Page last updated: 2024-10-31

apnea and Hypercapnia

apnea has been researched along with Hypercapnia in 153 studies

Apnea: A transient absence of spontaneous respiration.

Hypercapnia: A clinical manifestation of abnormal increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in arterial blood.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" It was hypothesized that HCVR is decreased by repeated breath hold maximal efforts (RBHE) before and after apnea training in comparison with no training and the control condition."9.20Repeated apneas and hypercapnic ventilatory response before and after apnea training. ( Bourdas, DI; Geladas, ND; Pavlakis, KI; Triantafillou, DV; Tsakiris, TS, 2015)
"Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with sustained elevation of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and altered chemoreflex control of MSNA, both of which likely play an important role in the development of hypertension in these patients."9.11Periods of intermittent hypoxic apnea can alter chemoreflex control of sympathetic nerve activity in humans. ( Burk, JR; Cutler, MJ; Keller, DM; Smith, ML; Swift, NM; Wasmund, WL, 2004)
"According to current guidelines, apnea testing has to be performed after prerequisites have been met and in a fashion where hypercapnia is achieved in the face of stable oxygenation and hemodynamics."8.91Apnea testing on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: Case report and literature review. ( Lazaridis, C; Shah, V, 2015)
"Apnea of prematurity (AOP) is a significant clinical problem manifested by an unstable respiratory rhythm reflecting the immaturity of respiratory control systems."8.87Apnea of prematurity: pathogenesis and management strategies. ( Mathew, OP, 2011)
"Prolonged apnea is characterized by hypoxia/hypercapnia."8.12Changes in hormones after apneic hypoxia/hypercapnia - An investigation in voluntary apnea divers. ( Dolscheid-Pommerich, RC; Eichhorn, L; Fimmers, R; Stoffel-Wagner, B, 2022)
"Voluntary asphyxia imposed by static apnea challenges blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity in humans through transient extremes of hypertension, hypoxemia and hypercapnia."8.12Hypoxemia increases blood-brain barrier permeability during extreme apnea in humans. ( Ainslie, PN; Bailey, DM; Bain, AR; Barak, OF; Drvis, I; Dujic, Z; Hirtz, C; Hoiland, RL; Janigro, D; Lehmann, S; MacLeod, DB; Marchi, N, 2022)
" There is evidence that future SIDS cases experience more apnea and have abnormal arousal from sleep."7.85Active sleep unmasks apnea and delayed arousal in infant rat pups lacking central serotonin. ( Cummings, KJ; Geurts, A; Hodges, MR; Young, JO, 2017)
"Gaseous mixing in the anatomical deadspace with stimulation of respiratory ventilation through cardiogenic oscillations is an important physiological mechanism at the onset of apnea, which has been credited with various beneficial effects, e."7.85Investigating the effect of cardiac oscillations and deadspace gas mixing during apnea using computer simulation. ( Bates, DG; Chikhani, M; Das, A; Hardman, JG; Laviola, M, 2017)
" PRKO mice exhibited similar levels of minute ventilation during non-REM and REM sleep, and higher frequencies of sighs and post-sigh apneas during non-REM sleep compared to WT."7.80The nuclear progesterone receptor reduces post-sigh apneas during sleep and increases the ventilatory response to hypercapnia in adult female mice. ( Boukari, R; Joseph, V; Laouafa, S; Lavoie, R; Marcouiller, F, 2014)
"We have examined influence of hypocapnia, mild hypercapnia and hypoxia on the durations of fictive apnea and respiratory disruption elicited by injection of 0."7.79Laryngeal reflex apnea in neonates: effects of CO2 and the complex influence of hypoxia. ( Bartlett, D; Leiter, JC; Xia, L, 2013)
"Recurrent apneas are important causes of hospitalization and morbidity in newborns."7.79Gestational stress promotes pathological apneas and sex-specific disruption of respiratory control development in newborn rat. ( Bairam, A; Caravagna, C; Fournier, S; Gulemetova, R; Julien, C; Kinkead, R; Soliz, J; Steele, S, 2013)
"Haemoglobin increased by 4% after apneas in the 'Hypercapnia' trial (P = 0."7.78Effect of hypercapnia on spleen-related haemoglobin increase during apnea. ( Engan, HK; Lodin-Sundström, A; Richardson, MX; Schagatay, E, 2012)
" These results suggest that an increase in the cerebral blood volume observed during the struggle phase of dry apnea is most likely caused by the IBM at the time of the hypercapnia-induced cerebral vasodilatation and peripheral vasoconstriction."7.75Involuntary breathing movements improve cerebral oxygenation during apnea struggle phase in elite divers. ( Breskovic, T; Dujic, Z; Heusser, K; Ljubkovic, M; Marinovic, J; Palada, I; Uglesic, L; Valic, Z, 2009)
" The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether also short-term apnea training (repeating apneas with short intervals) reduces the HCVR, thereby being one contributing factor explaining the progressively increasing breath-holding time (BHT) with repetition of apneas."7.75Repeated apneas do not affect the hypercapnic ventilatory response in the short term. ( Andersson, JP; Schagatay, E, 2009)
" We now report on the temporal relationship between ictal apnea and seizure onset and spread in patients undergoing video-EEG (electroencephalography) telemetry (VET) with intracranial electrodes."7.75Ictal apnea linked to contralateral spread of temporal lobe seizures: Intracranial EEG recordings in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy. ( Bateman, LM; Seyal, M, 2009)
"Although apnea is common in premature babies, there is a paucity of information concerning the pathophysiologic basis of these episodes and their relationship to other perinatal conditions such as hyperbilirubinemia."7.74Hyperbilirubinemia diminishes respiratory drive in a rat pup model. ( Haxhiu, MA; Iben, SC; Martin, RJ; Mayer, CA; Mesner, O; Miller, MJ; Prabha, KC, 2008)
"Caffeine is an adenosine receptor antagonist commonly used as a respiratory stimulant to treat neonatal apneas of premature newborn."7.73Long-term consequences of neonatal caffeine on ventilation, occurrence of apneas, and hypercapnic chemoreflex in male and female rats. ( Bairam, A; Kinkead, R; Montandon, G, 2006)
"Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with transient elevation of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) during apneic events, which often produces elevated daytime MSNA in OSA patients."7.72Hypoxia-mediated prolonged elevation of sympathetic nerve activity after periods of intermittent hypoxic apnea. ( Cutler, MJ; Keller, DM; Smith, ML; Swift, NM; Wasmund, WL, 2004)
"The effects of hypoxemia and hypercapnia in acute cardiovascular response to periodic non-obstructive apneas were explored in seven preinstrumented, sedated paralyzed and ventilated pigs under three conditions: room air breathing (RA), O2 supplementation (O2), and supplementation with O2 and CO2 (CO2)."7.70Role of hypoxemia and hypercapnia in acute cardiovascular response to periodic apneas in sedated pigs. ( Chen, L; Greenberg, H; Scharf, SM; Sica, AL, 1998)
"This study was carried out on seven chloralose-anesthetized sheep and was designed to investigate the role of muscular afferent fiber stimulation on the duration of reflex apnea triggered by laryngeal stimulation (LS)."7.69Laryngeal reflex apnea is blunted during and after hindlimb muscle contraction in sheep. ( Beyaert, C; Chalon, B; Gille, JP; Haouzi, P; Marchal, F, 1997)
"Arousal is an important protective mechanism that aids in the resolution of obstructive sleep apnea in adults and children, but its role in neonatal apnea has not been investigated."7.68Behavioral arousal in newborn infants and its association with termination of apnea. ( Belan, MA; Cowen, CP; Mathew, OP; Thoppil, CK, 1991)
"The effects of hypoxia and hypercapnea in the production of somatostatin (SRIF)-induced apnea were studied during rebreathing experiments."7.67Somatostatin-induced apnea: interaction with hypoxia and hypercapnea in the rat. ( Agnati, LF; Fuxe, K; Harfstrand, A; Kaijser, L; Kalia, M, 1984)
"We examined the clinical and respiratory physiologic characteristics of 18 patients in whom a diagnosis of central sleep apnea syndrome was established by overnight polysomnographic studies."7.67Clinical and physiologic heterogeneity of the central sleep apnea syndrome. ( Bradley, TD; McNicholas, WT; Phillipson, EA; Popkin, J; Rutherford, R; Zamel, N, 1986)
"Five series of breath-hold (BH) experiments were conducted on eight male subjects with the purpose of partitioning the effects of apnea per se, hypercapnia, and hypoxia on the development and maintenance of BH bradycardia."7.66Effects of hypercapnia, hypoxia, and rebreathing on heart rate response during apnea. ( Hong, SK; Lin, YC; Shida, KK, 1983)
" Fifty-eight percent of the observations with fetal apnea (FBM 0 to 9% in 2 hours) showed hypoxia (PaO2 less than or equal to 16 torr), whereas only 4% of the observations with FBM greater than 10% were associated with hypoxia."7.66Effect of oxygen and of carbon dioxide tension on the incidence of apnea in fetal lambs. ( Bissonnette, JM; Cronan, JZ; Hohimer, AR; Paul, MS, 1980)
"The present study was designed to investigate the effect of stimulus duration and chemosensory input on the recovery of central respiratory activity from apnea induced by superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) electrical stimulation."7.66Recovery from central apnea: effect of stimulus duration and end-tidal CO2 partial pressure. ( Lawson, EE, 1982)
"Twelve patients with predominantly obstructive type sleep apnea underwent cardiac catheterization, hemodynamic monitoring, and arterial blood gas analysis during wakefulness and sleep."7.65Hemodynamics in sleep-induced apnea. Studies during wakefulness and sleep. ( Dement, WC; Guilleminault, C; Lehrman, KL; Schroeder, JS; Simmons, FB; Tilkian, AG, 1976)
" It was hypothesized that HCVR is decreased by repeated breath hold maximal efforts (RBHE) before and after apnea training in comparison with no training and the control condition."5.20Repeated apneas and hypercapnic ventilatory response before and after apnea training. ( Bourdas, DI; Geladas, ND; Pavlakis, KI; Triantafillou, DV; Tsakiris, TS, 2015)
"Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with sustained elevation of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and altered chemoreflex control of MSNA, both of which likely play an important role in the development of hypertension in these patients."5.11Periods of intermittent hypoxic apnea can alter chemoreflex control of sympathetic nerve activity in humans. ( Burk, JR; Cutler, MJ; Keller, DM; Smith, ML; Swift, NM; Wasmund, WL, 2004)
" In 15 healthy subjects, we examined the effects of dobutamine on breathing, hemodynamics, and sympathetic nerve activity (measured using microneurography) during normoxia, isocapnic hypoxia (10% O2), posthypoxic maximal voluntary end-expiratory apnea, hyperoxic hypercapnia, and cold pressor test (CPT)."5.10Dobutamine potentiates arterial chemoreflex sensitivity in healthy normal humans. ( Ciarka, A; Godart, P; Kojonazarov, B; Naeije, R; Somers, VK; van de Borne, P; Velez-Roa, S, 2003)
"To assess effects of anesthesia and opioids, we studied 13 children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA, age 4."5.10Effects of OSA, inhalational anesthesia, and fentanyl on the airway and ventilation of children. ( Hinder, M; McBrien, F; Stewart, P; Waters, KA; Wharton, S, 2002)
"According to current guidelines, apnea testing has to be performed after prerequisites have been met and in a fashion where hypercapnia is achieved in the face of stable oxygenation and hemodynamics."4.91Apnea testing on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: Case report and literature review. ( Lazaridis, C; Shah, V, 2015)
"Apnea of prematurity (AOP) is a significant clinical problem manifested by an unstable respiratory rhythm reflecting the immaturity of respiratory control systems."4.87Apnea of prematurity: pathogenesis and management strategies. ( Mathew, OP, 2011)
