losartan has been researched along with valine in 165 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 18 (10.91) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 112 (67.88) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 34 (20.61) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (0.61) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Bauer, JH; Reams, GP | 1 |
| Bühlmayer, P; Criscione, L; de Gasparo, M; Ramjoué, HP; Whitebread, S; Wood, J | 1 |
| de Gasparo, M; Whitebread, S | 1 |
| Biollaz, J; Brunner, HR; Buclin, T; Csajka, C | 1 |
| Burrell, LM; Johnston, CI | 1 |
| Brooks, DP; Feuerstein, GZ; Ohlstein, EH; Ruffolo, RR | 1 |
| Bakris, GL | 1 |
| Leary, A; Lim, P; MacDonald, T; Naas, A; Shiels, P | 1 |
| Angiolini, M; Belvisi, L; Poma, D; Salimbeni, A; Sciammetta, N; Scolastico, C | 1 |
| Brunner, HR; Burnier, M; Maillard, M; Mazzolai, L; Nussberger, J; Rossat, J | 1 |
| Gatlin, M; Hedner, T; Kobi, P; Oddou-Stock, P; Oparil, S; Rapelli, A; Rasmussen, K; Sullivan, J | 1 |
| Kirk, JK | 1 |
| McInnes, GT | 1 |
| Kaplan, NM | 1 |
| Belz, GG; Butzer, R; Kober, S; Mang, C; Mutschler, E | 1 |
| Spence, JD | 1 |
| van Veldhuisen, DJ; Voors, AA | 1 |
| Coca, A; Giner, V | 1 |
| Brunner, HR; Burnier, M; Centeno, C; Daven, V; Maillard, MP; Mazzolai, L; Nussberger, J | 1 |
| Petkun, W | 1 |
| Benedict, C; Bunt, AM; Conlin, PR; Ribeiro, AB; Saito, I; Spence, JD; Williams, B | 1 |
| Casado, S; Farré, J; Gómez, J; Jiménez, A; López-Blaya, A; López-Farré, A; Montón, M; Núñez, A; Sánchez de Miguel, L; Zalba, LR | 1 |
| DelGrande, D; Shetty, SS | 1 |
| Kiukaanniemi, K; Pelkonen, O; Taavitsainen, P | 1 |
| Birkenhäger, WH; de Leeuw, PW | 1 |
| Carey, RM; Siragy, HM | 1 |
| Elliott, WJ | 1 |
| Burnier, M | 1 |
| Buczko, W; Chabielska, E; Chłopicki, S; Gryglewski, RJ; Koda, M | 1 |
| Vidt, DG | 1 |
| Arriero, MM; Cabestrero, F; Casado, S; de Miguel, LS; Farré, J; García, R; García-Colis, E; Gómez, J; Jiménez, AM; López-Farré, A; Montón, M; Núñez, A; Rico, L | 1 |
| Ramahi, TM | 1 |
| Casado, S; Gómez, J; Jiménez, A; Lopez-Bloya, A; López-Farré, A; Montón, M; Núñez, A; Rico, L; Sánchez de Miguel, L | 1 |
| Miller, AB; Srivastava, P | 1 |
| Magometschnigg, D | 1 |
| Fruhwald, FM; Kickenweiz, E; Klein, W; Zweiker, R | 1 |
| Coats, AJ | 1 |
| Benachi, A; Daikha-Dahmane, F; Gubler, MC; Laurent, N; Martinovic, J | 1 |
| Calhoun, DA; DeLucca, PT; Elliott, WJ; Gazdick, LP; Kerns, DE; Zeldin, RK | 1 |
| Auer, JW; Berent, R; Eber, B | 1 |
| Ogihara, T; Rakugi, H | 1 |
| Komajda, M | 2 |
| Carey, RM; Howell, NL; Jin, XH; Siragy, HM | 1 |
| Brunner, HR; Burnier, M; Centeno, C; Maillard, MP; Nussberger, J; Würzner, G | 1 |
| Akesolo, U; Alonso, RM; González, L; Jiménez, RM | 1 |
| McMurray, JJ | 1 |
| Casado, S; Gómez, J; Jiménez, A; López-Blaya, A; López-Farré, A; Montón, M; Núñez, A; Uriarte, AC; Velasco, S; Zalba, LR | 1 |
| Belz, GG; Breithaupt-Grögler, K; Butzer, R; Fuchs, W; Hausdorf, C; Mang, C | 1 |
| Carey, RM; De Gasparo, M; El-Kersh, MA; Siragy, HM; Webb, RL | 1 |
| Rapi, J | 1 |
| Fakouhi, K; He, W; Krause, S; Krum, H; Nolly, H; Roniker, B; Workman, D | 1 |
| Andersson, OK; Elmfeldt, D; Friberg, PR; Fridman, KU; Wysocki, M | 1 |
| Buczko, W; Chabielska, E; Kalinowski, L; Malinski, T; Matys, T | 1 |
| Kim, S | 1 |
| Sato, H | 1 |
| Allcock, NM; Graham, MR | 1 |
| Edvinsson, L; Malmsjö, M; Pantev, E; Stenman, E; Wackenfors, A | 1 |
| Elmfeldt, D; Meredith, P; Olofsson, B | 1 |
| Boonstra, PW; Buikema, H; Lübeck, RH; van Buiten, A; van Gilst, WH; van Veldhuisen, DJ; Voors, AA; Wagenaar, LJ | 1 |
| Kubota, T; Takeshita, A | 1 |
| Alföldi, S | 1 |
| Terra, SG | 1 |
| Bessard, G; Caron, F; Cracowski, JL; Hakim, A; Hoffmann, P; Sessa, C; Stanke-Labesque, F | 1 |
| Preobrazhenskiĭ, DV; Sidorenko, BA; Stetsenko, TM; Tarykina, EV; Tsurko, VV | 1 |
| Hashimoto, R; Kawahara, S; Matsuzaki, M; Umemoto, S | 1 |
| Jermendy, G; Matos, L; Winkler, G | 2 |
| Dominiak, P; Häuser, W | 1 |
| Vachiéry, JL | 1 |
| Buczko, W; Chabielska, E; Domaniewski, T; Kucharewicz, I; Matys, T; Pawlak, R | 1 |
| Latini, R; Maggioni, AP; Masson, S; Staszewsky, L | 1 |
| Pfeffer, M | 1 |
| Avery, MA; Benson, SC; Chittiboyina, A; Desai, P; Ho, CI; Kurtz, TW; Pershadsingh, HA; Pravenec, M; Qi, N; Wang, J | 1 |
| Ivanova, NA; Preobrazhenskiĭ, DV; Sidorenko, BA; Soplevenko, AV; Stetsenko, TM | 1 |
| Anzai, T; Hashimoto, K; Himeno, H; Imai, K; Kawana, M; Kitakaze, M; Koretsune, Y; Maruyama, S; Masaoka, Y; Matsubara, H; Matsuoka, T; Miyao, Y; Miyatake, K; Miyauchi, T; Nakamura, Y; Nomura, F; Okamoto, H; Ozono, K; Sekiya, M; Shinohara, H; Shintani, U; Shiraki, T; Takaoka, H; Tsutamoto, T; Yasumura, Y; Yokoya, K; Yokoyama, H | 1 |
| Bork, K; Dewald, G | 1 |
| Lindholm, LH | 1 |
| Suzuki, H | 1 |
| Awad, AS; Carey, RM; Siragy, HM; Webb, RL | 1 |
| Stumpe, KO | 1 |
| Chihara, Y; Fujimori, T; Iidaka, K; Inada, H; Ishimitsu, T; Matsuoka, H; Ogihara, T; Ono, H; Ono, Y; Rakugi, H; Ueda, Y | 1 |
| Chen, K; Joseph, J; Joseph, L; Li, D; Mehta, JL | 1 |
| Dubiel, R; Jones, M; Smith, DH | 1 |
| Komuro, I; Kuwabara, Y | 1 |
| Adani, GL; Baccarani, U; Boscutti, G; Bresadola, F; Gropuzzo, M; Mioni, G; Mioni, R; Montanaro, D; Risaliti, A; Sainz, M; Tulissi, P; Vallone, C | 1 |
