ | 1 |
| Waldstreicher, E | 1 |
| Grochowski, CM | 1 |
| Rujescu, D | 1 |
| Hebbring, S | 1 |
| Weinshilboum, R | 1 |
| Rodriguez, SB | 1 |
| Kirchhoff, C | 1 |
| Visscher, T | 1 |
| Vuckovic, A | 1 |
| Fialkowski, A | 1 |
| McCarthy, S | 1 |
| Malhotra, D | 1 |
| Sebat, J | 1 |
| Goff, DC | 1 |
| Hudson, JI | 1 |
| Lupski, JR | 1 |
| Coyle, JT | 1 |
| Rudolph, U | 1 |
| Levy, DL | 1 |
| Manahan-Vaughan, D | 1 |
| Wildförster, V | 1 |
| Thomsen, C | 1 |
| Woods, SW | 1 |
| Walsh, BC | 1 |
| Hawkins, KA | 1 |
| Miller, TJ | 1 |
| Saksa, JR | 1 |
| D'Souza, DC | 1 |
| Pearlson, GD | 1 |
| McGlashan, TH | 1 |
| Krystal, JH | 1 |
| PARK, LC | 1 |
| BALDESSARINI, RJ | 1 |
| KETY, SS | 1 |
| Heresco-Levy, U | 2 |
| Sumiyoshi, T | 1 |
| Anil, AE | 1 |
| Jin, D | 1 |
| Jayathilake, K | 1 |
| Lee, M | 1 |
| Meltzer, HY | 1 |
| Johnson, MP | 1 |
| Barda, D | 1 |
| Britton, TC | 1 |
| Emkey, R | 1 |
| Hornback, WJ | 1 |
| Jagdmann, GE | 1 |
| McKinzie, DL | 1 |
| Nisenbaum, ES | 1 |
| Tizzano, JP | 1 |
| Schoepp, DD | 1 |
| Bakker, PR | 1 |
| van Harten, PN | 1 |
| van Os, J | 1 |
| Buchanan, RW | 1 |
| Marder, SR | 1 |
| Schooler, NR | 1 |
| Gold, JM | 1 |
| McMahon, RP | 1 |
| Carpenter, WT | 1 |
| Pepplinkhuizen, L | 3 |
| Bruinvels, J | 3 |
| Blom, W | 1 |
| Moleman, P | 1 |
| Waziri, R | 3 |
| Wilcox, J | 2 |
| Sherman, AD | 1 |
| Mott, J | 2 |
| Deutsch, SI | 1 |
| Stanley, M | 1 |
| Peselow, ED | 1 |
| Banay-Schwartz, M | 1 |
| Schouten, MJ | 1 |
| Wilson, JH | 1 |
| Devor, EJ | 1 |
| Karcz-Kubicha, M | 1 |
| Wedzony, K | 1 |
| Zajaczkowski, W | 1 |
| Danysz, W | 1 |
| Sherman, A | 1 |
Clinical Trials (6)
Trial Overview
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pilot Study of Glycine Augmentation in Carriers of a Mutation in the Gene Encoding Glycine Decarboxylase[NCT01720316] | Phase 2 | 2 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2012-12-10 | Completed | ||
| Targeting a Genetic Mutation in Glycine Metabolism With D-cycloserine[NCT02304432] | Early Phase 1 | 2 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2015-09-27 | Completed | ||
| Glycine Treatment of Prodromal Symptoms[NCT00268749] | Phase 2 | 10 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2002-07-31 | Completed | ||
| Glycine vs Placebo for the Schizophrenia Prodrome[NCT00291226] | Phase 2/Phase 3 | 8 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2006-03-31 | Completed | ||
| Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST)[NCT00222235] | Phase 2/Phase 3 | 240 participants | Interventional | 2000-01-31 | Completed | ||
| Acute Glycine Pharmacodynamic Study[NCT01610011] | 21 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2010-07-31 | Completed | |||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
Trial Outcomes
Auditory Evoked Potentials - P50 Ratio (P50 S2/P50 S1 Amplitude) at 1) BASELINE - Pre-glycine Treatment and 2) IN WEEK 6 OF GLYCINE TREATMENT
Auditory evoked potentials amplitude: P50 ratio (S2/S1). Participants were assessed at baseline and in week 6 of open-label glycine treatment. (NCT01720316)
Timeframe: Recordings at baseline and week 6 of glycine
| Intervention | ratio (Number) |
|---|---|
| Auditory ERPs Amplitude (Deg) Baseline: Subject 2 | 44.51 |
| Auditory ERPs Amplitude (Deg) 6 Weeks of Glycine: Subject 2 | 35.67 |
Auditory Evoked Potentials in Amplitude (Degrees Measured in Microvolts) at 1) BASELINE - Pre-glycine Treatment and 2) IN WEEK 6 OF GLYCINE TREATMENT
Auditory evoked potentials amplitude: P300 at fz, cz, and pz; N100 at fz and cz; P200 at fz and cz; P50 S1 and S2 amplitude; mismatch negativity (MMN) at fz and cz. Participants were assessed at baseline and in week 6 of open-label glycine treatment. (NCT01720316)
Timeframe: Recordings at baseline and week 6 of glycine
| Intervention | microvolts (Number) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P300 amplitude at fz | P300 amplitude at cz | P300 amplitude at pz | N100 amplitude at fz | N100 amplitude at cz | P200 amplitude at fz | P200 amplitude at cz | P50 S1 amplitude | P50 S2 amplitude | MMN amplitude at fz | MMN amplitude at cz | |
| Auditory ERPs Amplitude (Deg) 6 Weeks of Glycine: Subject 2 | 3.74 | 6.6 | 5.57 | -4.71 | -3.89 | 6.29 | 7.8 | 2.2 | 0.78 | -1.004 | -1.322 |
| Auditory ERPs Amplitude (Deg) Baseline: Subject 2 | -0.635 | 6.53 | 5.34 | -3.93 | -3.62 | 1.662 | 6.59 | 2.76 | 1.23 | -3.356 | -4.13 |
Auditory Evoked Potentials in Gammas Oscillations (the Power Spectrum is Measured in Microvolts Squared) at 1) BASELINE - Pre-glycine Treatment and 2) IN WEEK 6 OF GLYCINE TREATMENT
Auditory evoked potentials gamma: G40 hz phase locking at fz and cz; G20 hz phase locking response at fz and cz G30 hz phase locking response at fz and cz. Participants were assessed at baseline and in week 6 of open-label glycine treatment. (NCT01720316)
Timeframe: Recordings at baseline and week 6 of glycine
| Intervention | microvolts squared (Number) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G40 fz | G40 cz | G20 fz | G20 cz | G30 fz | G30 cz | |
| Auditory ERPs Gamma 6 Weeks of Glycine: Subject 2 | 0.255 | 0.29 | 0.107 | 0.108 | 0.177 | 0.242 |
| Auditory ERPs Gamma Baseline: Subject 2 | 0.135 | 0.168 | 0.023 | 0.03 | 0.19 | 0.163 |
Auditory Evoked Potentials in Latency (Msec) at BASELINE - Pre-glycine Treatment and 2) IN WEEK 6 OF TREATMENT WITH GLYCINE
Auditory evoked potentials latency: P300 at fz, cz, and pz); N100 at fz and cz); P200 at fz and cz. Participants were assessed at baseline and in week of open-label glycine treatment. (NCT01720316)
Timeframe: Recordings at baseline and week 6 of glycine
| Intervention | msec (Number) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P300 latency at fz | P300 latency at cz | P300 latency at pz | N100 latency at fz | N100 latency at cz | P200 latency at fz | P200 latency at cz | |
| Auditory ERPs Latency (ms) 6 Weeks of Glycine: Subject 2 | 300.78 | 293 | 294.92 | 94 | 94 | 205 | 203 |