" Although more controlled studies would be helpful, relatively clear-cut indications for the use of ventilatory stimulants exist for hypercapnic obesity-hypoventilation patients (medroxyprogesterone), myxedema (thyroid replacement), central apnea (acetazolamide), and periodic breathing in congestive heart failure (theophylline)."4.80Pharmacologic treatment of sleep-disordered breathing. ( Hudgel, DW; Thanakitcharu, S, 1998)
"Voluntary asphyxia imposed by static apnea challenges blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity in humans through transient extremes of hypertension, hypoxemia and hypercapnia."4.12Hypoxemia increases blood-brain barrier permeability during extreme apnea in humans. ( Ainslie, PN; Bailey, DM; Bain, AR; Barak, OF; Drvis, I; Dujic, Z; Hirtz, C; Hoiland, RL; Janigro, D; Lehmann, S; MacLeod, DB; Marchi, N, 2022)
"Prolonged apnea is characterized by hypoxia/hypercapnia."4.12Changes in hormones after apneic hypoxia/hypercapnia - An investigation in voluntary apnea divers. ( Dolscheid-Pommerich, RC; Eichhorn, L; Fimmers, R; Stoffel-Wagner, B, 2022)
" Twenty-nine (85%) patients had sleep-related breathing disorders based on an Apnea-Hypopnea Index of ≥ 5/h."4.12Sleep-related hypoventilation and hypercapnia in multiple system atrophy detected by polysomnography with transcutaneous carbon dioxide monitoring. ( Araki, N; Hirano, S; Ikeda, S; Ito, S; Kasai, H; Koide, K; Koshikawa, K; Kuwabara, S; Shionoya, Y; Sugiyama, A; Terada, J; Wang, J; Yamamoto, T; Yamanaka, Y, 2022)
" The determination of brain death by clinical criteria requires apnea testing, which has historically been viewed as challenging in patients supported by ECMO."3.91Clinical Determination of Brain Death in Children Supported by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. ( Berger, JT; Carpenter, JL; Dean, NP; Harrar, DB; Kukreti, V, 2019)
" Consistent with this idea, IRt inhibition blocked rhythmic motor and autonomic components of fictive swallow but not swallow-related apnea."3.91Neurons in the Intermediate Reticular Nucleus Coordinate Postinspiratory Activity, Swallowing, and Respiratory-Sympathetic Coupling in the Rat. ( Hildreth, CM; Kumar, NN; Le, S; McMullan, S; Phillips, JK; Sun, QJ; Toor, RUAS, 2019)
"Gaseous mixing in the anatomical deadspace with stimulation of respiratory ventilation through cardiogenic oscillations is an important physiological mechanism at the onset of apnea, which has been credited with various beneficial effects, e."3.85Investigating the effect of cardiac oscillations and deadspace gas mixing during apnea using computer simulation. ( Bates, DG; Chikhani, M; Das, A; Hardman, JG; Laviola, M, 2017)
" There is evidence that future SIDS cases experience more apnea and have abnormal arousal from sleep."3.85Active sleep unmasks apnea and delayed arousal in infant rat pups lacking central serotonin. ( Cummings, KJ; Geurts, A; Hodges, MR; Young, JO, 2017)
"In case of apnea, arterial partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) decreases, while partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) increases."3.83A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans. ( Böhnert, V; Eichhorn, L; Ellerkmann, RK; Erdfelder, F; Kessler, F; Meyer, R; Reckendorf, A, 2016)
" However, neonatal A1R(-/-) mice appeared to have more frequently periods of apnea during hypoxia and in the post-hypoxic control period."3.83The in vivo respiratory phenotype of the adenosine A1 receptor knockout mouse. ( Buehler, P; Georgieff, M; Heitzmann, D; Schweda, F; Thomas, J; Warth, R, 2016)
" PRKO mice exhibited similar levels of minute ventilation during non-REM and REM sleep, and higher frequencies of sighs and post-sigh apneas during non-REM sleep compared to WT."3.80The nuclear progesterone receptor reduces post-sigh apneas during sleep and increases the ventilatory response to hypercapnia in adult female mice. ( Boukari, R; Joseph, V; Laouafa, S; Lavoie, R; Marcouiller, F, 2014)
" MSNA recordings were obtained through microneurography in LH and HH at baseline, during rebreathing causing progressive hypoxia and hypercapnia, and during a hypercapnic-hypoxic end-inspiratory apnea."3.79Hormone phase dependency of neural responses to chemoreflex-driven sympathoexcitation in young women using hormonal contraceptives. ( Gimon, TI; Luchyshyn, TA; Nielson, CA; Shoemaker, JK; Usselman, CW; Van Uum, SH, 2013)
"Recurrent apneas are important causes of hospitalization and morbidity in newborns."3.79Gestational stress promotes pathological apneas and sex-specific disruption of respiratory control development in newborn rat. ( Bairam, A; Caravagna, C; Fournier, S; Gulemetova, R; Julien, C; Kinkead, R; Soliz, J; Steele, S, 2013)
"We have examined influence of hypocapnia, mild hypercapnia and hypoxia on the durations of fictive apnea and respiratory disruption elicited by injection of 0."3.79Laryngeal reflex apnea in neonates: effects of CO2 and the complex influence of hypoxia. ( Bartlett, D; Leiter, JC; Xia, L, 2013)
" Forced vital capacity (FVC), maximum static pressure, voluntary apnea time, Epworth scale and arterial blood gases were measured."3.79[Analysis of factors associated with chronic hypercapnia in patients with myotonic dystrophy]. ( Aruj, PK; De Vito, EL; Monteiro, SG, 2013)
"Haemoglobin increased by 4% after apneas in the 'Hypercapnia' trial (P = 0."3.78Effect of hypercapnia on spleen-related haemoglobin increase during apnea. ( Engan, HK; Lodin-Sundström, A; Richardson, MX; Schagatay, E, 2012)
" Current management of ethanol-barbiturate-induced apnea is limited to ventilatory and circulatory support coupled with drug elimination."3.78Respiratory depression in rats induced by alcohol and barbiturate and rescue by ampakine CX717. ( Ding, X; Greer, JJ; Ren, J, 2012)
" While the endpoint of postswallow apnea correlated well to the endpoint of pharyngeal swallowing, duration of preswallow apnea was highly variable."3.76Breathing and swallowing in normal man--effects of changes in body position, bolus types, and respiratory drive. ( Bodén, K; Ekberg, O; Eriksson, LI; Hårdemark Cedborg, AI; Kuylenstierna, R; Sundman, E; Witt Hedström, H, 2010)
" The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether also short-term apnea training (repeating apneas with short intervals) reduces the HCVR, thereby being one contributing factor explaining the progressively increasing breath-holding time (BHT) with repetition of apneas."3.75Repeated apneas do not affect the hypercapnic ventilatory response in the short term. ( Andersson, JP; Schagatay, E, 2009)
" We then used a novel method that would allow accurate assessment of the ventilatory and heart rate responses to near square-wave challenges of hypoxia (10% O2), hypercapnia (5 and 8% CO2 in normoxia and hyperoxia), and asphyxia (8% CO2-10% O2), and to the induction of the Hering-Breuer inflation reflex (HBR), a potent, apnea-inducing reflex in newborns."3.75Severe spontaneous bradycardia associated with respiratory disruptions in rat pups with fewer brain stem 5-HT neurons. ( Commons, KG; Cummings, KJ; Fan, KC; Li, A; Nattie, EE, 2009)
" We now report on the temporal relationship between ictal apnea and seizure onset and spread in patients undergoing video-EEG (electroencephalography) telemetry (VET) with intracranial electrodes."3.75Ictal apnea linked to contralateral spread of temporal lobe seizures: Intracranial EEG recordings in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy. ( Bateman, LM; Seyal, M, 2009)
" These results suggest that an increase in the cerebral blood volume observed during the struggle phase of dry apnea is most likely caused by the IBM at the time of the hypercapnia-induced cerebral vasodilatation and peripheral vasoconstriction."3.75Involuntary breathing movements improve cerebral oxygenation during apnea struggle phase in elite divers. ( Breskovic, T; Dujic, Z; Heusser, K; Ljubkovic, M; Marinovic, J; Palada, I; Uglesic, L; Valic, Z, 2009)
"Repeated hypoxemia in obstructive sleep apnea patients increases sympathetic activity, thereby promoting arterial hypertension."3.74Central chemoreflex sensitivity and sympathetic neural outflow in elite breath-hold divers. ( Bakovic, D; Diedrich, A; Dujic, Z; Dzamonja, G; Heusser, K; Ivancev, V; Jordan, J; Joyner, MJ; Obad, A; Palada, I; Tank, J; Valic, Z, 2008)
"Although apnea is common in premature babies, there is a paucity of information concerning the pathophysiologic basis of these episodes and their relationship to other perinatal conditions such as hyperbilirubinemia."3.74Hyperbilirubinemia diminishes respiratory drive in a rat pup model. ( Haxhiu, MA; Iben, SC; Martin, RJ; Mayer, CA; Mesner, O; Miller, MJ; Prabha, KC, 2008)
" In 20 healthy male individuals with no sleep-related disorders, continuous recordings of blood velocity in the middle cerebral artery, arterial blood pressure, VE, end-tidal gases, and frontal cortical oxygenation using near infrared spectroscopy were monitored during hypercapnia (inspired CO(2), 5%), hypoxia [arterial O(2) saturation (Sa(O(2))) approximately 84%], and during a 20-s breath hold to investigate the related responses to hypercapnia, hypoxia, and apnea, respectively."3.74Morning attenuation in cerebrovascular CO2 reactivity in healthy humans is associated with a lowered cerebral oxygenation and an augmented ventilatory response to CO2. ( Ainslie, PN; Cummings, KJ; Swart, M, 2007)
"The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of hypercapnia and hypoxia on apnea and nonnutritive swallowing (NNS) frequency, as well as on the coordination between NNS and phases of the respiratory cycle in newborn lambs, while taking into account the potential effects of states of alertness."3.74Effects of hypoxia and hypercapnia on nonnutritive swallowing in newborn lambs. ( Bournival, V; Duvareille, C; Lafrance, M; Langlois, C; Micheau, P; Pladys, P; Praud, JP; Samson, N; St-Hilaire, M, 2007)
" To examine the effects of severe hypoxic stress on the respiratory cycle, we exposed the strain with the highest or lowest hypoxic ventilatory response to 6% O(2) in N(2) until the onset of apnea."3.73Mice with blunted hypoxic ventilatory response are susceptible to respiratory disturbance during hypoxia. ( Adachi, T; Hida, W; Kikuchi, Y; Kitamuro, T; Ogawa, H; Okabe, S; Shibahara, S; Shirato, K, 2006)
"Caffeine is an adenosine receptor antagonist commonly used as a respiratory stimulant to treat neonatal apneas of premature newborn."3.73Long-term consequences of neonatal caffeine on ventilation, occurrence of apneas, and hypercapnic chemoreflex in male and female rats. ( Bairam, A; Kinkead, R; Montandon, G, 2006)
"Acute hypercapnia may develop during periodic breathing from an imbalance between abnormal ventilatory patterns during apnea and/or hypopnea and compensatory ventilatory response in the interevent periods."3.73Transition from acute to chronic hypercapnia in patients with periodic breathing: predictions from a computer model. ( Berger, KI; Charney, AN; Clain, JM; Goldring, RM; Norman, RG; Oppenheimer, BW; Rapoport, DM, 2006)
"Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with transient elevation of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) during apneic events, which often produces elevated daytime MSNA in OSA patients."3.72Hypoxia-mediated prolonged elevation of sympathetic nerve activity after periods of intermittent hypoxic apnea. ( Cutler, MJ; Keller, DM; Smith, ML; Swift, NM; Wasmund, WL, 2004)
" Tracheal contraction induced either by apnea, mechanical stimulation of the tracheal bifurcation or hypercapnia was always composed of tonic and rhythmic components."3.72Parasympathetic neural control of canine tracheal smooth muscle. ( Hayama, N; Kobayashi, I; Kondo, T; Tazaki, G, 2004)
" B6 mice continued to exhibit posthypoxic PB; however, the PB was characterized by longer cycle and apnea length."3.727-nitroindazole and posthypoxic ventilatory behavior in the A/J and C57BL/6J mouse strains. ( Dick, TE; Han, F; Price, ER; Strohl, KP, 2003)
" At all ages, hypoxic decline was ascribable mainly to a VT decrease, and posthypoxic decline was ascribable to a T(TOT) increase with apneas, suggesting different underlying neuronal mechanisms."3.71Maturation of baseline breathing and of hypercapnic and hypoxic ventilatory responses in newborn mice. ( Autret, F; Dauger, S; Gallego, J; Gaultier, C; Renolleau, S; Vardon, G, 2001)