| Erhardt, LR | 1 |
| Asayama, K; Hashimoto, J; Imai, Y; Kikuya, M; Metoki, H; Nishimura, T; Ohkubo, T; Totsune, K | 1 |
| Chappell, MC; Ferrario, CM; Gallagher, PE; Tallant, EA | 1 |
| Barrios Alonso, V; Calderón Montero, A; Escobar Cervantes, C | 1 |
| Horio, T; Inenaga, T; Kamide, K; Kawano, Y; Kubota, Y; Ogata, C; Sasaki, O; Sato, H; Suzuki, Y; Takiuchi, S | 1 |
| Coleman, CI; Kalus, JS; White, CM | 1 |
| Chrysant, GS; Chrysant, SG | 1 |
| Cheung, BM | 1 |
| Cesolari, JA; Laudanno, OM | 1 |
| Chiang, CE; Coloma, R; Feig, P; Guptha, S; Ke, Y; Kim, D; Massaad, R; Sun, N; Tseng, CD; Vala, M; Watanabe, LA; Wei, M | 1 |
| Iwanaga, T; Maeda, T; Ogihara, T; Sato, M; Tamai, I | 1 |
| Koyabu, N; Kuwano, M; Murakami, H; Nakamura, T; Ohtani, H; Satoh, H; Sawada, Y; Tsujimoto, M; Uchiumi, T; Ushigome, F; Yamashita, F | 1 |
| Imaizumi, S; Iwata, A; Kiya, Y; Kumagai, K; Matsuo, K; Miura, S; Nishikawa, H; Saku, K; Shimomura, H; Shirai, K; Zhang, B | 1 |
| Bianchetti, MG; Fossali, E; Ghiglia, S; Limoni, C; Meier, CM; Salice, P; Simonetti, GD | 1 |
| Giles, TD; Oparil, S; Silfani, TN; Walker, JF; Wang, A | 1 |
| Behlouli, H; Hudson, M; Humphries, K; Pilote, L; Sheppard, R; Tu, JV | 1 |
| Mitsuyama, S | 1 |
| Akazawa, H; Komuro, I; Kudo, Y | 1 |
| Cierco, M; Garrido, MR; Gutiérrez, A; Israel, A; Zavala, LE | 1 |
| Murakami, M; Nakagiri, A; Sunamoto, M | 1 |
| Fujino, M; Imaizumi, S; Kanazawa, T; Karnik, SS; Kiya, Y; Matsuo, Y; Miura, S; Saku, K | 1 |
| Victor, RG | 1 |
| Deswal, A; Mann, DL; Ramasubbu, K | 1 |
| Belsey, JD | 1 |
| Ikee, R; Kobayashi, S; Maesato, K; Mano, T; Moriya, H; Ohtake, T; Oka, M | 1 |
| Mourad, JJ; Waeber, B | 1 |
| Dal Pan, GJ; Governale, LA; Hammad, TA; McAdams, MA; Swartz, L | 1 |
| Araki, R; Ikeda, N; Inoue, T; Kanno, Y; Shoda, J; Sugahara, S; Suzuki, H; Takenaka, T | 1 |
| Hamamoto, Y; Honjo, S; Ikeda, H; Koshiyama, H; Nabe, K; Wada, Y | 1 |
| Hatzitolios, A; Ntaios, G; Savopoulos, C | 1 |
| Araki, SI; Haneda, M; Isshiki, K; Kanasaki, M; Kashiwagi, A; Koya, D; Kume, S; Sakaguchi, M; Sugiomoto, T; Uzu, T; Yokomaku, Y | 1 |
| Kuji, T; Masuda, S; Okano, Y; Tamura, K; Tochikubo, O; Umemura, S | 1 |
| Falvey, H; Lowy, A; Müller, E; Nixon, RM | 1 |
| Ayala, C; Clavijo, S; Contreras, Y; del Rosario Brunetto, M; Delgado, Y; Estela, JM; Gallignani, M; Martin, VC; Ovalles, F; Torres, D | 1 |
| Bhuiyan, MA; Hossain, M; Ishiguro, M; Miura, S; Nagatomo, T; Nakamura, T; Ozaki, M | 1 |
| Harada, N; Okajima, K; Shimozawa, N | 1 |
| Andraus, MH; Azevedo, CP; Borges, BC; Borges, NC; Moreira, RF; Moreno, RA; Salvadori, MC | 1 |
| Hotta, H; Ishikawa, S; Itoh, T; Kim, SJ; Kuno, A; Maeda, T; Miki, T; Miura, T; Satoh, T; Shimamoto, K; Tanno, M; Terashima, Y; Togashi, N; Yano, T | 1 |
| Masuda, S; Okano, Y; Ozawa, M; Tamura, K; Tochikubo, O; Umemura, S | 1 |
| McMurray, JJ; Swedberg, K | 1 |
| Burnier, M; Coltamai, L; Maillard, M; Simon, A; Vogt, B | 1 |
| Derosa, G; Fogari, R; Mugellini, A; Preti, P; Zoppi, A | 1 |
| Bhuiyan, MA; Hossain, M; Nagatomo, T; Nakamura, T; Ozaki, M | 1 |
| Dong, YF; Fukuda, M; Kataoka, K; Kim-Mitsuyama, S; Lai, ZF; Liu, L; Nakamura, T; Nako, H; Ogawa, H; Tokutomi, Y; Yamamoto, E | 1 |
| Ekman, M; Fragoulakis, V; Maniadakis, N; Papagiannopoulou, V; Yfantopoulos, J | 1 |
| Suzuki, H; Takenaka, T | 1 |
| Arsenault, J; Cabana, J; Escher, E; Guillemette, G; Lanthier, L; Lavigne, P; Leduc, R; Lehoux, J | 1 |
| Bilo, G; Mancia, G; Parati, G; Schumacher, H | 1 |
| Ge, J; Gong, H; Komuro, I; Li, L; Lin, L; Wu, J; Zhou, N; Zou, Y | 1 |
| Circelli, M; Cremonesi, G; Fogari, R; Mugellini, A | 1 |
| Aparasu, RR; Ashton, CM; Chen, H; Desai, RJ; Deswal, A; Johnson, ML; Mehta, HB; Morgan, RO | 1 |
| Duprez, D; Ferdinand, KC; Purkayastha, D; Samuel, R; Wright, RF | 1 |
| Nagahama, M; Seki, M | 1 |
| Inoue, A; Kuwano, T; Mitsutake, R; Miura, S; Morii, J; Saku, K; Shiga, Y; Uehara, Y | 1 |
| Biskupiak, J; Qian, C; Quah, R; Ram, CV; Ramaswamy, K; Russo, PA; Ryan, A | 1 |
| Baker, TM; Brede, Y; Brown, RE; Falvey, H; Goh, J; Johnston, A | 1 |
| Gandhi, HP; Giridhar, R; Naik, PP; Yadav, MR | 1 |
| Duprez, D; Ferdinand, K; Purkayastha, D; Samuel, R; Wright, R | 1 |
| Hasegawa, H; Kameda, Y; Kobayashi, Y; Komuro, I; Kubota, A; Takano, H | 1 |
| Corbalan, JJ; Jacob, RF; Jacoby, A; Kubant, R; Louka, F; Malinski, T; Mason, RP | 1 |
| Joffe, MM; Yang, W | 1 |
| Al-Abadi, E; Milford, DV; Smith, M | 1 |
| Aksak, S; Albayrak, A; Albayrak, F; Gundogdu, C; Halici, Z; Karakus, E; Kiki, I; Ozturk, B; Polat, B; Sipal, S | 1 |
| Aoyama, T; Goto, M; Goto, N; Hiei, K; Iwasa, M; Kawai, N; Kida, K; Kobayashi, H; Kojima, S; Minagawa, T; Minatoguchi, S; Oda, M; Sugishita, F; Takai, K; Tanaka, R; Watanabe, I; Yamamoto, N; Yasue, T | 1 |
| Baek, IH; Kwon, KI; Lee, BY; Lee, ES | 1 |
| Allen, RR; Ghushchyan, V; Kaila, S; Nair, KV; Saseen, JJ | 1 |
| Asai, S; Kanou, N; Nakayama, T; Nishida, Y; Susa, N; Takahashi, Y | 1 |
| Caffrey, JL; Chang, CH; Lai, MS; Lin, JW; Wu, LC | 1 |
| Miyake, S; Nagai, N; Narimatsu, T; Ozawa, Y; Tsubota, K | 1 |
| Komano, H; Liu, J; Liu, S; Maeda, T; Tanabe, C; Zou, K | 1 |
| Gislason, GH; Kristensen, SL; Køber, L; Lamberts, M; Selmer, C; Torp-Pedersen, C; von Kappelgaard, LM | 1 |
| Flavahan, NA; Flavahan, S; Leung, SW; Vanhoutte, PM; Xu, A; Zhao, Y | 1 |