| Auditory ERPs Latency (ms) Baseline: Subject 2 | 279.3 | 279.3 | 279.3 | 97.66 | 91.8 | 197.27 | 193.4 |
Brain GABA Metabolite Levels (GABA/Creatine Ratio: GABA/Cr) at 1) BASELINE - Pre-glycine Treatment and 2) IN WEEK 6 OF GLYCINE TREATMENT
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy GABA/Cr. Participants were assessed 1) pre-glycine treatment (baseline) and 2) in week 6 of open-label glycine treatment measured in posterior occipital cortex. (NCT01720316)
Timeframe: Baseline and week 6 of glycine
| Intervention | ratio (Number) | |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline GABA/Cr | Week 6 of glycine tx GABA/Cr | |
| Subject1: Brain GABA/CR Ratio- Baseline/Week 6 of Glycine | 0.16 | 0.22 |
| Subject2: Brain GABA/CR Ratio- Baseline/Week 6 of Glycine | 0.27 | 0.24 |
Brain Glutamate Metabolite Levels (Glutamate/Creatine Ratio: Glu/Cr) at 1) BASELINE - Pre-glycine Treatment and 2) IN WEEK 6 OF GLYCINE TREATMENT
magnetic resonance spectroscopy - glutamate metabolite level. Participants were assessed 1) pre-glycine treatment and in week 6 of open-label glycine treatment. Measured in posterior occipital cortex. (NCT01720316)
Timeframe: baseline and week 6 of glycine
| Intervention | ratio (Number) | |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline brain glutamate/Cr ratio | Week 6 brain glutamate/Cr ratio | |
| Subject1: Brain Glutamate/CR Ratio- Baseline/Week 6 of Glycine | 0.98 | 0.84 |
| Subject2: Brain Glutamate/CR Ratio- Baseline/Week 6 of Glycine | 2.053 | 1.13 |
Brain Glycine/CR Ratio
magnetic resonance spectroscopy: glycine/creatine ratio. Participants were assessed at 1) BASELINE PRE-GLYCINE TREATMENT: pre-glycine challenge drink, 60 minutes post challenge drink, 80 minutes post challenge drink, 100 minutes post challenge drink, and 120 minutes post challenge drink (0.4 g/kg up to max of 30 g); and 2) IN WEEK 6 OF OPEN-LABEL GLYCINE TREATMENT: pre-glycine dose, and 60 minutes, 80 minutes, 100 minutes and 120 minutes post daily dose of glycine. Measured in posterior occipital cortex (NCT01720316)
Timeframe: baseline (pre-challenge, 60, 80, 100, 120 minutes post-challenge), and week 6 of glycine (pre-dose and 60, 80, 100, 120 minutes post-dose
| Intervention | ratio (Number) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline - pre-challenge drink | Baseline 60 minutes post challenge drink | Baseline 80 minutes post challenge drink | Baseline 100 minutes post challenge drink | Baseline 120 minutes post challenge drink | Week 6 of glycine - pre-glycine dose | Week 6 of glycine - 60 minutes post glycine dose | Week 6 of glycine - 80 minutes post glycine dose | Week 6 of glycine - 100 minutes post glycine dose | Week 6 of glycine - 120 minutes post glycine dose | |
| Subject 2:Brain Glycine/CR Ratio at Baseline/Week 6 of Glycine | 0.5691 | 0.3918 | 0.6428 | 0.6363 | 0.9559 | 0.3235 | 0.3807 | 0.5591 | 0.4142 | 0.3545 |
| Subject1: Brain Glycine/CR Ratio at Baseline/Week 6 of Glycine | 0.2558 | 0.6157 | 0.6631 | 0.5938 | 0.6953 | 0.6573 | 0.2983 | 0.4577 | 0.5751 | 0.3842 |
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) Scores at Baseline and at 2 Weeks, 4 Weeks, and 6 Weeks Positive and Negative Symptom Scores at Baseline and at 2, 4, and 6 Weeks During Intervention 1, Intervention 2, and During Open-label Glycine
Total BPRS score measures severity of 18 psychiatric symptoms. Each symptom is scored 1-7 with the total score ranging from 18-126. 18 means no symptoms and 126 means very severe symptoms. (NCT01720316)
Timeframe: baseline and at 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks within and after each treatment period
| Intervention | units on a scale (Number) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BPRS at baseline | BPRS at 2 weeks intervention 1 | BPRS at 4 weeks intervention 1 | BPRS at 6 weeks intervention 1 | BPRS, end of washout1 | BPRS at 2 weeks intervention 2 | BPRS at 4 weeks intervention 2 | BPRS at 6 weeks intervention 2 | BPRS, end of washout2 | BPRS at 2 weeks open label | BPRS at 4 weeks open label | BPRS at 6 weeks open label | BPRS, end of washout3 | |
| Glycine, Then Placebo | 39 | 38 | 32 | 21 | 22 | 37 | 31 | 37 | 32 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 19 |
| Placebo, Then Glycine | 46 | 38 | 39 | 28 | 34 | 32 | 20 | 23 | 24 | 20 | 18 | 19 | 23 |
Clinical Global Impression (CGI) Severity Scores at Baseline and at 2 Weeks, 4 Weeks, and 6 Weeks Within Each Treatment Period
Clinical Global Impression (CGI) severity scores measure severity of mental illness on a scale of 1-7 where 1 means normal, not at all ill, 2 means borderline mentally ill, 3 means mildly ill, 4 means moderately ill, 5 means markedly ill, 6 means severely ill and 7 means among the most extremely ill patients. (NCT01720316)
Timeframe: CGI at baseline and at 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks per treatment period
| Intervention | units on a scale (Number) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CGI severity score at baseline | CGI severity score at 2 weeks intervention 1 | CGI severity score at 4 weeks intervention 1 | CGI severity score at 6 weeks intervention 1 | CGI severity score, end of washout1 | CGI severity score at 2 weeks intervention 2 | CGI severity score at 4 weeks intervention 2 | CGI severity score at 6 weeks intervention 2 | CGI severity score, end of washout2 | CGI severity score at 2 weeks open label | CGI severity score at 4 weeks open label | CGI severity score at 6 weeks open label | CGI severity score, end of washout3 | |
| Glycine, Then Placebo | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 |
| Placebo, Then Glycine | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 |
Clinical Global Impression (CGI) Therapeutic Effect Scores at 2 Weeks, 4 Weeks, and 6 Weeks Within Each Treatment Period
Clinical Global Impression (CGI) therapeutic effect scores measure degree of improvement as marked (1), moderate (5), minimal (9) or unchanged/worse (13). (NCT01720316)