" This undershoot may lead to apnea and to a transient destabilization of the control system if the peripheral chemoreflex gain and time delay are twofold greater than basal."3.71An integrated model of the human ventilatory control system: the response to hypoxia. ( Avanzolini, G; Magosso, E; Ursino, M, 2001)
" We performed spectral analysis of RR and MSNA variability during each of the following interventions: 1) controlled breathing, 2) maximal end-expiratory apnea, 3) isocapnic voluntary hyperventilation, and 4) hypercapnia-induced hyperventilation."3.71Importance of ventilation in modulating interaction between sympathetic drive and cardiovascular variability. ( Degaute, JP; Malliani, A; Montano, N; Narkiewicz, K; Pagani, M; Somers, VK; Van De Borne, P, 2001)
" In contrast, phasic (expiratory) thyroarytenoid muscle electromyogram activity, number of short apneas, and incidence of Biot periodic breathing were similarly increased at all three ages."3.70Developmental changes in respiratory, febrile, and cardiovascular responses to PGE(2) in newborn lambs. ( Adamson, SL; Tai, TC, 2000)
"It has previously been reported that active glottic adduction is present during prolonged apneas but absent during periods of breathing movements in fetal lambs in utero."3.70Coordination between glottic adductor muscle and diaphragm EMG activity in fetal lambs in utero. ( Diaz, V; Dorion, D; Kianicka, I; Praud, JP, 1998)
"The effects of hypoxemia and hypercapnia in acute cardiovascular response to periodic non-obstructive apneas were explored in seven preinstrumented, sedated paralyzed and ventilated pigs under three conditions: room air breathing (RA), O2 supplementation (O2), and supplementation with O2 and CO2 (CO2)."3.70Role of hypoxemia and hypercapnia in acute cardiovascular response to periodic apneas in sedated pigs. ( Chen, L; Greenberg, H; Scharf, SM; Sica, AL, 1998)
" Dopamine-induced apneas resulted in tonic activation of the MPC and TA at a level equal to or greater than control activity but no recruitment of IPC activity."3.70Respiratory-related pharyngeal constrictor muscle activity in awake goats. ( Bisgard, GE; Herman, JK; O'Halloran, KD, 1999)
" When blood volume remains approximately constant, as derived from the spectrophotometry data, good correlation is seen between calculated plots made of changes in the transverse relaxation rate, delta R2*, and the oxygen saturation as measured by spectrophotometry for much of the time course of the respiratory challenges of anoxia, apnea and hypercapnia."3.69Comparison of EPI gradient-echo contrast changes in cat brain caused by respiratory challenges with direct simultaneous evaluation of cerebral oxygenation via a cranial window. ( Balaban, RS; DesPres, D; Heineman, F; Jezzard, P; Taylor, J; Turner, R; Wen, H, 1994)
" However, for both animal and human studies, we have demonstrated that if the subjects breathed 100% oxygen in advance of apnea for a short time, T2*-weighted MR brain signal increased when breathing was stopped for a period of 30-60 s."3.69EPI imaging of global increase of brain MR signal with breath-hold preceded by breathing O2. ( Davis, TL; Donahue, KM; Kwong, KK; Rosen, BR; Wanke, I, 1995)
"9 kg) with apnea-induced hypoxic and hypercarbic cardiopulmonary arrest."3.69Effects of different techniques of endotracheal epinephrine administration in pediatric porcine hypoxic-hypercarbic cardiopulmonary arrest. ( Finkelstein, MS; Jasani, MS; Mandell, GA; Nadkarni, VM; Norman, ME; Salzman, SK, 1994)
" Spontaneous rhythmic changes in bronchial diameter and tracheal muscle tension occurred in phase with phrenic burst during mechanical ventilation and during apnea induced by disconnecting the ventilator."3.69Differences in motor control in the bronchus and extrathoracic trachea. ( Arita, H; Hirokawa, Y; Kobayashi, I; Kondo, T; Ohta, Y; Suda, S, 1995)
"This study was carried out on seven chloralose-anesthetized sheep and was designed to investigate the role of muscular afferent fiber stimulation on the duration of reflex apnea triggered by laryngeal stimulation (LS)."3.69Laryngeal reflex apnea is blunted during and after hindlimb muscle contraction in sheep. ( Beyaert, C; Chalon, B; Gille, JP; Haouzi, P; Marchal, F, 1997)
" In all animals, there was a falloff in the intensity of central drive before apnea, with intensity of central drive remaining submaximal throughout loading."3.69Effects of oxygenation and hypercapnia on diaphragmatic function and central drive during respiratory failure. ( Ferguson, GT, 1995)
" Responses to simulated diving were elicited by nasal water flow with concurrent apnea in paralyzed, artificially ventilated Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized with Innovar."3.68Cardiovascular responses to nasal water flow in rats are unaffected by chemoreceptor drive. ( McCulloch, PF; West, NH, 1992)
" In either case, apnea persisted after coughing subsided."3.68Influence of central respiratory activity on the cough response in anesthetized dogs. ( Kobayashi, I; Kondo, T; Ohta, Y; Suzuki, H; Yamabayashi, H, 1991)
"Arousal is an important protective mechanism that aids in the resolution of obstructive sleep apnea in adults and children, but its role in neonatal apnea has not been investigated."3.68Behavioral arousal in newborn infants and its association with termination of apnea. ( Belan, MA; Cowen, CP; Mathew, OP; Thoppil, CK, 1991)
" The length of time to the onset of apnea became shorter as the O2 concentration became lower."3.68The interaction between severe hypercapnia and hypoxia. ( Fukui, Y; Watanabe, H; Yamamoto, K; Yamamoto, Y, 1990)
"The mechanisms underlying the apnea associated with both hypoxia and high-voltage electrocortical activity (HV ECOG) in the fetal lamb are not clearly understood."3.67Lateral pontine lesions affect central chemosensitivity in unanesthetized fetal lambs. ( Gluckman, PD; Johnston, BM, 1989)
" The PaCO2 rate of rise during apnea in awake subjects was determined to acquire a value that may be more applicable to awake, ventilator-dependent, critically ill patients."3.67The carbon dioxide rate of rise in awake apneic humans. ( Downs, JB; Fairley, DS; McDonald, JS; McSweeney, TD; Silver, MJ; Stock, MC, 1988)
" Under increased gain conditions, five male subjects developed periodic breathing with recurrent cycles of hyperventilation and apnea; the remaining subjects had nonperiodic patterns of hyperventilation."3.67Possible mechanisms of periodic breathing during sleep. ( Bruce, EN; Chapman, KR; Cherniack, NS; Gothe, B, 1988)
" The most striking effect of maturation on apnea was a greater proportion of apnea lasting greater than 1 min, but the total duration of apnea as a percent of a total recording remained unchanged."3.67Maturation of spontaneous fetal diaphragmatic activity and fetal response to hypercapnia and hypoxemia. ( Chernick, V; Ioffe, S; Jansen, AH, 1987)
"We examined the clinical and respiratory physiologic characteristics of 18 patients in whom a diagnosis of central sleep apnea syndrome was established by overnight polysomnographic studies."3.67Clinical and physiologic heterogeneity of the central sleep apnea syndrome. ( Bradley, TD; McNicholas, WT; Phillipson, EA; Popkin, J; Rutherford, R; Zamel, N, 1986)
"The effects of hypoxia and hypercapnea in the production of somatostatin (SRIF)-induced apnea were studied during rebreathing experiments."3.67Somatostatin-induced apnea: interaction with hypoxia and hypercapnea in the rat. ( Agnati, LF; Fuxe, K; Harfstrand, A; Kaijser, L; Kalia, M, 1984)
" Fifty-eight percent of the observations with fetal apnea (FBM 0 to 9% in 2 hours) showed hypoxia (PaO2 less than or equal to 16 torr), whereas only 4% of the observations with FBM greater than 10% were associated with hypoxia."3.66Effect of oxygen and of carbon dioxide tension on the incidence of apnea in fetal lambs. ( Bissonnette, JM; Cronan, JZ; Hohimer, AR; Paul, MS, 1980)
"Five series of breath-hold (BH) experiments were conducted on eight male subjects with the purpose of partitioning the effects of apnea per se, hypercapnia, and hypoxia on the development and maintenance of BH bradycardia."3.66Effects of hypercapnia, hypoxia, and rebreathing on heart rate response during apnea. ( Hong, SK; Lin, YC; Shida, KK, 1983)
" A spectrum of breathing abnormalities was found ranging from no abnormalities to severe episodes of prolonged central apnea."3.66Sleep breathing abnormalities in kyphoscoliosis. ( Israels, J; Kryger, M; Mezon, BL; West, P, 1980)
" The results show that occlusions at the end of inspiration or inflations provoked an apnea in both cats and humans."3.66Breuer-Hering inflation reflex and breathing pattern in anesthetized humans and cats. ( Bonora, M; Gaudy, JH; Gautier, H, 1981)
"The present study was designed to investigate the effect of stimulus duration and chemosensory input on the recovery of central respiratory activity from apnea induced by superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) electrical stimulation."3.66Recovery from central apnea: effect of stimulus duration and end-tidal CO2 partial pressure. ( Lawson, EE, 1982)
" Average respiratory rate increased (90%) and fetal apnea decreased (60%) during hypercapnia."3.66Hypercapnic stimulation of respiratory activity in unanesthetized fetal sheep in utero. ( Bowes, G; Brodecky, V; Dowling, M; Maloney, JE; Ritchie, BC; Wilkinson, MH, 1981)
"The study of electrocardiogram and opercular movement records, from eels exposed for prolonged periods to hypercarbic water (saturation by the gaseous mixture 2% CO2, 98% air) shows that 1) heart rate is not significantly changed; 2) the duration of spontaneous apnea phases and the magnitude of opercular movements during ventilatory phases are increased under hypercapnic conditions."3.65[Cardiorespiratory effects of exogenous hypercapnia in eels]. ( Barthelemy, L; Belaud, A; Peyraud, C; Sebert, P; Soulier, P, 1976)
" torr increased RA from apnea to 76% of the animals' maximal hypercapnic response and decreased f: further increases in PIco2 to VIL had only minimal effects on RA and f."3.65Ventilatory responses to CO2 in the chicken: intrapulmonary and systemic chemoreceptors. ( Mitchell, GS; Osborne, JL; Powell, F, 1977)
"Twelve patients with predominantly obstructive type sleep apnea underwent cardiac catheterization, hemodynamic monitoring, and arterial blood gas analysis during wakefulness and sleep."3.65Hemodynamics in sleep-induced apnea. Studies during wakefulness and sleep. ( Dement, WC; Guilleminault, C; Lehrman, KL; Schroeder, JS; Simmons, FB; Tilkian, AG, 1976)
" In contrast to the sustained stimulation of ventilation produced by hypoxia in normal subjects, hypoxia either did not change, or decreased, the [unk]V(E)-P(ACo2) slope of dysautonomic patients and phenoxybenzamine-treated goats; CO(2)-free hypoxia produced a fleeting hyperventilation, which was followed by apnea when hypoxia was abruptly relieved."3.65The effects of abnormal sympathetic nervous function upon the ventilatory response to hypoxia. ( Cherniack, NS; Edelman, NH; Fishman, AP; Lahiri, S; Richards, E, 1970)
"To investigate whether breathlessness induced in normal volunteers by different stimuli represents one or more than one sensation, we studied 30 subjects in whom breathlessness was induced by each of 8 different stimuli: breath-holding, CO2 inhalation, inhalation of CO2, with ventilation voluntarily targeted below the level dictated by chemical drive, breathing with a resistive load, breathing with an elastic load, voluntary elevation of functional residual capacity, voluntary limitation of tidal volume, and exercise."1.28Distinguishable sensations of breathlessness induced in normal volunteers. ( Fencl, V; Lahive, K; Schwartzstein, RM; Simon, PM; Teghtsoonian, M; Weinberger, SE; Weiss, JW, 1989)
"Alveolar hypercapnia was terminated during an experimental period by changing the gas mixture back to room air once the animal aroused from sleep."1.28Influence of carotid-denervation on the arousal and cardiopulmonary responses to alveolar hypercapnia in lambs. ( Dascalu, V; Fewell, JE; Filyk, SC; Kondo, CS, 1989)