| Liang, H; Tang, T; Xie, M | 1 |
51 review(s) available for losartan and valine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
The angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists. A new class of antihypertensive drugs.
Topics: Acrylates; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Humans; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Losartan; Pyridines; Quinolines; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Thiophenes; Valine; Valsartan | 1995 |
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic profile of angiotensin II receptor antagonists.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Imidazoles; Losartan; Renin; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 1997 |
Angiotensin II receptor antagonists. Potential in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clinical Trials as Topic; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Kidney Diseases; Losartan; Renin-Angiotensin System; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 1997 |
Angiotensin II receptor blockers in hypertension and renal disease.
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Humans; Hypertension; Kidney Diseases; Losartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 1998 |
Angiotensin-II receptor antagonists: their place in therapy.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Interactions; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypertension; Irbesartan; Losartan; Renin-Angiotensin System; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 1999 |
Clinical advantage of valsartan.
Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Hypertension; Losartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 1999 |
Angiotensin II receptor antagonists in the treatment of hypertension.
Topics: Algorithms; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Humans; Hypertension; Irbesartan; Losartan; Receptors, Angiotensin; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 1999 |
[Antihypertensive advantages of angiotensin II AT1 receptor antagonism].
Topics: Aged; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Clinical Trials as Topic; Heart Diseases; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Losartan; Renin-Angiotensin System; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 1999 |
Angiotensin II antagonists for hypertension: are there differences in efficacy?
Topics: Angiotensin II; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Humans; Hypertension; Irbesartan; Losartan; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2000 |
[Use of angiotensin-II-antagonists in hypertension].
Topics: Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hypertension; Losartan; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Receptors, Angiotensin; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2000 |
Prospective trials of angiotensin receptor blockers: beyond blood pressure control.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Humans; Hypertension; Losartan; Myocardial Infarction; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2000 |
Therapeutic trials comparing angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers.
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Humans; Hypertension; Losartan; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2000 |
Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers.
Topics: Angiotensin I; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Binding, Competitive; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Drug Design; Humans; Irbesartan; Losartan; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; Protein Binding; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; Receptors, Angiotensin; Renin-Angiotensin System; Saralasin; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2001 |
Expanded role for ARBs in cardiovascular and renal disease? Recent observations have far-reaching implications.
Topics: Acrylates; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biological Availability; Biphenyl Compounds; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Kidney Diseases; Losartan; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Patient Selection; Renin-Angiotensin System; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Thiophenes; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2001 |
Angiotensin II AT(1) receptor antagonists and platelet activation.
Topics: 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Coronary Disease; Coronary Thrombosis; Humans; Losartan; P-Selectin; Platelet Activation; Platelet Aggregation; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; Receptors, Thromboxane; Tetrazoles; Thrombosis; Thromboxane A2; Valine; Valsartan | 2001 |
Angiotensin receptor blockers and aldosterone antagonists in chronic heart failure.
Topics: Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Captopril; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypertension; Losartan; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Renin-Angiotensin System; Spironolactone; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2001 |
[Angiotensin receptor blockers--significance for the therapy of hypertension].