Timeframe: at 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks within each treatment period
| Intervention | score (Number) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CGI therapeutic effect at 2 weeks intervention 1 | CGI therapeutic effect at 4 weeks intervention 1 | CGI therapeutic effect at 6 weeks intervention 1 | CGI therapeutic effect, end of washout1 | CGI therapeutic effect at 2 weeks intervention 2 | CGI therapeutic effect at 4 weeks intervention 2 | CGI therapeutic effect at 6 weeks intervention 2 | CGI therapeutic effect, end of washout2 | CGI therapeutic effect at 2 weeks open label | CGI therapeutic effect at 4 weeks open label | CGI therapeutic effect at 6 weeks open label | CGI therapeutic effect, end of washout3 | |
| Glycine, Then Placebo | 13 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 |
| Placebo, Then Glycine | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 13 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Depression Symptom Scores at Baseline and at 2 Weeks, 4 Weeks, and 6 Weeks Within Each Treatment Period
Hamilton Depression Scale measures severity of depression symptoms. The sum of ratings for 9 depression symptoms are measured on a scale from 0-2 with 0 meaning no symptoms and 2 meaning some level of severity of that specific symptom. The rating for 1 depression symptom is measured on a scale from 0-3 with 0 meaning no symptoms and 3 meaning a severe level of that specific symptom. The sum of ratings for 11 depression symptoms are measured on a scale from 0-4 with 0 meaning no symptoms and 4 meaning a severe level of that specific symptom. The three sums are added to produce an overall depression rating scale score ranging from 0-65. (NCT01720316)
Timeframe: baseline and at 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks within each treatment period
| Intervention | units on a scale (Number) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depression symptoms at baseline | Depression symptoms at 2 weeks intervention 1 | Depression symptoms at 4 weeks intervention 1 | Depression symptoms at 6 weeks intervention 1 | Depression symptoms, end of washout1 | Depression symptoms at 2 weeks intervention 2 | Depression symptoms at 4 weeks intervention 2 | Depression symptoms at 6 weeks intervention 2 | Depression symptoms, end of washout2 | Depression symptoms at 2 weeks open label | Depression symptoms at 4 weeks open label | Depression symptoms at 6 weeks open label | Depression symptoms, end of washout3 | |
| Glycine, Then Placebo | 18 | 17 | 11 | 3 | 1 | 19 | 5 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| Placebo, Then Glycine | 12 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Glycine Plasma Amino Acid Levels at Baseline, During Glycine Treatment, During Placebo Treatment and During Open-label Glycine
Plasma glycine levels; normal range is 122-467 nM/mL (NCT01720316)
Timeframe: At baseline, during glycine treatment, during placebo treatment and during open-label glycine
| Intervention | nM/mL (Number) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Glycine double-blind | Placebo | Glycine open-label | |
| Glycine Then Placebo | 216 | 410 | 194 | 516 |
| Placebo Then Glycine | 271 | 761 | 347 | 634 |
Mania Symptom Scores at Baseline and at 2 Weeks, 4 Weeks, and 6 Weeks Within Each Treatment Period
Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) measures severity of manic symptoms. The sum of ratings for 7 symptoms of mania is measured on a scale from 0-4 and the sum of 4 symptoms of mania is measured on a scale from 0-8 to yield a total score ranging from 0-60, with 0 meaning no manic symptoms and 60 meaning severe manic symptoms. (NCT01720316)
Timeframe: baseline and at 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks within each treatment period
| Intervention | units on a scale (Number) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manic symptoms at baseline | Manic symptoms at 2 weeks intervention 1 | Manic symptoms at 4 weeks intervention 1 | Manic symptoms at 6 weeks intervention 1 | Manic symptoms, end of washout1 | Manic symptoms at 2 weeks intervention 2 | Manic symptoms at 4 weeks intervention 2 | Manic symptoms at 6 weeks intervention 2 | Manic symptoms, end of washout2 | Manic symptoms at 2 weeks open label | Manic symptoms at 4 weeks open label | Manic symptoms at 6 weeks open label | Manic symptoms, end of washout3 | |
| Glycine, Then Placebo | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Placebo, Then Glycine | 7 | 7 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Neurocognitive Function at Baseline, During Glycine Treatment, During Placebo Treatment and During Open-label Glycine
Scores on each of 8 domains of cognitive function (speed of processing, attention/vigilance, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning, reasoning/problem solving, social cognition, overall composite). Scores are T scores ranging from 0-100, with 50 representing the mean for a population based on a normal distribution; standard deviation of 10. Only overall composite score is entered. (NCT01720316)
Timeframe: At baseline, during glycine treatment, during placebo treatment and during open-label glycine
| Intervention | units on a scale (Number) | |
|---|---|---|
| Participant 1 | Participant 2 | |
| Baseline | 45 | 48 |
| Composite Score on Glycine, Double-blind | 52 | 52 |
| Composite Score on Glycine, Open-label | 49 | 46 |
| Composite Score on Placebo | 52 | 55 |
Positive and Negative Symptom Scores at Baseline and at 2 Weeks, 4 Weeks, and 6 Weeks During Intervention 1 (Glycine or Placebo), Intervention 2 (Glycine or Placebo), and During Open-label Glycine
Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) measures positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The sum of ratings for seven positive symptoms are measured on a scale from 7-49 with 7 meaning no symptoms and 49 meaning severe symptoms. (NCT01720316)
