cefmenoxime and Cholelithiasis

cefmenoxime has been researched along with Cholelithiasis* in 4 studies

Other Studies

4 other study(ies) available for cefmenoxime and Cholelithiasis

ArticleYear
[Cefmenoxime transport into the bile, especially in the intra- and postoperative periods].
    The Japanese journal of antibiotics, 1987, Volume: 40, Issue:11

    Using 13 patients undergoing operation of the bile duct, cefmenoxime (CMX) transport into the bile and the gallbladder tissue was investigated. One gram of CMX was administered through drip infusion over 30 minutes every 12 hours. CMX concentration in bile was measured for samples surgically collected about 103 minutes (75-141 minutes) after the start of CMX administration. CMX concentrations in bile samples collected from gallbladder were found to be as high as 326.6 +/- 432.3 micrograms/ml in patients with neither jaundice nor cystic duct obstruction, indicating sufficient CMX transport. When cystic duct obstructions were present, CMX concentrations were very low, or moderately low if jaundice was also present. Changes in CMX concentration were then measured over 6 hours after administration in patients with an external biliary fistula every other day for a period of 7 days, from the first postoperation day. As for horal changes, CMX concentration reached its peak in 2 hours after the start of administration in most cases. Maximum CMX concentrations in patients without jaundice were high, ranging from 313.3 to 1,232.3 micrograms/ml (mean, 641.2 micrograms/ml), and CMX was found at 4.0-76.6 micrograms/ml (mean, 37.4 micrograms/ml), even after 6 hours. As for diurnal changes, CMX was determined to be sufficiently transported into the bile from the first postoperation day. Although CMX concentrations tended to be lower on the fifth postoperation day than on other days, there was no statistical significance in differences in daily concentrations examined. CMX concentrations in gallbladder tissues were determined to be 22.7 4/- 32.1 micrograms/g, and they decreased over time exponentially.

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Bile; Cefmenoxime; Cefotaxime; Cholecystectomy; Cholelithiasis; Female; Gallbladder; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative Period

1987
[Clinical studies on the transference of cephem-type antibiotics into bile and gallbladder tissues with special reference to cefotiam and cefmenoxime].
    The Japanese journal of antibiotics, 1986, Volume: 39, Issue:3

    Cefotiam (CTM) and cefmenoxime (CMX) were studied for their serum concentrations and transference into bile in patients with PTCD or T-tube. One gram of CTM or either 1 g or 2 g of CMX was administered by an intravenous drip infusion for over 30 minutes. These drugs were also studied for their serum concentrations, bile concentrations, and tissue concentrations in the walls of the gallbladder of patients operated on for cholelithiasis. Intravenous drip infusion (over 30 minutes) was used to administer 1 g of CTM or 1 g or 2 g CMX immediately before surgery. Both CTM and CMX were readily transferred into bile. Their bile concentrations, however, varied greatly among patients, and extremely low levels were detected in some patients. A crossover analysis of concentrations of CMX in bile of patients given doses of 1 g and 2 g revealed a dose-response relationship. The crossover analysis of drug concentrations in bile of patients given CTM and CMX showed that CMX is transferred more readily to bile. The relationship between liver functions and drug transfer to bile was examined by plotting the total bilirubin level against drug concentrations in bile. The plots formed an exponential curve with a correlation coefficient (r) being -0.52 in cases when each subjects received 1 g of CTM and -0.72 in cases when each subjects received 1 g of CMX. A study of 3 patients given CMX at a dose of 1 g suggested that bile levels of CMX may be correlated to ICG. Concentrations of CTM and CMX in tissues of the gallbladder wall were fairly high, with unexpectedly small variance among patients. Even in patients with low bile concentrations of these drugs, drug levels in the tissues of the gallbladder wall were high. Drug levels in the noninflammatory tissues were higher than those in inflammatory lesions. The above findings suggest that CTM should be the antibiotic of choice for patients with ordinary biliary tract infections and after the surgery of the liver and biliary tract system, while CMX should be the antibiotic of choice for patients with severe biliary tract infections, and for compromised hosts after the surgery of the liver and biliary tract system.

    Topics: Aged; Bacterial Infections; Bile; Cefmenoxime; Cefotaxime; Cefotiam; Cholelithiasis; Female; Gallbladder; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Surgical Wound Infection

1986
[A study on the penetration of cefmenoxime into bile and gallbladder tissues and the pathological changes of inflamed tissues].
    The Japanese journal of antibiotics, 1986, Volume: 39, Issue:9

    The penetration of cefmenoxime (CMX) into bile and gallbladder tissues was studied. A dose of 2 g CMX was given intravenously to each of patients with gallstones. Concentrations of CMX in the gallbladder tissues were 120.6 +/- 39.8 micrograms/g in normal tissues about 2 hours after the administration and 128.3 +/- 52.3 micrograms/g in inflamed tissues. The penetration of CMX into gallbladder tissue tended to decrease in proportion to the severity of inflammation, but the difference between the 2 groups, normal and inflamed tissues, were not statistically significant. The penetration of CMX into gallbladder tissue was presumed to increase in proportion to increase in the serum concentration of CMX. The result indicated that the achievement of high concentrations of CMX in the serum is important in the treatment of biliary tract diseases.

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Bile; Biliary Tract Diseases; Cefmenoxime; Cefotaxime; Cholecystitis; Cholelithiasis; Female; Gallbladder; Humans; Male; Middle Aged

1986
[Cefmenoxime concentrations in human blood, bile and gallbladder in administration before surgery].
    The Japanese journal of antibiotics, 1985, Volume: 38, Issue:8

    The pharmacokinetics of cefmenoxime (CMX) were studied in 13 patients with cholecystolithiasis, 6 male and 7 female, ranging from 27 to 69 years of age. All patients received a single intravenous dose of CMX 2 g given in a drip infusion over 30 minutes. The level of CMX in gallbladder tissues fell from 350 +/- 101 micrograms/g (mean concentrations, 2.7 hours after administration) to 68 +/- 13 micrograms/g by 7.2 hours. In bile, the mean concentrations of CMX, 2,595 +/- 624 micrograms/ml were reached at 2.7 hours after administration, and at 7.2 hours the mean concentrations were 103 +/- 60 micrograms/ml. In the study reported here, a single 2 g dose of CMX was administered intravenously, and high concentrations of CMX in gallbladder tissue and bile were reached at 2.7 hours after administration. These results suggested that the administration of CMX at about 2.5 hours before surgery might be most effective for prophylaxis.

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Bile; Cefmenoxime; Cefotaxime; Cholelithiasis; Female; Gallbladder; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Kinetics; Male; Middle Aged; Premedication

1985
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