Topics: Acrylates; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents; Austria; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Losartan; Prodrugs; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Therapeutic Equivalency; Thiophenes; Valine; Valsartan | 2001 |
[Angiotensin I receptor blockers for heart failure].
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents; Austria; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Contraindications; Cough; Drug Therapy, Combination; Heart Failure; Humans; Losartan; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2001 |
Angiotensin receptor blockers -- finally the evidence is coming in: IDNT and RENAAL.
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Hypertension; Irbesartan; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Losartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2001 |
[Review of randomized trials of angiotensin receptor blockers in the treatment of patients with congestive heart failure].
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Captopril; Drug Therapy, Combination; Heart Failure; Humans; Losartan; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2001 |
Angiotensin II receptor antagonists for the treatment of heart failure: what is their place after ELITE-II and Val-HeFT?
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Heart Failure; Humans; Losartan; Renin-Angiotensin System; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2001 |
[Irbesartan: a new possibility in the treatment of hypertension].
Topics: Acrylates; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Atenolol; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biological Availability; Biphenyl Compounds; Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Administration Schedule; Enalapril; Half-Life; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Losartan; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Thiophenes; Valine; Valsartan | 2002 |
[Tendency and prospect of the development of new ARBs].
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Losartan; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2002 |
[Acute myocardial infarction].
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Captopril; Clinical Trials as Topic; Coronary Restenosis; Female; Humans; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2002 |
The relationships between dose and antihypertensive effect of four AT1-receptor blockers. Differences in potency and efficacy.
Topics: Adult; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2002 |
[Treatment of heart failure based on large-scale clinical trials: renin-angiotensin system antagonists and beta-blockers].
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Therapy, Combination; Evidence-Based Medicine; Heart Failure; Humans; Losartan; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left | 2003 |
[Diurnal blood pressure control in the optimal treatment of hypertension].
Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Circadian Rhythm; Humans; Hypertension; Irbesartan; Losartan; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2003 |
[Angiotensin I receptor antagonist losartan. Part II. Effects in arterial hypertension and diabetic nephropathy].
Topics: Angiotensin I; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Diastole; Diuretics; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Hypertension; Irbesartan; Losartan; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Placebos; Prognosis; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; Systole; Tetrazoles; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2003 |
[Angiotensin receptor blockers in chronic heart failure].
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Double-Blind Method; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypertension; Japan; Losartan; Myocardial Infarction; Neurotransmitter Agents; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk Factors; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left; Ventricular Remodeling | 2003 |
[Theoretical background of angiotensin II receptor blockade and its features in clinical pharmacology].
Topics: Acrylates; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Humans; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Losartan; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; Renin-Angiotensin System; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Thiophenes; Valine; Valsartan | 2003 |
[Cardiologic and diabetologic aspects of therapy with angiotensin receptor blocking agents].
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diabetes Complications; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypertension; Losartan; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Renin-Angiotensin System; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2003 |
Valsartan for the treatment of heart failure.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Therapy, Combination; Heart Failure; Humans; Losartan; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2004 |
[Candesartan - a novel AT(1)-angiotensin receptor blocker: peculiarities of pharmacology and experience of use in arterial hypertension].
Topics: Acrylates; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Diabetic Nephropathies; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Losartan; Tetrazoles; Thiophenes; Valine; Valsartan | 2004 |
Angiotensin type 1 receptor blockers in chronic kidney disease.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diabetic Nephropathies; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Losartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2004 |
Olmesartan compared with other angiotensin II receptor antagonists: head-to-head trials.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Losartan; Olmesartan Medoxomil; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2004 |
[Ace inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists for therapy of chronic heart failure].
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Clinical Trials as Topic; Enalapril; Heart Failure; Humans; Indoles; Lisinopril; Losartan; Renin-Angiotensin System; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2005 |
A review of the current evidence for the use of angiotensin-receptor blockers in chronic heart failure.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Captopril; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drug Tolerance; Heart Failure; Humans; Losartan; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2005 |
[ARB II in chronic heart failure. Coincidences and divergences. Class effect?].
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Chronic Disease; Heart Failure; Humans; Losartan; Systole; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2005 |
Update on the efficacy of angiotensin receptor blockers in treatment of hypertension.
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Captopril; Diabetes Complications; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Hypertension; Losartan; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2005 |
The impact of suppressing the renin-angiotensin system on atrial fibrillation.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Atrial Fibrillation; Combined Modality Therapy; Electric Countershock; Enalapril; Humans; Indoles; Losartan; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Renin-Angiotensin System; Secondary Prevention; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2006 |
The pleiotropic effects of angiotensin receptor blockers.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Atrial Fibrillation; Diabetes Mellitus; Heart; Humans; Kidney; Losartan; Platelet Aggregation; Stroke; Tetrazoles; Uric Acid; Valine; Valsartan | 2006 |
Therapeutic potential of angiotensin receptor blockers in hypertension.
Topics: Aged; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Coronary Disease; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Losartan; Male; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Myocardial Infarction; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Renin-Angiotensin System; Survival Analysis; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2006 |
[ARB: characteristics, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, indication, contraindication, clinical data, and side effects].
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Clinical Trials as Topic; Contraindications; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Losartan; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2007 |
[Pharmocological therapeutics for chronic heart failure--how to use ARB (angiotensin receptor blocker].
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Therapy, Combination; Heart Failure; Humans; Losartan; Myocardial Infarction; Severity of Illness Index; Survival Rate; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2007 |
Pathophysiology of target-organ disease: does angiotensin II remain the key?
Topics: Angiotensin II; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Blood Pressure; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Disease Progression; Humans; Hypertension; Losartan; Myocardial Infarction; Renin; Renin-Angiotensin System; Stroke; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2007 |
Anti-angiotensin therapy: new perspectives.
Topics: Amides; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Chronic Disease; Fumarates; Heart Failure; Humans; Losartan; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Renin; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2007 |
Valsartan vs. other angiotensin II receptor blockers in the treatment of hypertension: a meta-analytical approach.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Losartan; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Renin-Angiotensin System; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2009 |
[Recent clinical evidences of RAS inhibitors on chronic kidney diseases].
Topics: Amides; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Therapy, Combination; Evidence-Based Medicine; Fumarates; Kidney Diseases; Losartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2010 |
Evaluating 24-h antihypertensive efficacy by the smoothness index: a meta-analysis of an ambulatory blood pressure monitoring database.
Topics: Amlodipine; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; Databases, Factual; Female; Humans; Losartan; Male; Ramipril; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2010 |
Combination delapril/manidipine as antihypertensive therapy in high-risk patients.
Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diabetes Complications; Dihydropyridines; Drug Combinations; Enalapril; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Indans; Irbesartan; Losartan; Nitrobenzenes; Obesity; Olmesartan Medoxomil; Piperazines; Ramipril; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2011 |
Efficacy of single-pill combination in uncontrolled essential hypertension: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Topics: Amlodipine; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Drug Therapy, Combination; Essential Hypertension; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Hypertension; Irbesartan; Losartan; Network Meta-Analysis; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2023 |
30 trial(s) available for losartan and valine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
The ELITE study. Evaluation of Losartan in the Elderly Study.
Topics: Adult; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Captopril; Creatine; Cross-Over Studies; Electrocardiography; Heart; Humans; Losartan; Male; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 1998 |
Angiotensin II receptor blockade in normotensive subjects: A direct comparison of three AT1 receptor antagonists.
Topics: Adult; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; Tetrazoles; Time Factors; Valine; Valsartan | 1999 |
A comparison of the angiotensin II antagonists valsartan and losartan in the treatment of essential hypertension.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Diastole; Dizziness; Double-Blind Method; Female; Headache; Humans; Hypertension; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Patient Dropouts; Systole; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 1999 |
Time course and extent of angiotensin II antagonism after irbesartan, losartan, and valsartan in humans assessed by angiotensin II dose response and radioligand receptor assay.
Topics: Adult; Angiotensin II; Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Half-Life; Humans; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Radioligand Assay; Reference Values; Tetrazoles; Time Factors; Valine; Valsartan | 1999 |
Assessment of angiotensin II receptor blockade in humans using a standardized angiotensin II receptor-binding assay.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Biomarkers; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hypertension; Irbesartan; Losartan; Radioligand Assay; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; Reproducibility of Results; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan; Vasoconstrictor Agents | 1999 |
Losartan versus valsartan in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension: data from a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, 12-week trial.
Topics: Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Uric Acid; Valine; Valsartan | 2001 |
Comparative angiotensin II receptor blockade in healthy volunteers: the importance of dosing.
Topics: Adult; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Renin; Renin-Angiotensin System; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2002 |
The pharmacological potency of various AT(1) antagonists assessed by Schild regression technique in man.
Topics: Adult; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Reference Values; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2000 |
Efficacy of eplerenone added to renin-angiotensin blockade in hypertensive patients.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Diarrhea; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Eplerenone; Female; Headache; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypertension; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Patient Dropouts; Renin-Angiotensin System; Spironolactone; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2002 |
Influence of AT1 receptor blockade on blood pressure, renal haemodynamics and hormonal responses to intravenous angiotensin II infusion in hypertensive patients.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hypertension; Infusions, Intravenous; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Renal Circulation; Renin; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2002 |
Rationale for the use of combination angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin II receptor blocker therapy in heart failure.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Exercise Tolerance; Female; Heart Failure; Heart Function Tests; Humans; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Receptors, Angiotensin; Renin; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2004 |
Use of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring to assess antihypertensive efficacy: a comparison of olmesartan medoxomil, losartan potassium, valsartan, and irbesartan.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; Circadian Rhythm; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Monitoring, Physiologic; Olmesartan Medoxomil; Single-Blind Method; Tetrazoles; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2005 |
Renoprotective effect of early inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system in renal transplant recipients.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Creatinine; Enalapril; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hypertension; Kidney Function Tests; Kidney Transplantation; Losartan; Proteinuria; Ramipril; Renal Artery; Renin-Angiotensin System; Tetrazoles; Time Factors; Valine; Valsartan | 2005 |
Effect on blood pressure control of switching from valsartan monotherapy to losartan/hydrochlorothiazide in Asian patients with hypertension: results of a multicentre open-label trial.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Asian People; Blood Pressure; Drug Combinations; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2006 |
Do valsartan and losartan have the same effects in the treatment of coronary artery disease?
Topics: Aged; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Case-Control Studies; Coronary Angiography; Coronary Artery Disease; Coronary Restenosis; Coronary Stenosis; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; L-Selectin; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2007 |
Palatability of angiotensin II antagonists among nephropathic children.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Irbesartan; Kidney Diseases; Losartan; Male; Patient Compliance; Patient Satisfaction; Smell; Taste; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2007 |
Comparison of increasing doses of olmesartan medoxomil, losartan potassium, and valsartan in patients with essential hypertension.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Olmesartan Medoxomil; Severity of Illness Index; Single-Blind Method; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2007 |
[Role of the renin-angiotensin system on the sympathetic response induced by the cold pressor test in humans].
Topics: Acrylates; Adult; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Blood Pressure; Cold Temperature; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Imidazoles; Losartan; Male; Receptors, Angiotensin; Renin-Angiotensin System; Sympathetic Nervous System; Tetrazoles; Thiophenes; Valine; Valsartan | 2007 |
Effect of angiotensin receptor blockers on cardiovascular events in patients undergoing hemodialysis: an open-label randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Cardiovascular Diseases; Female; Humans; Incidence; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Renal Dialysis; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2008 |
Olmesartan reduced microalbuminuria in Japanese subjects with type 2 diabetes.
Topics: Aged; Albuminuria; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Asian People; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2009 |
Effects of high sodium intake and diuretics on the circadian rhythm of blood pressure in type 2 diabetic patients treated with an angiotensin II receptor blocker.
Topics: Aged; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Circadian Rhythm; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diuretics; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Hypertension; Japan; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Sodium; Sodium, Dietary; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2009 |
Effects of angiotensin II receptor blockers on relationships between 24-hour blood pressure, autonomic function, and health-related QOL.
Topics: Aged; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Autonomic Nervous System; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Circadian Rhythm; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Health Surveys; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Quality of Life; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2009 |
Simultaneous determination of losartan and hydrochlorothiazide in human plasma by LC/MS/MS with electrospray ionization and its application to pharmacokinetics.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Chlorthalidone; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Losartan; Male; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Tetrazoles; Therapeutic Equivalency; Valine; Valsartan | 2009 |
Effects of angiotensin II receptor blockers on the relationships between ambulatory blood pressure and anti-hypertensive effects, autonomic function, and health-related quality of life.
Topics: Aged; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; Circadian Rhythm; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Quality of Life; Sympathetic Nervous System; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2009 |
Comparative vascular and renal tubular effects of angiotensin II receptor blockers combined with a thiazide diuretic in humans.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Diuretics; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Kidney Tubules; Losartan; Single-Blind Method; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2010 |
Valsartan addition to amlodipine is more effective than losartan addition in hypertensive patients inadequately controlled by amlodipine.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Amlodipine; Anthracenes; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Cross-Over Studies; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2010 |
Combination angiotensin-receptor blocker (ARB)/calcium channel blocker with HCTZ vs the maximal recommended dose of an ARB with HCTZ in patients with stage 2 hypertension: the exforge as compared to losartan treatment in stage 2 systolic hypertension (EXA
Topics: Amlodipine; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Blood Pressure; Calcium Channel Blockers; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Hypertension; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Severity of Illness Index; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; United States; Valine; Valsartan | 2011 |
Ambulatory blood pressure response to triple therapy with an angiotensin-receptor blocker (ARB), calcium-channel blocker (CCB), and HCTZ versus dual therapy with an ARB and HCTZ.