Timeframe: baseline and at 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks within each treatment period and after each treatment period
| Intervention | units on a scale (Number) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive symptoms at baseline | Positive symptoms at 2 weeks intervention 1 | Positive symptoms at 4 weeks intervention 1 | Positive symptoms at 6 weeks intervention 1 | Positive symptoms, end of washout1 | Positive symptoms at 2 weeks intervention 2 | Positive symptoms at 4 weeks intervention 2 | Positive symptoms at 6 weeks intervention 2 | Positive symptoms, end of washout2 | Positive symptoms at 2 weeks open label | Positive symptoms at 4 weeks open label | Positive symptoms at 6 weeks open label | Positive symptoms, end of washout3 | |
| Glycine, Then Placebo | 13 | 12 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 12 | 11 | 14 | 14 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 7 |
| Placebo, Then Glycine | 19 | 20 | 19 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 8 |
Auditory Evoked Potentials - P50 Ratio (P50 S2/S1) (Amplitude)
Auditory evoked potential amplitude: P50 ratio (P50 S2/S1) (NCT02304432)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 8 of DCS treatment
| Intervention | ratio (Number) | |
|---|---|---|
| P50 ratio: Baseline | P50 ratio: Week 8 of DCS | |
| First Open Label DCS | 44.51 | 30 |
Auditory Evoked Potentials in Amplitude (Degrees Measured in Microvolts)
Auditory evoked potential amplitude: P300 at fz, cz, and pz; N100 at fz and cz; P200 at fz and cz; P50 S1 and S2; mismatch negativity (MMN) at fz and cz. (NCT02304432)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 8 of DCS treatment
| Intervention | microvolts (Number) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P300 at fz: Baseline | P300 at cz: Baseline | P300 at pz: Baseline | N100 at fz: Baseline | N100 at cz: Baseline | P200 at fz: Baseline | P200 at cz: Baseline | P50 S1: Baseline | P50 S2: Baseline | MMN at fz: Baseline | MMN at cz: Baseline | P300 at fz: Week 8 of DCS | P300 at cz: Week 8 of DCS | P300 at pz: Week 8 of DCS | N100 at fz: Week 8 of DCS | N100 at cz: Week 8 of DCS | P200 at fz: Week 8 of DCS | P200 at cz: Week 8 of DCS | P50 S1: Week 8 of DCS | P50 S2: Week 8 of DCS | MMN at fz: Week 8 of DCS | MMN at cz: Week 8 of DCS | |
| First Open Label DCS | -0.635 | 6.529 | 5.340 | -3.926 | -3.615 | 1.662 | 6.591 | 2.759 | 1.23 | -3.356 | -4.130 | 3.030 | 6.810 | 6.620 | -3.260 | -3.940 | 8.200 | 8.160 | 1.36 | 0.4 | -3.330 | -1.540 |
Auditory Evoked Potentials in Gamma Oscillations (the Power Spectrum is Measured in Microvolts Squared)
Auditory evoked potential gamma: G40 hz phase locking at fz and cz; G30 hz phase locking at fz and cz; G20 hz phase locking at fz and cz (NCT02304432)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 8 of DCS treatment
| Intervention | microvolts squared (Number) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G40 hz phase locking at fz: Baseline | G40 hz phase locking at cz: Baseline | G30 hz phase locking at fz: Baseline | G30 hz phase locking at cz: Baseline | G20 hz phase locking at fz: Baseline | G20 hz phase locking at cz: Baseline | G40 hz phase locking at fz: Week 8 of DCS | G40 hz phase locking at cz: Week 8 of DCS | G30 hz phase locking at fz: Week 8 of DCS | G30 hz phase locking at cz: Week 8 of DCS | G20 hz phase locking at fz: Week 8 of DCS | G20 hz phase locking at cz: Week 8 of DCS | |
| First Open Label DCS | 0.135 | 0.168 | 0.190 | 0.163 | 0.023 | 0.030 | 0.344 | 0.381 | 0.168 | 0.19 | 0.01 | -0.01 |
Auditory Evoked Potentials in Latency (Msec)
Auditory evoked potential latency: P300 at fz, cz, and pz; N100 at fz and cz; P200 at fz and cz. (NCT02304432)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 8 of DCS treatment
| Intervention | msec (Number) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P300 at fz: Baseline | P300 at cz: Baseline | P300 at pz: Baseline | N100 at fz: Baseline | N100 at cz: Baseline | P200 at fz: Baseline | P200 at cz: Baseline | P300 at fz: Week 8 of DCS | P300 at cz: Week 8 of DCS | P300 at pz: Week 8 of DCS | N100 at fz: Week 8 of DCS | N100 at cz: Week 8 of DCS | P200 at fz: Week 8 of DCS | P200 at cz: Week 8 of DCS | |
| First Open Label DCS | 279.297 | 279.297 | 279.297 | 97.656 | 91.797 | 197.266 | 193.359 | 294.920 | 294.000 | 294 | 87.9 | 88.000 | 212.890 | 212.000 |
Brain Glycine/CR Ratio
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 4T: brain glycine/CR ratio. Participants were assessed at baseline (pre-glycine challenge dose and 60, 80, 100 and 120 minutes post glycine dose) and in week 8 of of open-label DCS treatment: pre-DCS dose, and 60, 80, 100 and 120 minutes post DCS dose. Measured in posterior occipital cortex. (NCT02304432)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 8 of DCS treatment
| Intervention | ratio (Median) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Baseline at 60 minutes | Baseline at 80 minutes | Baseline at 100 minutes | Baseline at 120 minutes | Week 8 of DCS: Baseline | Week 8 of DCS: 60 minutes | Week 8 of DCS: 80 minutes | Week 8 of DCS: 100 minutes | Week 8 of DCS: 120 minutes | |
| Open Label DCS | 0.41245 | 0.50375 | 0.65295 | 0.61505 | 0.8256 | 0.10977 | 0.248885 | 0.32609 | 0.32052 | 0.312155 |
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) Scores
Total BPRS score measures severity of 18 psychiatric symptoms. Each symptom is scored 1-7 with the total score ranging from 18-126. 18 means no symptoms and 126 means very severe symptoms. (NCT02304432)
Timeframe: Baseline & at 2, 4, 6 & 8 Weeks during open-label phase 1 and every 2 weeks up to 24 weeks during open label phase 2
| Intervention | units on a scale (Median) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline BPRS | 2 weeks BPRS | 4 weeks BPRS | 6 weeks BPRS | 8 weeks BPRS | 10 weeks BPRS | 12 weeks BPRS | 14 weeks BPRS | 16 weeks BPRS | 18 weeks BPRS | 20 weeks BPRS | 22 weeks BPRS | 24 weeks BPRS | |