Research

Studies (153)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199051 (33.33)18.7374
1990's27 (17.65)18.2507
2000's32 (20.92)29.6817
2010's35 (22.88)24.3611
2020's8 (5.23)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Sugiyama, A1
Terada, J1
Shionoya, Y1
Hirano, S1
Yamamoto, T1
Yamanaka, Y1
Araki, N1
Koshikawa, K1
Kasai, H1
Ikeda, S1
Wang, J1
Koide, K1
Ito, S1
Kuwabara, S1
Dolscheid-Pommerich, RC1
Stoffel-Wagner, B1
Fimmers, R1
Eichhorn, L2
Bailey, DM2
Bain, AR3
Hoiland, RL2
Barak, OF3
Drvis, I3
Hirtz, C1
Lehmann, S1
Marchi, N1
Janigro, D1
MacLeod, DB3
Ainslie, PN4
Dujic, Z7
MacMillan, S1
Holmes, AP1
Dallas, ML1
Mahmoud, AD1
Shipston, MJ1
Peers, C1
Hardie, DG1
Kumar, P1
Evans, AM1
Pape, P1
Piosik, ZM1
Kristensen, CM1
Dirks, J1
Rasmussen, LS1
Kristensen, MS1
Crescimanno, G1
Greco, F1
Canino, M1
Bertini, M1
Marrone, O1
Toor, RUAS1
Sun, QJ1
Kumar, NN1
Le, S1
Hildreth, CM1
Phillips, JK1
McMullan, S1
Barrett, KT1
Hasan, SU2
Scantlebury, MH1
Wilson, RJA1
Bruce, CD1
Vanden Berg, ER1
Pfoh, JR1
Steinback, CD2
Day, TA1
Bourdas, DI2
Geladas, ND2
Gustafsson, IM1
Lodenius, Å1
Tunelli, J1
Ullman, J1
Jonsson Fagerlund, M1
Young, JO1
Geurts, A1
Hodges, MR1
Cummings, KJ3
Laviola, M1
Das, A1
Chikhani, M1
Bates, DG1
Hardman, JG1
Tenorio-Lopes, L1
Henry, MS1
Marques, D1
Tremblay, MÈ1
Drolet, G1
Bretzner, F1
Kinkead, R3
Amorim, MR1
de Deus, JL1
Lumb, KJ1
Schneider, JM1
Ibrahim, T1
Rigaux, A1
Elliot-Portal, E1
Laouafa, S2
Arias-Reyes, C1
Janes, TA1
Joseph, V3
Soliz, J2
Harrar, DB1
Kukreti, V1
Dean, NP1
Berger, JT1
Carpenter, JL1
Moir, ME1
Klassen, SA1
Al-Khazraji, BK1
Woehrle, E1
Smith, SO1
Matushewski, BJ1
Kozić, D1
Shoemaker, JK3
Usselman, CW1
Luchyshyn, TA1
Gimon, TI1
Nielson, CA1
Van Uum, SH1
Aruj, PK1
Monteiro, SG1
De Vito, EL1
Levin, D1
Burckett-St Laurent, D1
Wong, DT1
Marcouiller, F1
Boukari, R1
Lavoie, R1
Tsakiris, TS1
Pavlakis, KI1
Triantafillou, DV1
Shah, V1
Lazaridis, C1
Jouett, NP1
Watenpaugh, DE1
Dunlap, ME1
Smith, ML3
Heitzmann, D1
Buehler, P1
Schweda, F1
Georgieff, M1
Warth, R1
Thomas, J1
Cavar, M1
Stembridge, M1
MacLeod, DM1
Kessler, F1
Böhnert, V1
Erdfelder, F1
Reckendorf, A1
Meyer, R1
Ellerkmann, RK1
Andersson, JP1
Schagatay, E2
Commons, KG1
Fan, KC1
Li, A1
Nattie, EE1
Seyal, M1
Bateman, LM1
Steggerda, JA1
Mayer, CA2
Martin, RJ3
Wilson, CG1
Uglesic, L1
Breskovic, T2
Valic, Z2
Heusser, K2
Marinovic, J1
Ljubkovic, M1
Palada, I2
Sharma, VK1
Teoh, HL1
Chan, BP1
Hårdemark Cedborg, AI1
Bodén, K1
Witt Hedström, H1
Kuylenstierna, R1
Ekberg, O1
Eriksson, LI1
Sundman, E1
Banic, I1
Mathew, OP2
Nemati, S1
Edwards, BA1
Sands, SA1
Berger, PJ1
Wellman, A1
Verghese, GC1
Malhotra, A1
Butler, JP1
Richardson, MX1
Engan, HK1
Lodin-Sundström, A1
Niane, LM1
Bairam, A3
Ren, J1
Ding, X1
Greer, JJ1
Seitz, MJ1
Brown, R1
Macefield, VG1
Guensch, DP1
Fischer, K1
Flewitt, JA1
Friedrich, MG1
Fournier, S2
Steele, S1
Julien, C1
Gulemetova, R1
Caravagna, C1
Xia, L1
Leiter, JC1
Bartlett, D1
Aizenfisz, S1
Dauger, S2
Durand, E1
Vardon, G2
Levacher, B1
Simonneau, M1
Pachnis, V1
Gaultier, C2
Gallego, J2
Przybyłowski, T1
Bangash, MF1
Reichmuth, K1
Morgan, BJ1
Skatrud, JB1
Dempsey, JA2
Harris, MB1
Milsom, WK1
Velez-Roa, S1
Kojonazarov, B1
Ciarka, A1
Godart, P1
Naeije, R1
Somers, VK3
van de Borne, P3
Price, ER1
Han, F1
Dick, TE2
Strohl, KP1
DAY, SB1
GRIFFEN, WO1
CASTANEDA, A1
NICOLOFF, DM1
DOBERNECK, C1
STONE, NH1
NAHAS, GG1
JORDAN, EC1
LIGOU, JC1
Cutler, MJ2
Swift, NM2
Keller, DM2
Wasmund, WL2
Abu-Shaweesh, JM2
Baird, TM1
Burk, JR1
Kobayashi, I3
Kondo, T3
Hayama, N1
Tazaki, G1
Norman, RG1
Goldring, RM1
Clain, JM1
Oppenheimer, BW1
Charney, AN1
Rapoport, DM1
Berger, KI1
Montandon, G1
Adachi, T1
Ogawa, H1
Okabe, S1
Kitamuro, T1
Kikuchi, Y1
Shibahara, S1
Shirato, K1
Hida, W1
Itoh, M1
Ueoka, H1
Aoki, T1
Hotta, N1
Kaneko, Y1
Takita, C1
Fukuoka, Y1
Swart, M1
Yang, SJ1
Lee, KZ1
Wu, CH1
Lu, KT1
Hwang, JC1
Duvareille, C1
Lafrance, M1
Samson, N1
St-Hilaire, M1
Pladys, P1
Micheau, P1
Bournival, V1
Langlois, C1
Praud, JP2
Huang, ZG1
Griffioen, KJ1
Wang, X1
Dergacheva, O1
Kamendi, H1
Gorini, C1
Mendelowitz, D1
Gujic, M1
Dreyfuss, C1
Argacha, JF1
Beloka, S1
Adamopoulos, D1
Xhaët, O1
Pathak, A1
Ivancev, V1
Dzamonja, G1
Tank, J1
Obad, A1
Bakovic, D1
Diedrich, A1
Joyner, MJ1
Jordan, J1
Mesner, O1
Miller, MJ1
Iben, SC1
Prabha, KC1
Haxhiu, MA1
Calladine, M1
Gairdner, D1
Hall, LW1
Monahan, CM1
Purchase, IF1
Harfstrand, A1
Kalia, M1
Fuxe, K1
Kaijser, L1
Agnati, LF1
Read, DJ1
Henderson-Smart, DJ1
Lin, YC2
Shida, KK2
Hong, SK2
Bissonnette, JM1
Hohimer, AR1
Cronan, JZ1
Paul, MS1
Bowes, G1
Wilkinson, MH1
Dowling, M1
Ritchie, BC1
Brodecky, V1
Maloney, JE1
Lawson, EE1
Bruce, EN2
Gautier, H1
Bonora, M1
Gaudy, JH1
Mezon, BL1
West, P1
Israels, J1
Kryger, M1
Jounieaux, V1
Aubert, G1
Dury, M1
Delguste, P1
Rodenstein, DO1
Ferguson, GT1
Kwong, KK1
Wanke, I1
Donahue, KM1
Davis, TL1
Rosen, BR1
Jasani, MS1
Nadkarni, VM1
Finkelstein, MS1
Mandell, GA1
Salzman, SK1
Norman, ME1
Héritier, F1
Feihl, F1
Jezzard, P1
Heineman, F1
Taylor, J1
DesPres, D1
Wen, H1
Balaban, RS1
Turner, R1
Schobel, HP1
Ferguson, DW1
Clary, MP1
Leevers, AM1
Simon, PM2
Xi, L1
Hirokawa, Y1
Suda, S1
Ohta, Y2
Arita, H1
Haouzi, P1
Beyaert, C1
Gille, JP1
Chalon, B1
Marchal, F1
Schäfer, T1
Schläfke, ME1
Kianicka, I1
Diaz, V1
Dorion, D1
Chen, L1
Sica, AL1
Greenberg, H1
Scharf, SM1
Combes, JC1
Nicolas, F1
Lenfant, F1
Cros, N1
D'Athis, P1
Freysz, M1
Hudgel, DW1
Thanakitcharu, S1
Carl, ML1
Schelegle, ES1
Hollstien, SB1
Green, JF1
Chin, K1
Oku, Y1
Nishimura, K1
Ohi, M1
Katz-Salamon, M1
Milerad, J1
Legrand, A1
De Troyer, A1
O'Halloran, KD1
Herman, JK1
Bisgard, GE1
Sleigh, JW1
Tai, TC1
Adamson, SL1
Montano, N1
Narkiewicz, K1
Degaute, JP1
Malliani, A1
Pagani, M1
Ursino, M1
Magosso, E1
Avanzolini, G1
Delapille, P2
Verin, E2
Tourny-Chollet, C2
Pasquis, P2
Renolleau, S1
Autret, F1
Waters, KA1
McBrien, F1
Stewart, P1
Hinder, M1
Wharton, S1
Sebert, P1
Soulier, P1
Barthelemy, L1
Belaud, A1
Peyraud, C1
Guilleminault, C3
Farmer, WC1
Glenn, WW1
Gee, JB1
St John, WM1
Wang, SC1
Osborne, JL1
Mitchell, GS1
Powell, F1
Stromme, SB1
Blix, AS1
Tilkian, AG1
Schroeder, JS1
Lehrman, KL1
Simmons, FB1
Dement, WC1
Immonen, I1
McCulloch, PF1
West, NH1
Suzuki, H1
Yamabayashi, H1
Thoppil, CK1
Belan, MA1
Cowen, CP1
Ebata, T1
Watanabe, Y1
Amaha, K1
Hosaka, Y1
Takagi, S1
Watanabe, H1
Yamamoto, K1
Yamamoto, Y1
Fukui, Y1
Kelsen, SG1
Schwartzstein, RM1
Weiss, JW1
Lahive, K1
Fencl, V1
Teghtsoonian, M1
Weinberger, SE1
Fewell, JE1
Kondo, CS1
Dascalu, V1
Filyk, SC1
Johnston, BM1
Gluckman, PD1
Stock, MC1
Downs, JB2
McDonald, JS1
Silver, MJ1
McSweeney, TD1
Fairley, DS1
Chapman, KR1
Gothe, B1
Cherniack, NS2
Ioffe, S1
Jansen, AH1
Chernick, V1
Bradley, TD1
McNicholas, WT1
Rutherford, R1
Popkin, J1
Zamel, N1
Phillipson, EA2
James, HE1
Vanuxem, P1
Lavaivre, M1
Delpierre, S1
Jammes, Y1
Grimaud, C1
Buckfield, PM1
Malcolm, DS1
Modell, JH1
Calderwood, HW1
Ruiz, BC1
Chapman, R1
Counts, HK1
Carden, WD1
Petty, WC1
Nevsímal, O1
Nevsímalová, S1
Oouredník, A1
Butler, PJ1
Taylor, EW1
Jenkins, AV1
Sammons, HG1
Maxwell, GM1
Daily, WJ1
Meyer, HB1
Sunshine, P1
Smith, PC1
Farber, JP1
Hanquet, M1
Bellucci, G1
Auchincloss, JH1
Gilbert, R1
Edelman, NH1
Lahiri, S1
Richards, E1
Fishman, AP1
Bouverot, P1
Crance, JP1
Dejours, P1
Hickey, RF1
Bainton, CR1
Nadel, JA1
Ferrante, FL1
Miller, BD1
Stein, JF1
Widdicombe, JG1
Benzer, H1
Kunz, H1
Lempert, J1
Mayrhofer, O1
Muhar, F1
Campbell, EJ1
Godfrey, S1
Clark, TJ1
Freedman, S1
Norman, J1
James, JE1
Daly, Mde B1