Topics: Amlodipine; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; Calcium Channel Blockers; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Hypertension; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2011 |
Effect of switching from telmisartan, valsartan, olmesartan, or losartan to candesartan on morning hypertension.
Topics: Aged; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Asian People; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; Circadian Rhythm; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Japan; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2012 |
Comparative effect of candesartan and amlodipine, and effect of switching from valsartan, losartan, telmisartan and olmesartan to candesartan, on early morning hypertension and heart rate.
Topics: Aged; Amlodipine; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Drug Substitution; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2013 |
84 other study(ies) available for losartan and valine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Pharmacological profile of valsartan: a potent, orally active, nonpeptide antagonist of the angiotensin II AT1-receptor subtype.
Topics: Angiotensin I; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Biphenyl Compounds; Cattle; Female; Humans; Imidazoles; In Vitro Techniques; Losartan; Male; Rabbits; Rats; Receptors, Angiotensin; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 1993 |
Binding of valsartan to mammalian angiotensin AT1 receptors.
Topics: 1-Sarcosine-8-Isoleucine Angiotensin II; Adrenal Glands; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Biphenyl Compounds; Callithrix; Cell Membrane; Dogs; Humans; Imidazoles; Liver; Losartan; Molecular Structure; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Protein Binding; Rats; Receptors, Angiotensin; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 1995 |
Inhibition of sympathetic outflow by the angiotensin II receptor antagonist, eprosartan, but not by losartan, valsartan or irbesartan: relationship to differences in prejunctional angiotensin II receptor blockade.
Topics: Acrylates; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Decerebrate State; Electric Stimulation; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sympathetic Nervous System; Tetrazoles; Thiophenes; Valine; Valsartan | 1997 |
Design and synthesis of nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonists featuring acyclic imidazole-mimicking structural units.
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Drug Design; Humans; Imidazoles; Kinetics; Losartan; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Structure; Static Electricity; Stereoisomerism; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 1998 |
Efficacy of angiotensin II antagonists in hypertension.
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Diuretics; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Hypertension; Irbesartan; Losartan; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 1999 |
Blockade of the renin angiotensin system in heart failure: the potential place of angiotensin II receptor blockers.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Heart Failure; Humans; Losartan; Receptors, Angiotensin; Renin-Angiotensin System; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2000 |
AT1-receptor blockers.
Topics: Angiotensin I; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypertension; Irbesartan; Losartan; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2000 |
Comparative effects of angiotensin II AT-1-type receptor antagonists in vitro on human platelet activation.
Topics: 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; Adenosine Diphosphate; Adult; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Binding, Competitive; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Platelets; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Losartan; Platelet Activation; Pyridines; Radioligand Assay; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; Receptors, Angiotensin; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Thromboxane A2; Time Factors; Valine; Valsartan | 2000 |
Differential inhibition of the prejunctional actions of angiotensin II in rat atria by valsartan, irbesartan, eprosartan, and losartan.
Topics: Acrylates; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Biphenyl Compounds; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Heart; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Receptors, Angiotensin; Sympathetic Nervous System; Tetrazoles; Thiophenes; Valine; Valsartan | 2000 |
In vitro inhibition screening of human hepatic P450 enzymes by five angiotensin-II receptor antagonists.
Topics: Acrylates; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Imidazoles; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Irbesartan; Losartan; Microsomes, Liver; Protein Isoforms; Tetrazoles; Thiophenes; Valine; Valsartan | 2000 |
Antiplatelet action of losartan involves TXA2 receptor antagonism but not TXA2 synthase inhibition.
Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Platelets; Collagen; Humans; Imidazoles; Losartan; Platelet Aggregation; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Receptors, Thromboxane; Tetrazoles; Thromboxane-A Synthase; Valine; Valsartan | 2000 |
Can angiotensin II receptor blockers be used in patients who have developed a cough or angioedema as a result of taking an ACE inhibitor?
Topics: Acrylates; Angioedema; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Black or African American; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cough; Female; Humans; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sex Factors; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Thiophenes; Valine; Valsartan | 2001 |
Inhibition of platelet activation in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats: comparison of losartan, candesartan, and valsartan.
Topics: 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Platelets; Blood Pressure; Humans; Hypertension; Losartan; P-Selectin; Platelet Activation; Platelet Adhesiveness; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Stroke; Tetrazoles; Thromboxane A2; Valine; Valsartan | 2001 |
Fetal toxic effects and angiotensin-II-receptor antagonists.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Adult; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Losartan; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2001 |
Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers and congestive heart failure.
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents; Captopril; Clinical Trials as Topic; Heart Failure; Humans; Losartan; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Sample Size; Selection Bias; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2001 |
Are angiotensin II receptor blockers indicated in chronic heart failure?
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Captopril; Chronic Disease; Heart Failure; Humans; Losartan; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2002 |
Angiotensin type 2 receptor-mediated hypotension in angiotensin type-1 receptor-blocked rats.
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Blood Pressure Determination; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Hypotension; Losartan; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Oligopeptides; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; Receptors, Angiotensin; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan; Vasodilation | 2001 |
Application of capillary zone electrophoresis to the screening of some angiotensin II receptor antagonists.
Topics: Acrylates; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Chemical Fractionation; Electrophoresis, Capillary; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Losartan; Mathematical Computing; Molecular Structure; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Thiophenes; Valine; Valsartan | 2002 |
Losartan inhibits in vitro platelet activation: comparison with candesartan and valsartan.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adult; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Platelets; Cells, Cultured; Drug Interactions; Humans; Losartan; Male; Platelet Activation; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Tetrazoles; Thromboxane A2; Valine; Valsartan | 2000 |
Differences in AT2 -receptor stimulation between AT1 -receptor blockers valsartan and losartan quantified by renal interstitial fluid cGMP.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cyclic GMP; Extracellular Space; Female; Imidazoles; Injections, Intravenous; Kidney; Losartan; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; Receptors, Angiotensin; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2002 |
Angiotensin II AT1 receptor antagonists inhibit platelet adhesion and aggregation by nitric oxide release.