| First Open Label DCS | 37 | 25 | 26 | 24 | 24.5 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Second Open Label DCS | 31.5 | 30.5 | 28 | 25.5 | 26 | 26.5 | 26 | 25.5 | 28.5 | 27 | 25 | 24.5 | 26.5 |
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) Scores
Total BPRS score measures severity of 18 psychiatric symptoms. Each symptom is scored 1-7 with the total score ranging from 18-126. 18 means no symptoms and 126 means very severe symptoms. (NCT02304432)
Timeframe: Baseline, 2, 4, & 6 weeks (crossover periods)
| Intervention | units on a scale (Number) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline BPRS for first intervention | 2 weeks BPRS for first intervention | 4 weeks BPRS for first intervention | 6 weeks BPRS for first intervention | Baseline BPRS for second intervention | 2 weeks BPRS for second intervention | 4 weeks BPRS for second intervention | 6 weeks BPRS for second intervention | |
| DCS First, Then Placebo | 26 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 39 | 45 | 45 | 38 |
| Placebo First, Then DCS | 29 | 35 | 33 | 35 | 36 | 30 | 27 | 28 |
Clinical Global Impression (CGI) Severity Scores
CGI severity scores measure severity of mental illness on a scale of 1-7 where 1 means normal, not at all ill, 2 means borderline mentally ill, 3 means mildly ill, 4 means moderately ill, 5 means markedly ill, 6 means severely ill and 7 means among the most extremely ill patients. (NCT02304432)
Timeframe: Baseline & at 2, 4, 6 & 8 Weeks during open-label phase 1 and every 2 weeks up to 24 weeks during open label phase 2
| Intervention | units on a scale (Median) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline CGI | 2 weeks CGI | 4 weeks CGI | 6 weeks CGI | 8 weeks CGI | 10 weeks CGI | 12 weeks CGI | 14 weeks CGI | 16 weeks CGI | 18 weeks CGI | 20 weeks CGI | 22 weeks CGI | 24 weeks CGI | |
| First Open Label DCS | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Second Open Label DCS | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 3 | 2.5 | 2 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
Clinical Global Impression (CGI) Severity Scores
CGI severity scores measure severity of mental illness on a scale of 1-7 where 1 means normal, not at all ill, 2 means borderline mentally ill, 3 means mildly ill, 4 means moderately ill, 5 means markedly ill, 6 means severely ill and 7 means among the most extremely ill patients. (NCT02304432)
Timeframe: Baseline, 2, 4, & 6 weeks (crossover periods)
| Intervention | units on a scale (Number) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline CGI for first intervention | 2 weeks CGI for first intervention | 4 weeks CGI for first intervention | 6 weeks CGI for first intervention | Baseline CGI for second intervention | 2 weeks CGI for second intervention | 4 weeks CGI for second intervention | 6 weeks CGI for second intervention | |
| DCS First, Then Placebo | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Placebo First, Then DCS | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Depression Symptom Scores
Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM) measures severity of depression symptoms. The sum of the ratings for 9 depression symptoms is measured on a scale of 0-2 with 0 meaning no depression symptoms and 2 meaning some level of severity of that specific symptom. The rating for one depression symptom is measured on a scale of 0-3 with 0 meaning no depression symptoms and 3 meaning a severe level of that specific symptom. The sum of ratings for 11 depression symptoms is measured on a scale of 0-4, with 0 meaning no symptoms and 4 meaning a severe level of that specific symptom. The three sums are added to produce an overall depression rating scale score ranging from 0-65. Higher scores indicate worse depression symptoms. (NCT02304432)
Timeframe: Baseline & at 2, 4, 6 & 8 Weeks during open-label phase 1 and every 2 weeks up to 24 weeks during open label phase 2
| Intervention | units on a scale (Median) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline HAM | 2 weeks HAM | 4 weeks HAM | 6 weeks HAM | 8 weeks HAM | 10 weeks HAM | 12 weeks HAM | 14 weeks HAM | 16 weeks HAM | 18 weeks HAM | 20 weeks HAM | 22 weeks HAM | 24 weeks HAM | |
| First Open Label DCS | 5 | 1.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 1.5 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Second Open Label DCS | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Depression Symptom Scores
Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM) measures severity of depression symptoms. The sum of the ratings for 9 depression symptoms is measured on a scale of 0-2 with 0 meaning no depression symptoms and 2 meaning some level of severity of that specific symptom. The rating for one depression symptom is measured on a scale of 0-3 with 0 meaning no depression symptoms and 3 meaning a severe level of that specific symptom. The sum of ratings for 11 depression symptoms is measured on a scale of 0-4, with 0 meaning no symptoms and 4 meaning a severe level of that specific symptom. The three sums are added to produce an overall depression rating scale score ranging from 0-65. Higher scores indicate worse depression symptoms. (NCT02304432)
Timeframe: Baseline, 2, 4, & 6 weeks (crossover periods)
| Intervention | units on a scale (Number) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline HAM for first intervention | 2 weeks HAM for first intervention | 4 weeks HAM for first intervention | 6 weeks HAM for first intervention | Baseline HAM for second intervention | 2 weeks HAM for second intervention | 4 weeks HAM for second intervention | 6 weeks HAM for second intervention | |
| DCS First, Then Placebo | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 9 | 2 |
| Placebo First, Then DCS | 4 | 5 | 2 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Mania Symptom Scores
Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) measures severity of manic symptoms. The sum of the ratings for 7 symptoms of mania is measured on a scale of 0-4 and the sumof 4 symptoms of mania is measured on a scale of 0-8 to yield a total score ranging from 0-60, with 0 meaning no manic symptoms and 60 meaning severe manic symptoms. (NCT02304432)
Timeframe: Baseline & at 2, 4, 6 & 8 Weeks during open-label phase 1 and every 2 weeks up to 24 weeks during open label phase 2
| Intervention | units on a scale (Median) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline YMRS | 2 weeks YMRS | 4 weeks YMRS | 6 weeks YMRS | 8 weeks YMRS | 10 weeks YMRS | 12 weeks YMRS | 14 weeks YMRS | 16 weeks YMRS | 18 weeks YMRS | 20 weeks YMRS | 22 weeks YMRS | 24 weeks YMRS | |
| First Open Label DCS | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Second Open Label DCS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Mania Symptom Scores
Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) measures severity of manic symptoms. The sum of the ratings for 7 symptoms of mania is measured on a scale of 0-4 and the sumof 4 symptoms of mania is measured on a scale of 0-8 to yield a total score ranging from 0-60, with 0 meaning no manic symptoms and 60 meaning severe manic symptoms. (NCT02304432)
Timeframe: Baseline, 2, 4, & 6 weeks (crossover periods)
| Intervention | units on a scale (Number) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline YMRS for first intervention | 2 weeks YMRS for first intervention | 4 weeks YMRS for first intervention | 6 weeks YMRS for first intervention | Baseline YMRS for second intervention | 2 weeks YMRS for second intervention | 4 weeks YMRS for second intervention | 6 weeks YMRS for second intervention | |
| DCS First, Then Placebo | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Placebo First, Then DCS | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Neurocognitive Function
Scores on each of 8 domains of cognitive function (speed of processing, attention/vigilance, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning, reasoning/problem solving, social cognition, overall composite). Scores are T scores ranging from 0-100, with 50 representing the mean for a population based on a normal distribution, standard deviation of 10. Higher scores signify better functioning. (NCT02304432)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 8 of open-label DCS treatment
| Intervention | T scores (Median) | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline Processing Speed | Baseline Attention/Vigilance | Baseline Working Memory | Baseline Verbal Learning | Baseline Visual Learning | Baseline Reasoning/Problem Solving | Baseline Social Cognition | Baseline Overall Composite Score | Week 8 of open-label DCS Processing Speed | Week 8 of open-label DCS Attention/Vigilance | Week 8 of open-label DCS Working Memory | Week 8 of open-label DCS Verbal Learning | Week 8 of open-label DCS Visual Learning | Week 8 of open-label DCS Reasoning/Problem Solving | Week 8 of open-label DCS Social Cognition | Week 8 of open-label DCS Overall Composite Score | |
| Open Label DCS | 48.5 | 44.5 | 38.5 | 54 | 50.5 | 52.5 | 48 | 46.5 | 52.5 | 47.5 | 50.5 | 43.5 | 54.5 | 66.5 | 44.5 | 51.5 |
Positive and Negative Symptom Scores
Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) measures positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The sum of ratings for seven positive symptoms is measured on a scale from 7-49 with 7 meaning no symptoms and 49 meaning severe symptoms.The sum of ratings for seven negative symptoms is measured on a scale from 7-49 with 7 meaning no symptoms and 49 meaning severe symptoms. (NCT02304432)
Timeframe: Baseline & at 2, 4, 6 & 8 Weeks during open-label phase 1 and every 2 weeks up to 24 weeks during open label phase 2
| Intervention | units on a scale (Median) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline positive | Baseline negative | 2 weeks positive | 2 weeks negative | 4 weeks positive | 4 weeks negative | 6 weeks positive | 6 weeks negative | 8 weeks positive | 8 weeks negative | 10 weeks positive | 10 weeks negative | 12 weeks positive | 12 weeks negative | 14 weeks positive | 14 weeks negative | 16 weeks positive | 16 weeks negative | 18 weeks positive | 18 weeks negative | 20 weeks positive | 20 weeks negative | 22 weeks positive | 22 weeks negative | 24 weeks positive | 24 weeks negative | |
| First Open Label DCS | 14.5 | 14.5 | 10 | 12 | 10.5 | 12 | 9 | 12 | 9 | 12 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Second Open Label DCS | 11 | 14 | 11 | 14 | 10.5 | 13.5 | 9 | 13 | 9.5 | 12 | 10.5 | 13 | 11 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 10.5 | 12 | 10.5 | 12 | 10.5 | 12 | 9.5 | 12 | 10 | 12 |
Positive and Negative Symptom Scores
Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) measures positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The sum of ratings for seven positive symptoms is measured on a scale from 7-49 with 7 meaning no symptoms and 49 meaning severe symptoms.The sum of ratings for seven negative symptoms is measured on a scale from 7-49 with 7 meaning no symptoms and 49 meaning severe symptoms. (NCT02304432)
Timeframe: Baseline, 2, 4, & 6 weeks (crossover periods)
| Intervention | units on a scale (Number) | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline positive for first intervention | Baseline negative symptoms for first intervention | 2 weeks positive for first intervention | 2 weeks negative for first intervention | 4 weeks positive for first intervention | 4 weeks negative for first intervention | 6 weeks positive for first intervention | 6 weeks negative for first intervention | Baseline positive for second intervention | Baseline negative for second intervention | 2 weeks positive for second intervention | 2 weeks negative for second intervention | 4 weeks positive for second intervention | 4 weeks negative for second intervention | 6 weeks positive for second intervention | 6 weeks negative for second intervention | |