Clinical Trials (9)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
Evaluation of Oxygenation by 100% Oxygen Via High Flow Nasal Cannula During Apnea in Adult Elective Surgical ENT Patients[NCT02706431]31 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-12-01Completed
Physiology Regarding Apnoeic Oxygenation During Nasal Cannula Therapy at Different Flow Rates[NCT03478774]125 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-03-25Completed
Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) Apnoeic Ventilation During Operative Hysteroscopic Procedures Under General Anesthesia: an Observational Study.[NCT05291117]30 participants (Actual)Observational2022-02-01Completed
Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) Use in Pediatric Procedures[NCT03430206]78 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-02-21Completed
Evaluation the Efficiency of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine Under Nasal Humidification Rapid Ventilation Device Without Intubation in Laryngoscope Microsurgery[NCT05581485]90 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-11-29Recruiting
High Flow Oxygen During ProcEdural Sedation for Operative Hysteroscopy: a Randomized Controlled Trial - HOPE Study.[NCT05550584]180 participants (Actual)Interventional2022-06-17Completed
Breathing-Induced Myocardial Oxygenation Reserve - Pilot Study (B-MORE-Pilot)[NCT03050346]113 participants (Actual)Observational2016-01-31Completed
Impact of Breathing Maneuvers and Oxygen Administration on Myocardial Oxygenation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Compared With Healthy Controls - Non-invasive Assessment With Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging (OS-CM[NCT02233634]36 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-10-01Completed
Breathing Low Oxygen to Enhance Spinal Stimulation Training and Functional Recovery in Persons With Chronic SCI: The BO2ST Trial[NCT05563103]60 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-01-17Recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide (ETCO2)

Ventilation was measured with transcutaneous carbon dioxide sensor (NCT03430206)
Timeframe: Duration of surgery (generally less than 2 hours)

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Standard of Care51.6
THRIVE52.8

Incidence of Adverse Events

(NCT03430206)
Timeframe: Up to 12 hours

InterventionEvents (Mean)
Standard of Care0.183
THRIVE0.268

Number of Oxygen Desaturation Events <90% or Defined by a 5% Fall From Baseline if Baseline Saturation < 94%.

Relative incidence of oxygen desaturation as measured by pulse oximetry by second adjusted for post surgical diagnosis (NCT03430206)
Timeframe: Duration of surgery (generally less than 2 hours)

InterventionEvents (Mean)
Standard of Care0.536
THRIVE0.268

Number of Surgical Interruptions

Number of surgical interruptions defined by a pause in surgical procedures due to need to intervene, normalized to case length. (NCT03430206)
Timeframe: Duration of surgery (generally less than 2 hours)

InterventionInterruptions (Mean)
Standard of Care0.645
THRIVE0.302

Oxygen Desaturation Index

Oxygen desaturation index is defined as the number of times a patient has a 4% decrease in saturation from a 120 second rolling mean for greater than 10 seconds (NCT03430206)
Timeframe: Duration of surgery (generally less than 2 hours)

InterventionEvents (Mean)
Standard of Care1.09
THRIVE0.312

Post-surgical Diagnosis

Location of lesion(s) according to post-surgical diagnosis (NCT03430206)
Timeframe: Duration of surgery (generally less than 2 hours)

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
SupraglotticInfraglotticBoth Supraglottic and Infraglottic
Standard of Care2133
THRIVE10101

Reviews

10 reviews available for apnea and Hypercapnia

ArticleYear
Physiology of static breath holding in elite apneists.
    Experimental physiology, 2018, 05-01, Volume: 103, Issue:5

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Apnea; Breath Holding; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Humans; Hype

2018
Apnea testing on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: Case report and literature review.
    Journal of critical care, 2015, Volume: 30, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Brain Death; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation;

2015
Apnea of prematurity: pathogenesis and management strategies.
    Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2011, Volume: 31, Issue:5

    Topics: Apnea; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Brain Stem; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Continuous Pos

2011
Apnoea of prematurity.
    Paediatric respiratory reviews, 2004, Volume: 5 Suppl A

    Topics: Apnea; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Infant, Newborn; Infant, P

2004
Maturation of respiratory reflex responses in the fetus and neonate.
    Seminars in neonatology : SN, 2004, Volume: 9, Issue:3

    Topics: Acidosis; Afferent Pathways; Age Factors; Animals; Apnea; Fetus; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Infan

2004
Regulation of breathing in the newborn during different behavioral states.
    Annual review of physiology, 1984, Volume: 46

    Topics: Airway Obstruction; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Arousal; Behavior; Behavior, Animal; Cough; Di

1984
Control of breathing in the newborn.
    Annals of biomedical engineering, 1981, Volume: 9, Issue:5-6

    Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Biomedical Engineering; Carbon Dioxide; Cats; Chemoreceptor Cells;

1981
[Diving: physical and physiological bases].
    Revue medicale de la Suisse romande, 1994, Volume: 114, Issue:6

    Topics: Apnea; Atmospheric Pressure; Barotrauma; Decompression Sickness; Digestive System; Diving; Dyspnea;

1994
Pharmacologic treatment of sleep-disordered breathing.
    American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 1998, Volume: 158, Issue:3

    Topics: Acetazolamide; Antihypertensive Agents; Apnea; Bronchodilator Agents; Diuretics; Dyspnea; Evidence-B

1998
[Retinopathy of prematurity].
    Duodecim; laaketieteellinen aikakauskirja, 1991, Volume: 107, Issue:1

    Topics: Apnea; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypocapnia; Infant, Newborn; Oxygen; Retinopathy of Prematurity

1991

Trials

9 trials available for apnea and Hypercapnia

ArticleYear
Repeated apneas and hypercapnic ventilatory response before and after apnea training.
    Aerospace medicine and human performance, 2015, Volume: 86, Issue:1

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Apnea; Breath Holding; Carbon Dioxide; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hyper

2015
Inhibition of augmented muscle vasoconstrictor drive following asphyxic apnoea in awake human subjects is not affected by relief of chemical drive.
    Experimental physiology, 2013, Volume: 98, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Apnea; Asphyxia; Blood Pressure; Breath Holding; Carbon Dio

2013
Mechanisms of the cerebrovascular response to apnoea in humans.
    The Journal of physiology, 2003, Apr-01, Volume: 548, Issue:Pt 1

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Apnea; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Female; Ganglionic Blockers; H

2003
Dobutamine potentiates arterial chemoreflex sensitivity in healthy normal humans.
    American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2003, Volume: 285, Issue:3