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Blood Platelets; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelium, Vascular; Enzyme Inhibitors; Imidazoles; Kinetics; Losartan; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Platelet Adhesiveness; Platelet Aggregation; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2002 |
Irbesartan substitution for valsartan or losartan in treating hypertension.
Topics: Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Tetrazoles; Therapeutic Equivalency; Valine; Valsartan | 2002 |
Comparison of the antagonistic effects of different angiotensin II receptor blockers in human coronary arteries.
Topics: Adult; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Base Sequence; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Coronary Vessels; Culture Techniques; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Imidazoles; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Molecular Sequence Data; Probability; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan; Vasoconstriction | 2002 |
[Lowering blood pressure with sartans. Are there differences?].
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Cross-Over Studies; Humans; Hypertension; Losartan; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2002 |
Are angiotensin II receptor antagonists indicated in chronic heart failure?
Topics: Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Heart Failure; Humans; Losartan; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2002 |
Functional antagonism of different angiotensin II type I receptor blockers in human arteries.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Imidazoles; In Vitro Techniques; Losartan; Mammary Arteries; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan; Vasoconstrictor Agents | 2002 |
Cardiology patient page. Angiotensin receptor blockers.
Topics: Acrylates; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Diuretics; Dizziness; Drug Combinations; Drug Interactions; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Kidney Diseases; Losartan; Olmesartan Medoxomil; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Thiophenes; Valine; Valsartan | 2003 |
Functional comparison of the antagonistic properties of some Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers on the contraction elicited by Angiotensin II and thromboxane A2 on human saphenous veins.
Topics: 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Biphenyl Compounds; Drug Antagonism; Humans; Imidazoles; In Vitro Techniques; Irbesartan; Losartan; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Receptors, Thromboxane A2, Prostaglandin H2; Saphenous Vein; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2003 |
[Fast-acting sartan. High blood pressure therapy without long waiting time].
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Losartan; Olmesartan Medoxomil; Rats; Tetrazoles; Time Factors; Valine; Valsartan | 2003 |
[Dosage equivalents of AT1-receptor antagonists available in Germany].
Topics: Acrylates; Angiotensin I; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Clinical Trials as Topic; Germany; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Losartan; Olmesartan Medoxomil; Placebos; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Therapeutic Equivalency; Thiophenes; Time Factors; Valine; Valsartan | 2003 |
[ACE inhibitors and/or sartans in heart failure: is there a difference?].
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Heart Failure; Humans; Losartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2003 |
Nitric oxide-dependent antiplatelet action of AT1-receptor antagonists in a pulmonary thromboembolism in mice.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Imidazoles; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Losartan; Mice; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Pulmonary Embolism; Rats; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2003 |
[New options against undertreatment].
Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents; Captopril; Clinical Trials as Topic; Heart Failure; Hospitalization; Humans; Losartan; Myocardial Infarction; Risk Factors; Stroke Volume; Tetrazoles; Time Factors; Valine; Valsartan | 2003 |
Identification of telmisartan as a unique angiotensin II receptor antagonist with selective PPARgamma-modulating activity.
Topics: Adipocytes; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Glucose; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Chlorocebus aethiops; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Gene Expression Regulation; Imidazoles; Insulin; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Mice; Models, Molecular; Myoblasts; Protein Conformation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; Rosiglitazone; Structure-Activity Relationship; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Thiazoles; Thiazolidinediones; Thiazolidines; Transcription Factors; Triglycerides; Valine; Valsartan; Weight Gain | 2004 |
Hereditary angioedema type III, angioedema associated with angiotensin II receptor antagonists, and female sex.
Topics: Aged; Angioedema; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Female; Humans; Losartan; Sex Factors; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2004 |
[AT-1 blockers are different in their effects. The forgetful patients begin to notice it especially].
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Diuretics; Double-Blind Method; Drug Combinations; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Hypertension; Losartan; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Placebos; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; Stroke; Tetrazoles; Time Factors; Valine; Valsartan | 2003 |
Valsartan treatment of hypertension--does VALUE add value?
Topics: Aged; Amlodipine; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Calcium Channel Blockers; Endpoint Determination; Humans; Hypertension; Losartan; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk Factors; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2004 |
Renal nitric oxide production is decreased in diabetic rats and improved by AT1 receptor blockade.
Topics: Albuminuria; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetic Nephropathies; Extracellular Fluid; Kidney; Losartan; Nitric Oxide; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2004 |
[Angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker reduced proteinuria in patients of focal glomerular sclerosis].
Topics: Adult; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Diet, Protein-Restricted; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Losartan; Male; Methylprednisolone; Middle Aged; Prednisolone; Proteinuria; Remission Induction; Ribonucleosides; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2004 |
[Despite drug treatment, ever second hypertensive patient with morning blood pressure too high].
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Blood Pressure; Circadian Rhythm; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; Hypertension; Losartan; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2004 |
Transforming growth factor beta receptor endoglin is expressed in cardiac fibroblasts and modulates profibrogenic actions of angiotensin II.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Cells, Cultured; Collagen Type I; Endoglin; Fibroblasts; Flavonoids; Gene Expression Regulation; Imidazoles; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Losartan; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1; Myocardium; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2004 |
Efficacy and duration of action of the four selective angiotensin II subtype 1 receptor blockers, losartan, candesartan, valsartan and telmisartan, in patients with essential hypertension determined by home blood pressure measurements.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2005 |
Distinct roles for ANG II and ANG-(1-7) in the regulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in rat astrocytes.
Topics: Angiotensin I; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Astrocytes; Carboxypeptidases; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Imidazoles; Losartan; Medulla Oblongata; Peptide Fragments; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; Pregnancy; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan; Vasoconstrictor Agents | 2006 |
Angiotensin II receptor antagonists and heart failure: angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors remain the first-line option.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Benzimidazoles; Captopril; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypokalemia; Hypotension; Losartan; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Myocardial Infarction; Renal Insufficiency; Tetrazoles; Valine | 2005 |
Evaluation of intrarenal hemodynamics by Doppler ultrasonography for renoprotective effect of angiotensin receptor blockade.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hypertension; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Tetrazoles; Ultrasonography, Doppler; Valine; Valsartan | 2005 |
[Angiotensin II AT1 receptor antagonists as antiinflammatory and gastric protection drugs].
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Carrageenan; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Female; Gastric Mucosa; Indomethacin; Losartan; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stomach Ulcer; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2006 |
Concentration-dependent mode of interaction of angiotensin II receptor blockers with uric acid transporter.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Imidazoles; Losartan; Organic Anion Transporters; Organic Cation Transport Proteins; Pyrazinamide; Tetrazoles; Uric Acid; Valine; Valsartan; Xenopus laevis | 2007 |
Inhibitory effects of angiotensin II receptor antagonists and leukotriene receptor antagonists on the transport of human organic anion transporter 4.