| DCS First, Then Placebo | 10 | 15 | 10 | 15 | 10 | 15 | 10 | 15 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 14 | 18 |
| Placebo First, Then DCS | 11 | 9 | 12 | 15 | 11 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 10 | 11 | 9 | 11 | 9 | 11 |
Change in Scale of Prodromal Symptoms Total Score
Scale Of Prodromal Symptoms (SOPS) is a 19-item instrument. The SOPS is comprised of symptoms that are classified as falling into four pathology domains: positive, negative, disorganized and general. The scales identify and measure five attenuated positive psychotic symptoms, six negative symptoms, four disorganization symptoms and four general symptoms. These seven-point scales cover severity variance in the subpsychotic or attenuated range. Each item is scaled 0-6, with 0-2 being the normal range, 3-5 being the risk syndrome range, and 6 being severe and psychotic for the positive symptoms and very severe for the other symptoms. The higher the score, the more symptoms an individual has and is therefore negative in its interpretation. The severity of the prodromal state is judged according to the sum of the ratings from each of the SOPS items and can range from 0 to 114. Actual SOPS total scores in this study ranged from 23 to 59 across subjects at baseline. (NCT00291226)
Timeframe: Change from Baseline at 8 Weeks
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Glycine | -5.8 |
| Placebo Group | 4.5 |
Scale of Prodromal Symptoms Total Score
Scale Of Prodromal Symptoms (SOPS) is a 19-item instrument. The SOPS is comprised of symptoms that are classified as falling into four pathology domains: positive, negative, disorganized and general. The scales identify and measure five attenuated positive psychotic symptoms, six negative symptoms, four disorganization symptoms and four general symptoms. These seven-point scales cover severity variance in the subpsychotic or attenuated range. Each item is scaled 0-6, with 0-2 being the normal range, 3-5 being the risk syndrome range, and 6 being severe and psychotic for the positive symptoms and very severe for the other symptoms. The higher the score, the more symptoms an individual has and is therefore negative in its interpretation. The severity of the prodromal state is judged according to the sum of the ratings from each of the SOPS items and can range from 0 to 114. Actual SOPS total scores in this study ranged from 23 to 59 across subjects at baseline. (NCT00291226)
Timeframe: Baseline
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Glycine | 37.8 |
| Placebo Group | 37.5 |
Brain Glycine Increments After Oral Glycine Administration Measured With MRS as Glycine/Total Creatine, Normalized to the Glycine Dose Administered (g/kg).
Brain and plasma glycine levels are measured with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 4T and analytically, respectively. Because glycine doses were limited to 30 g to avoid nausea and vomiting, some subjects with higher weights were administered lower doses per body weight of glycine (g/kg). Therefore, we corrected MRS data by the actual glycine dose administered (g/kg) to account for dosing differences. (NCT01610011)
Timeframe: For up to 2 hours
| Intervention | Percent brain glycine/creatine increase (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Glycine Administration Controls | 393 |
| Glycine Administration GLDC Mutation Subjects | 677 |
Reviews
2 reviews available for glycine and Psychoses
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Glutamatergic neurotransmission modulation and the mechanisms of antipsychotic atypicality.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Aspartic Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Nerve Degeneration; Ne | 2003 |
Glycine: a possible role in lithium's action and affective illness.
Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Animals; Autistic Disorder; Bipolar Disorder; Brain Chemistry; | 1983 |
Trials
5 trials available for glycine and Psychoses
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
The effects of glycine on auditory mismatch negativity in schizophrenia.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Case-Control Studies; Contingent Negative Variati | 2018 |
Targeted Treatment of Individuals With Psychosis Carrying a Copy Number Variant Containing a Genomic Triplication of the Glycine Decarboxylase Gene.
Topics: Adult; Affective Disorders, Psychotic; DNA Copy Number Variations; Double-Blind Method; Drug Synergi | 2019 |
Targeted Treatment of Individuals With Psychosis Carrying a Copy Number Variant Containing a Genomic Triplication of the Glycine Decarboxylase Gene.
Topics: Adult; Affective Disorders, Psychotic; DNA Copy Number Variations; Double-Blind Method; Drug Synergi | 2019 |
Targeted Treatment of Individuals With Psychosis Carrying a Copy Number Variant Containing a Genomic Triplication of the Glycine Decarboxylase Gene.
Topics: Adult; Affective Disorders, Psychotic; DNA Copy Number Variations; Double-Blind Method; Drug Synergi | 2019 |
Targeted Treatment of Individuals With Psychosis Carrying a Copy Number Variant Containing a Genomic Triplication of the Glycine Decarboxylase Gene.
Topics: Adult; Affective Disorders, Psychotic; DNA Copy Number Variations; Double-Blind Method; Drug Synergi | 2019 |
Glycine treatment of the risk syndrome for psychosis: report of two pilot studies.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Metho | 2013 |
Glycine treatment of the risk syndrome for psychosis: report of two pilot studies.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Metho | 2013 |
Glycine treatment of the risk syndrome for psychosis: report of two pilot studies.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Metho | 2013 |
Glycine treatment of the risk syndrome for psychosis: report of two pilot studies.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Metho | 2013 |
Plasma glycine and serine levels in schizophrenia compared to normal controls and major depression: relation to negative symptoms.