    Topics: Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Adult; Apnea; Arteries; Blood Pressure; Chemoreceptor Cells; Dobutamine; E

2003
Periods of intermittent hypoxic apnea can alter chemoreflex control of sympathetic nerve activity in humans.
    American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2004, Volume: 287, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Chemoreceptor Cells; Female; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Male; Refle

2004
Effects of enoximone on peripheral and central chemoreflex responses in humans.
    American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2008, Volume: 294, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Cardiac Output; Central Nervous System; Chemoreceptor Cells; Cross-Over Studies; Enoxi

2008
Differential effects of digitalis on chemoreflex responses in humans.
    Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 1994, Volume: 23, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Chemoreceptor Cells; Digitalis Glycosides; Double-Blind Method; Female

1994
Effects of OSA, inhalational anesthesia, and fentanyl on the airway and ventilation of children.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2002, Volume: 92, Issue:5

    Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Sy

2002
State of the art. Sleep and control of breathing.
    Chest, 1978, Volume: 73, Issue:2 Suppl

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Airway Obstruction; Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Cats; Child; Clinical Trials

1978

Other Studies

134 other studies available for apnea and Hypercapnia

ArticleYear
Sleep-related hypoventilation and hypercapnia in multiple system atrophy detected by polysomnography with transcutaneous carbon dioxide monitoring.
    Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2022, Volume: 26, Issue:4

    Topics: Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoventilation; Multiple System Atrophy; Polysomnograph

2022
Changes in hormones after apneic hypoxia/hypercapnia - An investigation in voluntary apnea divers.
    Respiratory physiology & neurobiology, 2022, Volume: 298

    Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Apnea; Diving; Female; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Gonadotropins, Pitu

2022
Hypoxemia increases blood-brain barrier permeability during extreme apnea in humans.
    Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2022, Volume: 42, Issue:6

    Topics: Apnea; Blood-Brain Barrier; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Permeability

2022
LKB1 is the gatekeeper of carotid body chemosensing and the hypoxic ventilatory response.
    Communications biology, 2022, 06-29, Volume: 5, Issue:1

    Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Apnea; Carotid Body; Humans; Hy

2022
Transcutaneous carbon dioxide monitoring during prolonged apnoea with high-flow nasal oxygen.
    Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 2023, Volume: 67, Issue:5

    Topics: Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Humans; Hypercapnia; Oxygen; Respiration, Artificial

2023
Contribution of transcutaneous capnography to the interpretation of abnormal respiratory events during noninvasive ventilation.
    Sleep medicine, 2019, Volume: 62

    Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Apnea; Blood Gas Monitoring, Transcutaneous; Capnography; Chronic Dis

2019
Neurons in the Intermediate Reticular Nucleus Coordinate Postinspiratory Activity, Swallowing, and Respiratory-Sympathetic Coupling in the Rat.
    The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2019, 12-04, Volume: 39, Issue:49

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Central Pattern Generators; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Deglutition; Female; Hyperc

2019
Impaired cardiorespiratory responses to hypercapnia in neonatal mice lacking PAC1 but not VPAC2 receptors.
    American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2021, 02-01, Volume: 320, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Body Weight; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; G

2021
Prior oxygenation, but not chemoreflex responsiveness, determines breath-hold duration during voluntary apnea.
    Physiological reports, 2021, Volume: 9, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Breath Holding; Chemoreceptor Cells; Female; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Lung; Male;

2021
Five repeated maximal efforts of apneas increase the time to exhaustion in subsequent high-intensity exercise.
    Respiratory physiology & neurobiology, 2021, Volume: 292

    Topics: Acidosis; Adult; Apnea; Athletic Performance; Bicycling; Exercise; Humans; Hypercapnia; Male; Physic

2021
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) - a physiological study.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2017, Apr-01, Volume: 118, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Airway Management; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Hemodynamics; Hu

2017
Active sleep unmasks apnea and delayed arousal in infant rat pups lacking central serotonin.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2017, Oct-01, Volume: 123, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Arousal; Gene Knockout Techniques; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; I

2017
Investigating the effect of cardiac oscillations and deadspace gas mixing during apnea using computer simulation.
    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference, 2017, Volume: 2017

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Computer Simulation; Dogs; Hypercapnia; Partial Pressure; Pulmonary

2017
Neonatal maternal separation opposes the facilitatory effect of castration on the respiratory response to hypercapnia of the adult male rat: Evidence for the involvement of the medial amygdala.
    Journal of neuroendocrinology, 2017, Volume: 29, Issue:12

    Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Corticomedial Nuclear Complex; Hypercapnia; Male; Maternal Depriva

2017
Purinergic signalling and TRPV1 receptors are associated with the carotid body plasticity induced by an apnoea-like stimulus.
    The Journal of physiology, 2018, Volume: 596, Issue:15

    Topics: Apnea; Carotid Body; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; TRPV Cation Channels

2018
Afferent neural feedback overrides the modulating effects of arousal, hypercapnia and hypoxaemia on neonatal cardiorespiratory control.
    The Journal of physiology, 2018, Volume: 596, Issue:23

    Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Arousal; Feedback, Physiological; Hypercapnia;

2018
Brain-derived erythropoietin protects from intermittent hypoxia-induced cardiorespiratory dysfunction and oxidative stress in mice.
    Sleep, 2018, 07-01, Volume: 41, Issue:7

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Arterial Pressure; Brain; Brain Stem; Cerebral Cortex; Erythropoietin; Heart Rate; H

2018
Clinical Determination of Brain Death in Children Supported by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.
    Neurocritical care, 2019, Volume: 31, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Aortic Valve Stenosis; Apnea; Brain Death; Brain Edema; Burns; Cerebral Infarction; Chil

2019
Impaired dynamic cerebral autoregulation in trained breath-hold divers.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2019, 06-01, Volume: 126, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Pressure; Brain; Breath Holding; Carbon Dioxide; Cerebrovas

2019
Hormone phase dependency of neural responses to chemoreflex-driven sympathoexcitation in young women using hormonal contraceptives.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2013, Volume: 115, Issue:10

    Topics: Action Potentials; Adult; Age Factors; Apnea; Chemoreceptor Cells; Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; D

2013
[Analysis of factors associated with chronic hypercapnia in patients with myotonic dystrophy].
    Medicina, 2013, Volume: 73, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Chronic Disease; Disorders of Excessive Somnolence; Female; Forced Exp

2013
Postoperative apnea and hypercapnia due to intentional breath holding in a freediver.
    Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 2014, Volume: 61, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Athletes; Breath Holding; Diving; Humans; Hypercapnia; Male; Postoperative Period

2014
The nuclear progesterone receptor reduces post-sigh apneas during sleep and increases the ventilatory response to hypercapnia in adult female mice.
    PloS one, 2014, Volume: 9, Issue:6

    Topics: Aging; Animals; Apnea; Cell Nucleus; Electroencephalography; Electromyography; Female; Hypercapnia;

2014
Interactive effects of hypoxia, hypercapnia and lung volume on sympathetic nerve activity in humans.
    Experimental physiology, 2015, Volume: 100, Issue:9

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Chemoreceptor Cells; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Hyper

2015
The in vivo respiratory phenotype of the adenosine A1 receptor knockout mouse.
    Respiratory physiology & neurobiology, 2016, Feb-01, Volume: 222

    Topics: Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Blood Gas Analysis; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Hyperca

2016
Cerebral oxidative metabolism is decreased with extreme apnoea in humans; impact of hypercapnia.
    The Journal of physiology, 2016, 09-15, Volume: 594, Issue:18

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Arterial Pressure; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Gas Analysis; Brain; Cerebrovascular Cir

2016
A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans.
    Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, 2016, 12-22, Issue:118

    Topics: Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Diving; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Oximetry; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Spe

2016
Repeated apneas do not affect the hypercapnic ventilatory response in the short term.
    European journal of applied physiology, 2009, Volume: 105, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Humans; Hypercapnia; Male; Oxygen Consumption; Pulmonary Venti

2009
Severe spontaneous bradycardia associated with respiratory disruptions in rat pups with fewer brain stem 5-HT neurons.
    American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2009, Volume: 296, Issue:6

    Topics: 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine; Adaptation, Physiological; Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; A

2009
Ictal apnea linked to contralateral spread of temporal lobe seizures: Intracranial EEG recordings in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy.
    Epilepsia, 2009, Volume: 50, Issue:12

    Topics: Apnea; Brain Mapping; Death, Sudden; Electrocardiography; Electrodes, Implanted; Electroencephalogra

2009
Effect of intermittent hypercapnia on respiratory control in rat pups.
    Neonatology, 2010, Volume: 97, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Chemoreceptor Cells; Diaphragm; Disease Models, An

2010
Involuntary breathing movements improve cerebral oxygenation during apnea struggle phase in elite divers.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2009, Volume: 107, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Diving; Female; Heart Rate; Hemoglobins;

2009
Cerebral vasomotor reactivity in epilepsy patients.
    Journal of neurology, 2010, Volume: 257, Issue:9

    Topics: Apnea; Cerebral Arteries; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Epilepsy; Humans; Hypercapnia; Inhalation; Va

2010
Breathing and swallowing in normal man--effects of changes in body position, bolus types, and respiratory drive.
    Neurogastroenterology and motility, 2010, Volume: 22, Issue:11

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Deglutition; Drive; Female; Humans; Hypercapnia; Male; Manometry; Posture; Pressure; R

2010
Autonomic and cardiovascular responses to chemoreflex stress in apnoea divers.
    Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical, 2010, Aug-25, Volume: 156, Issue:1-2

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Adult; Apnea; Autonomic Nervous System; Baroreflex; Blood Pressure; Cardi

2010
Model-based characterization of ventilatory stability using spontaneous breathing.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2011, Volume: 111, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Carotid Body; Domperidone; Dopamine Antagonists; D

2011
Effect of hypercapnia on spleen-related haemoglobin increase during apnea.
    Diving and hyperbaric medicine, 2012, Volume: 42, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Diving; Female; Heart Rate; Hematocrit; Hemoglobin A;

2012
Systemic blockade of nicotinic and purinergic receptors inhibits ventilation and increases apnoea frequency in newborn rats.
    Experimental physiology, 2012, Volume: 97, Issue:8

    Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hexamethonium;

2012
Respiratory depression in rats induced by alcohol and barbiturate and rescue by ampakine CX717.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2012, Volume: 113, Issue:7

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Barbiturates; Brain Stem; Ethanol; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Isoxazoles; Male; Oxygen; P

2012
Impact of intermittent apnea on myocardial tissue oxygenation--a study using oxygenation-sensitive cardiovascular magnetic resonance.
    PloS one, 2013, Volume: 8, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Blood Gas Analysis; Carbon Dioxide; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Vessels; Hypercap

2013
Impact of intermittent apnea on myocardial tissue oxygenation--a study using oxygenation-sensitive cardiovascular magnetic resonance.
    PloS one, 2013, Volume: 8, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Blood Gas Analysis; Carbon Dioxide; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Vessels; Hypercap

2013
Impact of intermittent apnea on myocardial tissue oxygenation--a study using oxygenation-sensitive cardiovascular magnetic resonance.
    PloS one, 2013, Volume: 8, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Blood Gas Analysis; Carbon Dioxide; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Vessels; Hypercap