Topics: Adult; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Glycine; Humans; Ma | 2004 |
The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST): the efficacy of glutamatergic agents for negative symptoms and cognitive impairments.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Cycloserine; Double-Blind Method; Excitatory Amino Acid Agen | 2007 |
The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST): the efficacy of glutamatergic agents for negative symptoms and cognitive impairments.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Cycloserine; Double-Blind Method; Excitatory Amino Acid Agen | 2007 |
The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST): the efficacy of glutamatergic agents for negative symptoms and cognitive impairments.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Cycloserine; Double-Blind Method; Excitatory Amino Acid Agen | 2007 |
The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST): the efficacy of glutamatergic agents for negative symptoms and cognitive impairments.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Cycloserine; Double-Blind Method; Excitatory Amino Acid Agen | 2007 |
The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST): the efficacy of glutamatergic agents for negative symptoms and cognitive impairments.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Cycloserine; Double-Blind Method; Excitatory Amino Acid Agen | 2007 |
The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST): the efficacy of glutamatergic agents for negative symptoms and cognitive impairments.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Cycloserine; Double-Blind Method; Excitatory Amino Acid Agen | 2007 |
The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST): the efficacy of glutamatergic agents for negative symptoms and cognitive impairments.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Cycloserine; Double-Blind Method; Excitatory Amino Acid Agen | 2007 |
The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST): the efficacy of glutamatergic agents for negative symptoms and cognitive impairments.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Cycloserine; Double-Blind Method; Excitatory Amino Acid Agen | 2007 |
The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST): the efficacy of glutamatergic agents for negative symptoms and cognitive impairments.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Cycloserine; Double-Blind Method; Excitatory Amino Acid Agen | 2007 |
The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST): the efficacy of glutamatergic agents for negative symptoms and cognitive impairments.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Cycloserine; Double-Blind Method; Excitatory Amino Acid Agen | 2007 |
The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST): the efficacy of glutamatergic agents for negative symptoms and cognitive impairments.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Cycloserine; Double-Blind Method; Excitatory Amino Acid Agen | 2007 |
The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST): the efficacy of glutamatergic agents for negative symptoms and cognitive impairments.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Cycloserine; Double-Blind Method; Excitatory Amino Acid Agen | 2007 |
The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST): the efficacy of glutamatergic agents for negative symptoms and cognitive impairments.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Cycloserine; Double-Blind Method; Excitatory Amino Acid Agen | 2007 |
The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST): the efficacy of glutamatergic agents for negative symptoms and cognitive impairments.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Cycloserine; Double-Blind Method; Excitatory Amino Acid Agen | 2007 |
The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST): the efficacy of glutamatergic agents for negative symptoms and cognitive impairments.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Cycloserine; Double-Blind Method; Excitatory Amino Acid Agen | 2007 |
The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST): the efficacy of glutamatergic agents for negative symptoms and cognitive impairments.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cognition Disorders; Cycloserine; Double-Blind Method; Excitatory Amino Acid Agen | 2007 |
Other Studies
14 other studies available for glycine and Psychoses
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Genomic Triplication of the Glycine Decarboxylase Gene and N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Hypofunction: Improvement by Glycine and D-Cycloserine.
Topics: Cycloserine; DNA Copy Number Variations; Genomics; Glycine; Glycine Dehydrogenase (Decarboxylating); | 2019 |
Plasma amino acids profile in first-episode psychosis, unaffected siblings and community-based controls.
Topics: Adult; Amino Acids; Antipsychotic Agents; Body Mass Index; Case-Control Studies; Cross-Sectional Stu | 2020 |
Excitatory Amino Acids in Schizophrenia: Both What You Have, and What You Do With Them.
Topics: Brain; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscop | 2018 |
Rescue of hippocampal LTP and learning deficits in a rat model of psychosis by inhibition of glycine transporter-1 (GlyT1).
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glycine; Gl | 2008 |
METHIONINE EFFECTS ON CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENICS: PATIENTS TREATED WITH MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS.
Topics: Biomedical Research; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy; Glycine; Iproniazid; Isocarboxazid; Mental Disord | 1965 |
Metabotropic glutamate 2 receptor potentiators: receptor modulation, frequency-dependent synaptic activity, and efficacy in preclinical anxiety and psychosis model(s).
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Cyclopropanes; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; | 2005 |
Antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia and the Ser9Gly polymorphism in the DRD3 gene: a meta analysis.
Topics: Alleles; Antipsychotic Agents; Chi-Square Distribution; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Female; Glycine; H | 2006 |
Schizophrenia-like psychosis caused by a metabolic disorder.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Glycine; Humans; Porphyria | 1980 |
Serine metabolism and psychosis.
Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; Diet; Glycine; Glycine Hydroxymethyltra | 1984 |
Serine and glycine-induced catalepsy in porphyric rats: an animal model for psychosis?
Topics: Allylisopropylacetamide; Aminolevulinic Acid; Animals; Catalepsy; Disease Models, Animal; Glycine; H | 1983 |
A familial/genetic study of plasma serine and glycine concentrations.
Topics: Dopamine; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamates; Glycine; Humans; Internal-External C | 1993 |
NMDA receptor antagonists acting at the glycineB site in rat models for antipsychotic-like activity.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Amphetamine; Animals; Antimetabolites; Antipsychotic Agents; Binding Si | 1999 |
Serine, glycine and carbohydrates in schizoaffective disorders.
Topics: Amino Acids; Dietary Carbohydrates; Glycine; Humans; Psychotic Disorders; Reference Values; Serine | 1986 |
Metabolism of an ingested serine load in psychotic and nonpsychotic subjects.
Topics: Age Factors; Glycine; Glycine Hydroxymethyltransferase; Humans; Leucine; Metabolic Clearance Rate; P | 1985 |