2013
Impact of intermittent apnea on myocardial tissue oxygenation--a study using oxygenation-sensitive cardiovascular magnetic resonance.
    PloS one, 2013, Volume: 8, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Blood Gas Analysis; Carbon Dioxide; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Vessels; Hypercap

2013
Gestational stress promotes pathological apneas and sex-specific disruption of respiratory control development in newborn rat.
    The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2013, Jan-09, Volume: 33, Issue:2

    Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Corticosterone; Female; Hy

2013
Laryngeal reflex apnea in neonates: effects of CO2 and the complex influence of hypoxia.
    Respiratory physiology & neurobiology, 2013, Mar-01, Volume: 186, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Chemoreceptor Cells; Female; Hypercapnia; Hypocapn

2013
Ventilatory responses to hypercapnia and hypoxia in heterozygous c-ret newborn mice.
    Respiratory physiology & neurobiology, 2002, Aug-01, Volume: 131, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Drosophila Proteins; Female; Genotype; Heterozygote; Homozygote; H

2002
Apneusis follows disruption of NMDA-type glutamate receptors in vagotomized ground squirrels.
    Respiratory physiology & neurobiology, 2003, Mar-28, Volume: 134, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Administration Routes; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists;

2003
7-nitroindazole and posthypoxic ventilatory behavior in the A/J and C57BL/6J mouse strains.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2003, Volume: 95, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Indazoles; Mice; Mice, Inbr

2003
Potentiating influence of apnea, hypoxia, and hypercapnia on bile-induced hemorrhagic pancreatic necrosis.
    Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics, 1960, Volume: 111

    Topics: Apnea; Bile; Carbon Dioxide; Disease; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Necrosis; Pancreas; Pancreatic Diseases

1960
Effects of a 'carbon dioxide buffer' on hypercapnia of apneic oxygenation.
    The American journal of physiology, 1959, Volume: 197

    Topics: Amino Alcohols; Apnea; Buffers; Carbon Dioxide; Glycols; Humans; Hypercapnia; Oxygen Inhalation Ther

1959
Hypoxia-mediated prolonged elevation of sympathetic nerve activity after periods of intermittent hypoxic apnea.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2004, Volume: 96, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Male; Peroneal Nerve

2004
Parasympathetic neural control of canine tracheal smooth muscle.
    The Tokai journal of experimental and clinical medicine, 2004, Volume: 29, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Dogs; Efferent Pathways; Hypercapnia; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Parasympat

2004
Transition from acute to chronic hypercapnia in patients with periodic breathing: predictions from a computer model.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2006, Volume: 100, Issue:5

    Topics: Acute Disease; Apnea; Bicarbonates; Carbon Dioxide; Chronic Disease; Computer Simulation; Humans; Hy

2006
Long-term consequences of neonatal caffeine on ventilation, occurrence of apneas, and hypercapnic chemoreflex in male and female rats.
    Pediatric research, 2006, Volume: 59, Issue:4 Pt 1

    Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Female; Humans; Hyper

2006
Mice with blunted hypoxic ventilatory response are susceptible to respiratory disturbance during hypoxia.
    The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine, 2006, Volume: 209, Issue:2

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Apnea; Disease Models, Animal; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Male; Mice;

2006
Exercise hyperpnea and hypercapnic ventilatory responses in women.
    Respiratory medicine, 2007, Volume: 101, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Exercise; Exercise Test; Female; Follicular Phase; Humans; Hypercapnia

2007
Morning attenuation in cerebrovascular CO2 reactivity in healthy humans is associated with a lowered cerebral oxygenation and an augmented ventilatory response to CO2.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2007, Volume: 102, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Blood Flow Velocity; Carbon Dioxide; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Chemoreceptor Cells;

2007
Vasopressin produces inhibition on phrenic nerve activity and apnea through V(1A) receptors in the area postrema in rats.
    The Chinese journal of physiology, 2006, Dec-31, Volume: 49, Issue:6

    Topics: Animals; Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists; Apnea; Area Postrema; Arginine Vasopressin; Bloo

2006
Effects of hypoxia and hypercapnia on nonnutritive swallowing in newborn lambs.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2007, Volume: 103, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Deglutition; Diaphragm; Electrocardiography; Electroencephalograph

2007
Nicotinic receptor activation occludes purinergic control of central cardiorespiratory network responses to hypoxia/hypercapnia.
    Journal of neurophysiology, 2007, Volume: 98, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Brain Stem; Cardiovascular System; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Excitatory Post

2007
Central chemoreflex sensitivity and sympathetic neural outflow in elite breath-hold divers.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2008, Volume: 104, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Chemoreceptor Cells; Diving; Femo

2008
Hyperbilirubinemia diminishes respiratory drive in a rat pup model.
    Pediatric research, 2008, Volume: 64, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Bilirubin; Brain Stem; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relat

2008
Bronchial insufflation in hypoventilation.
    Clinical science, 1967, Volume: 33, Issue:1

    Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Apnea; Bronchi; Carbon Dioxide; Dogs; Hypercapnia; Hypoventilation; Ox

1967
Somatostatin-induced apnea: interaction with hypoxia and hypercapnea in the rat.
    Neuroscience letters, 1984, Sep-07, Volume: 50, Issue:1-3

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Brain Mapping; Chemoreceptor Cells; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Male; Medulla Oblongata; R

1984
Effects of hypercapnia, hypoxia, and rebreathing on heart rate response during apnea.
    Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology, 1983, Volume: 54, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Male; Oxygen; Pulmonary Alve

1983
Effect of oxygen and of carbon dioxide tension on the incidence of apnea in fetal lambs.
    American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 1980, Jul-01, Volume: 137, Issue:5

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Fetus; Gestational Age; Hypercapnia; Movement; Oxygen; Respi

1980
Hypercapnic stimulation of respiratory activity in unanesthetized fetal sheep in utero.
    Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology, 1981, Volume: 50, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Cerebral Cortex; Diaphragm; Electromyography; Female; Fetus; Gestati

1981
Recovery from central apnea: effect of stimulus duration and end-tidal CO2 partial pressure.
    Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology, 1982, Volume: 53, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Electric Stimulation; Hypercapnia;

1982
Effects of hypercapnia, hypoxia, and rebreathing on circulatory response to apnea.
    Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology, 1983, Volume: 54, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Blood Circulation; Cardiac Output; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Male; Stroke Volume;

1983
Breuer-Hering inflation reflex and breathing pattern in anesthetized humans and cats.
    Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology, 1981, Volume: 51, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Airway Obstruction; Anesthesia; Animals; Apnea; Cats; Female; Humans; Hypercapnia; Pressure;

1981
Sleep breathing abnormalities in kyphoscoliosis.
    The American review of respiratory disease, 1980, Volume: 122, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Apnea; Female; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Kyphosis; Male; Middle Aged; Oxygen; Respi

1980
Effects of nasal positive-pressure hyperventilation on the glottis in normal sleeping subjects.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 1995, Volume: 79, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Glottis; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hyperventilation; Male; Nose; Po

1995
Effects of oxygenation and hypercapnia on diaphragmatic function and central drive during respiratory failure.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 1995, Volume: 78, Issue:5

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Blood Gas Analysis; Diaphragm; Electric Stimulation; Hypercapnia; Male; Muscle Contr

1995
EPI imaging of global increase of brain MR signal with breath-hold preceded by breathing O2.
    Magnetic resonance in medicine, 1995, Volume: 33, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Brain; Carbon Dioxide; Echo-Planar Imaging; Hemoglobins; Humans; Hypercapnia; Image

1995
Effects of different techniques of endotracheal epinephrine administration in pediatric porcine hypoxic-hypercarbic cardiopulmonary arrest.
    Critical care medicine, 1994, Volume: 22, Issue:7

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Epinephrine; Heart Arrest; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Insti

1994
Comparison of EPI gradient-echo contrast changes in cat brain caused by respiratory challenges with direct simultaneous evaluation of cerebral oxygenation via a cranial window.
    NMR in biomedicine, 1994, Volume: 7, Issue:1-2

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Arteries; Brain; Cats; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Oxygen

1994
Apnoea following normocapnic mechanical ventilation in awake mammals: a demonstration of control system inertia.
    The Journal of physiology, 1993, Volume: 472

    Topics: Adult; Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Dogs; Feedback; Female; Humans; Hypercapnia; Lung Transplanta

1993
Differences in motor control in the bronchus and extrathoracic trachea.
    Journal of the autonomic nervous system, 1995, Oct-05, Volume: 55, Issue:1-2

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Blood Gas Analysis; Bronchi; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Hypercapnia; Muscle Contrac

1995
Laryngeal reflex apnea is blunted during and after hindlimb muscle contraction in sheep.
    The American journal of physiology, 1997, Volume: 272, Issue:2 Pt 2

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Electric Stimulation; Female; Hindlimb; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Injections; Larynx; Mu

1997
[Postnatal development of breathing control].
    Pneumologie (Stuttgart, Germany), 1997, Volume: 51 Suppl 2

    Topics: Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Chemoreceptor Cells; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Humans; Hypercapnia; In

1997
Coordination between glottic adductor muscle and diaphragm EMG activity in fetal lambs in utero.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 1998, Volume: 84, Issue:5

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Deglutition; Diaphragm; Electroencephalography; Electromyography; Eye Movements; Fet

1998
Role of hypoxemia and hypercapnia in acute cardiovascular response to periodic apneas in sedated pigs.
    Respiration physiology, 1998, Volume: 111, Issue:3

    Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Apnea; Cardiovascular System; Electroencephalography; Female; Gases; Hemodyn

1998
[Hemodynamic changes induced by apnea test in patients with brain death].
    Annales francaises d'anesthesie et de reanimation, 1996, Volume: 15, Issue:8

    Topics: Acidosis, Respiratory; Adult; Apnea; Brain Death; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hyperte

1996
Control of ventilation during lung volume changes and permissive hypercapnia in dogs.
    American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 1998, Volume: 158, Issue:3

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Dogs; Expiratory Reserve Volume; Function

1998
Deep breathing and awake apnoea in a patient who had recurrent hypoxaemia and hypercapnia without sleep apnoea.
    The European respiratory journal, 1998, Volume: 12, Issue:3

    Topics: Acetazolamide; Adult; Apnea; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Respira

1998
The divergent ventilatory and heart rate response to moderate hypercapnia in infants with apnoea of infancy.
    Archives of disease in childhood, 1998, Volume: 79, Issue:3

    Topics: Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypercapnia; Infant; Male; Partial Pressure; Recu

1998
Spatial distribution of external and internal intercostal activity in dogs.
    The Journal of physiology, 1999, Jul-01, Volume: 518, Issue:Pt 1

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Electromyography; Electrophysiology; Hypercapnia; Interc

1999
Respiratory-related pharyngeal constrictor muscle activity in awake goats.
    Respiration physiology, 1999, Jun-01, Volume: 116, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Chemoreceptor Cells; Dopamine; Electromyography; Goats; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Muscle

1999
Postoperative respiratory arrhythmias: incidence and measurement.
    Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 1999, Volume: 43, Issue:7

    Topics: Abdomen; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analgesics, Opioid; Analysis of Variance; Apnea; Female; Fo

1999
Developmental changes in respiratory, febrile, and cardiovascular responses to PGE(2) in newborn lambs.
    American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2000, Volume: 278, Issue:6

    Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature Regulation; Carbon D

2000
Importance of ventilation in modulating interaction between sympathetic drive and cardiovascular variability.
    American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2001, Volume: 280, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Chemoreceptor Cells; Electrocardiography; Female; Heart Rate; Humans;

2001
An integrated model of the human ventilatory control system: the response to hypoxia.
    Clinical physiology (Oxford, England), 2001, Volume: 21, Issue:4

    Topics: Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Chemoreceptor Cells; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Models, Theoretical; Respi

2001
Breath-holding time: effects of non-chemical factors in divers and non-divers.
    Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology, 2001, Volume: 442, Issue:4

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Adult; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Diving; Humans; Hypercapnia; Linear Models;

2001
Maturation of baseline breathing and of hypercapnic and hypoxic ventilatory responses in newborn mice.
    American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2001, Volume: 281, Issue:5

    Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Body Weight; Female; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Male; Mice; Plethysmogr

2001
Ventilatory responses to hypercapnia in divers and non-divers: effects of posture and immersion.
    European journal of applied physiology, 2001, Volume: 86, Issue:1

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Air; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Diving; Functional Residual Capacity; Helium;

2001
[Cardiorespiratory effects of exogenous hypercapnia in eels].
    Comptes rendus des seances de la Societe de biologie et de ses filiales, 1976, Volume: 170, Issue:5

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Eels; Heart Rate; Hypercapnia; Respiration

1976
Advances in the pathology of sleep.
    Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology. Supplement, 1978, Issue:34

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Disorders of Excessive Somnolence; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hypercapnia;

1978
Alveolar hypoventilation syndrome. Studies of ventilatory control in patients selected for diaphragm pacing.
    The American journal of medicine, 1978, Volume: 64, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Diaphragm; Electric Stimulation; Female; Humans; Hyp

1978
Integration of chemoreceptor stimuli by caudal pontile and rostral medullary sites.
    Journal of applied physiology, 1976, Volume: 41, Issue:5 Pt. 1

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Cats; Chemoreceptor Cells; Female; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Male; Medul

1976
Ventilatory responses to CO2 in the chicken: intrapulmonary and systemic chemoreceptors.
    Respiration physiology, 1977, Volume: 30, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Chemoreceptor Cells; Hypercapnia; Lung; Male; Respiration; Respirato

1977
Indirect evidence for arterial chemoreceptor reflex facilitation by face immersion in man.
    Aviation, space, and environmental medicine, 1976, Volume: 47, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Chemoreceptor Cells; Face; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypercapnia; Immersion; Male; Physical

1976
Hemodynamics in sleep-induced apnea. Studies during wakefulness and sleep.
    Annals of internal medicine, 1976, Volume: 85, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Airway Obstruction; Apnea; Blood Gas Analysis; Cardiac Catheterization; Hemodynamics; Humans;

1976
Cardiovascular responses to nasal water flow in rats are unaffected by chemoreceptor drive.
    The American journal of physiology, 1992, Volume: 263, Issue:5 Pt 2

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Cardiovascular System; Chemoreceptor Cells;

1992
Influence of central respiratory activity on the cough response in anesthetized dogs.
    The Japanese journal of physiology, 1991, Volume: 41, Issue:6

    Topics: Afferent Pathways; Anesthesia; Animals; Apnea; Cough; Dogs; Electromyography; Hypercapnia; Physical

1991
Behavioral arousal in newborn infants and its association with termination of apnea.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 1991, Volume: 70, Issue:6

    Topics: Airway Obstruction; Apnea; Arousal; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature

1991
Haemodynamic changes during the apnoea test for diagnosis of brain death.
    Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 1991, Volume: 38, Issue:4 Pt 1

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Brain Death; Carbon Dioxide; Cardiac Output; Dobutamine; Dopamin

1991
The interaction between severe hypercapnia and hypoxia.
    Nihon hoigaku zasshi = The Japanese journal of legal medicine, 1990, Volume: 44, Issue:5-6

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Male; Oxygen; Rabbits; Respiration

1990
Relationship between diaphragmatic activation and twitch tension to superimposed electrical stimulation in the cat.
    Respiration physiology, 1989, Volume: 76, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Cats; Diaphragm; Electric Stimulation; Hypercapnia; Isometric Contra

1989
Distinguishable sensations of breathlessness induced in normal volunteers.
    The American review of respiratory disease, 1989, Volume: 140, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Cluster Analysis; Dyspnea; Exercise; Female; Humans; Hypercapnia; Male

1989
Influence of carotid-denervation on the arousal and cardiopulmonary responses to alveolar hypercapnia in lambs.
    Journal of developmental physiology, 1989, Volume: 12, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Arousal; Carotid Body; Carotid Sinus; Chemoreceptor Cells; Denervation; Disease Mode

1989
Lateral pontine lesions affect central chemosensitivity in unanesthetized fetal lambs.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 1989, Volume: 67, Issue:3

    Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Animals; Apnea; Chemoreceptor Cells; Electroencephalography; Female; Fetus; Hyperc

1989
The carbon dioxide rate of rise in awake apneic humans.
    Journal of clinical anesthesia, 1988, Volume: 1, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Consciousness; Functional Residual Capacity; Humans; Hypercapnia; Lung

1988
Possible mechanisms of periodic breathing during sleep.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 1988, Volume: 64, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Blood Gas Analysis; Cheyne-Stokes Respiration; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans;

1988
Maturation of spontaneous fetal diaphragmatic activity and fetal response to hypercapnia and hypoxemia.
    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 1987, Volume: 63, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Diaphragm; Electromyography; Female; Fetus; Gestational Age; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; P

1987
Clinical and physiologic heterogeneity of the central sleep apnea syndrome.
    The American review of respiratory disease, 1986, Volume: 134, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Airway Resistance; Apnea; Blood Gas Analysis; Electrocardiography; Humans; Hypercapnia; Male;

1986
Absent hypoxic and hypercapnic arousal responses in children with myelomeningocele and apnea.
    Pediatrics, 1987, Volume: 79, Issue:2

    Topics: Apnea; Arousal; Child; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Meningomyelocele

1987
[Influence of blood gasometry modifications on the Hering Breuer reflex in rabbits].
    Comptes rendus des seances de la Societe de biologie et de ses filiales, 1971, Volume: 165, Issue:6

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Blood Gas Analysis; Carbon Dioxide; Hypercapnia; Hyperventilation; Hypoxia; Oxygen;

1971
Mechanical positive pressure ventilation of the newborn.
    The New Zealand medical journal, 1972, Volume: 76, Issue:484

    Topics: Apnea; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Positive-Pressure

1972
Effects of ventilatory patterns on arterial oxygenation after near-drowning in sea water.
    Anesthesiology, 1974, Volume: 40, Issue:4

    Topics: Acidosis, Respiratory; Adult; Animals; Apnea; Blood; Carbon Dioxide; Dogs; Drowning; Humans; Hydroge

1974
Use of the Fluotec Mark II for halothane-air anesthesia.
    Anesthesia and analgesia, 1973, Volume: 52, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Apnea; Blood Gas Analysis; Chromatography, Gas; Evaluatio

1973
[Sleep disorders and periodic respiration in obese subjects].
    Ceskoslovenska neurologie, 1973, Volume: 36, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Electromyography; Humans; Hypercapnia; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Periodicity; Respir

1973
The effect of hypercapnic hypoxia, accompanied by different levels of lung ventilation, on heart rate in the duck.
    Respiration physiology, 1973, Volume: 19, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Diving; Ducks; Heart Rate; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Oxy

1973
Carbon dioxide elimination during bronchoscopy. A comparison of two alternative general anaesthetic techniques.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 1968, Volume: 40, Issue:7

    Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Blood Specimen Collection; B

1968
Experimental drowning: coronary haemodynamics and myocardial metabolism in the dog.
    Quarterly journal of experimental physiology and cognate medical sciences, 1970, Volume: 55, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Coronary Vessels

1970
Mechanical ventilation of newborn infants. 3. Historical comments and development of a scoring system for selection of infants.
    Anesthesiology, 1971, Volume: 34, Issue:2

    Topics: Acidosis; Apnea; Bicarbonates; Bradycardia; Carbon Dioxide; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Conce

1971
Development of pulmonary reflexes and pattern of breathing in Virginia opossum.
    Respiration physiology, 1972, Volume: 14, Issue:3

    Topics: Aging; Animals; Apnea; Asphyxia; Diaphragm; Electromyography; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Intercos

1972
[Physiopathology of drowning].
    Revue medicale de Liege, 1972, Oct-15, Volume: 27, Issue:20

    Topics: Apnea; Blood Pressure; Drowning; Fresh Water; Heart; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Immersion; Lung;

1972
[Cholinesterase and prolonged apnea due to succinylcholine].
    Quaderni Sclavo di diagnostica clinica e di laboratorio, 1971, Volume: 7, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Anesthesia; Apnea; Cholinesterases; Female; Humans; Hydrolysis; Hypercapnia; Male; Middle Age

1971
An evaluation of the negative phase of a volume-limited ventilator.
    The American review of respiratory disease, 1967, Volume: 95, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Apnea; Cardiac Output; Female; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypotension; Infant, Newborn; Male;

1967
The effects of abnormal sympathetic nervous function upon the ventilatory response to hypoxia.
    The Journal of clinical investigation, 1970, Volume: 49, Issue:6

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Central Nervous System; Chemoreceptor Cells; Dysautonomia, Familial;

1970
Factors influencing the intensity of the Breuer-Hering inspiration-inhibiting reflex.
    Respiration physiology, 1970, Volume: 8, Issue:3

    Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Apnea; Dogs; Hypercapnia; Lung; Lung Compliance; Neurons, Afferent; Partial Pre

1970
Effect of vagal blockade on regulation of breathing in conscious dogs.
    Journal of applied physiology, 1970, Volume: 29, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Arteries; Carbon Dioxide; Consciousness; Dogs; Female; Fever; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia;

1970
Respiratory insensitivity to blood gases in nutrias (Myocastor coypus).
    Journal of applied physiology, 1971, Volume: 31, Issue:2

    Topics: Acidosis, Respiratory; Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Carnivora; Diving;

1971
Interaction of reflexes from chemo- and pulmonary stretch receptors in control of airway calibre.
    The Journal of physiology, 1971, Volume: 216, Issue:1

    Topics: Airway Resistance; Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Chemoreceptor Cells; Dilatation; Dogs; Hypercapni

1971
[On the significance of oxygen supply in drug induced central respiratory depression].
    Wiener klinische Wochenschrift, 1967, Jun-16, Volume: 79, Issue:24

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Fentanyl; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Neuroleptanalgesia; Oxygen Consumpti

1967
The effect of muscular paralysis induced by tubocurarine on the duration and sensation of breath-holding during hypercapnia.
    Clinical science, 1969, Volume: 36, Issue:2

    Topics: Apnea; Atropine; Carbon Dioxide; Humans; Hypercapnia; Male; Paralysis; Respiration; Sensation; Spiro

1969
Cardiovascular responses in apnoeic asphyxia: role of arterial chemoreceptors and the modification of their effects by a pulmonary vagal inflation reflex.
    The Journal of physiology, 1969, Volume: 201, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Apnea; Asphyxia; Carbon Dioxide; Chemoreceptor Cells; Dogs; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Lung; Oxy

1969