Topics: Acetates; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Benzimidazoles; Biological Transport; Biphenyl Compounds; Blotting, Western; Cell Line; Chromones; Cyclopropanes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Estrone; Humans; Imidazoles; Indoles; Leukotriene Antagonists; Losartan; Molecular Structure; Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Independent; Phenylcarbamates; Quinolines; Structure-Activity Relationship; Sulfides; Sulfonamides; Tetrazoles; Tosyl Compounds; Transfection; Tritium; Valine; Valsartan | 2006 |
Angiotensin II receptor blockers for the treatment of heart failure: a class effect?
Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; British Columbia; Drug Prescriptions; Female; Heart Failure; Hospital Information Systems; Humans; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Ontario; Proportional Hazards Models; Quebec; Retrospective Studies; Survival Analysis; Survival Rate; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2007 |
Angiotensin AT1 receptor blockers suppress ischemia/reperfusion-induced gastric injury in rats.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Capillary Permeability; Gastric Mucosa; Hydrogen Peroxide; Losartan; Male; Microcirculation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2007 |
Differential bonding interactions of inverse agonists of angiotensin II type 1 receptor in stabilizing the inactive state.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Binding Sites; Chlorocebus aethiops; Computer Simulation; COS Cells; Imidazoles; Losartan; Lysine; Molecular Structure; Mutation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rats; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Serine; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2008 |
Switch strategies in the management of hypertension: a cost minimisation analysis of angiotensin receptor blocker based regimen.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Drug Costs; Humans; Hypertension; Irbesartan; Losartan; Markov Chains; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2008 |
Pathological regression by angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockade in patients with mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis.
Topics: Adult; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biopsy; Creatinine; Female; Fibrosis; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative; Humans; Immunoglobulin A; Kidney Glomerulus; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Retrospective Studies; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan; Vasodilation | 2008 |
Application in the STRATHE trial of a score system to compare the efficacy and the tolerability of different therapeutic strategies in the management of hypertension.
Topics: Amlodipine; Antihypertensive Agents; Atenolol; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; France; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Hypertension; Indapamide; Losartan; Perindopril; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2008 |
Identifying patterns of adverse event reporting for four members of the angiotensin II receptor blockers class of drugs: revisiting the Weber effect.
Topics: Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Drug Approval; Humans; Irbesartan; Losartan; Tetrazoles; Time Factors; United States; Valine; Valsartan | 2008 |
Telmisartan and carotid intima-media thickness regression: a class effect of angiotensin-receptor blockers?
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Carotid Arteries; Humans; Irbesartan; Losartan; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Tunica Intima; Tunica Media; Valine; Valsartan | 2008 |
Determination of losartan, telmisartan, and valsartan by direct injection of human urine into a column-switching liquid chromatographic system with fluorescence detection.
Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Humans; Losartan; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2009 |
Binding sites of valsartan, candesartan and losartan with angiotensin II receptor 1 subtype by molecular modeling.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Benzimidazoles; Binding Sites; Biphenyl Compounds; Cell Line; Humans; Losartan; Models, Molecular; Protein Conformation; Radioligand Assay; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2009 |
AT(1) receptor blockers increase insulin-like growth factor-I production by stimulating sensory neurons in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Blood Pressure; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Capsaicin; Cells, Cultured; Ganglia, Spinal; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Kidney; Losartan; Male; Myocardium; Nifedipine; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; RNA, Messenger; Sensory Receptor Cells; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan; Vasodilator Agents | 2009 |
Angiotensin II type 1 receptor-mediated upregulation of calcineurin activity underlies impairment of cardioprotective signaling in diabetic hearts.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Calcineurin; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Erythropoietin; Immunosuppressive Agents; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial; Janus Kinase 2; Losartan; Male; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Myocardium; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Phosphorylation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats; Rats, Inbred OLETF; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Signal Transduction; Species Specificity; Tacrolimus; Tetrazoles; Up-Regulation; Valine; Valsartan | 2010 |
HEAAL: the final chapter in the story of angiotensin receptor blockers in heart failure--lessons learnt from a decade of trials.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Evidence-Based Medicine; Heart Failure; Humans; Losartan; Tetrazoles; Time Factors; Valine; Valsartan | 2010 |
Internalization of constitutively active N111G MUTANT of AT1 receptor induced by angiotensin II-receptor antagonists candesartan, losartan, and telmisartan: comparison with valsartan.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Chlorocebus aethiops; COS Cells; Losartan; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2010 |
Aliskiren enhances protective effects of valsartan against type 2 diabetic nephropathy in mice.
Topics: Albuminuria; Amides; Animals; Collagen Type IV; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Drug Synergism; Fumarates; Kidney Glomerulus; Losartan; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Tetrazoles; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Valine; Valsartan | 2010 |
Economic evaluation of irbesartan in combination with hydrochlorothiazide in the treatment of hypertension in Greece.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Drug Combinations; Female; Greece; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Hypertension; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Markov Chains; Middle Aged; Models, Economic; Quality of Life; Sex Factors; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2011 |
A single-nucleotide polymorphism of alanine to threonine at position 163 of the human angiotensin II type 1 receptor impairs Losartan affinity.
Topics: Alanine; Angiotensin II; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Chlorocebus aethiops; COS Cells; Humans; Imidazoles; Inositol Phosphates; Irbesartan; Losartan; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Threonine; Valine; Valsartan | 2010 |
Comparison of angiotensin II type 1-receptor blockers to regress pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Cardiomegaly; Echocardiography; Gene Expression; Hemodynamics; Imidazoles; Losartan; Male; Mice; Myocardium; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2010 |
Comparative effectiveness of individual angiotensin receptor blockers on risk of mortality in patients with chronic heart failure.
Topics: Aged; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Chronic Disease; Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; Electronic Health Records; Female; Heart Failure; Hospitalization; Humans; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Models, Structural; Proportional Hazards Models; Retrospective Studies; Risk; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; United States; Valine; Valsartan | 2012 |
Synthesis of angiotensin II receptor blockers by means of a catalytic system for C-H activation.
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Catalysis; Chelating Agents; Humans; Losartan; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Ruthenium; Tetrazoles; Tetrazolium Salts; Valine; Valsartan | 2011 |
Comparison of the efficacy and safety of single-pill fixed-dose combinations of losartan/hydrochlorothiazide and valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide in patients with hypertension (SALT-VAT study).
Topics: Aged; Blood Pressure; Drug Combinations; Drug Substitution; Female; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Hypertension; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2011 |
Blood pressure outcomes in patients receiving angiotensin II receptor blockers in primary care: a comparative effectiveness analysis from electronic medical record data.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Biphenyl Compounds; Black or African American; Blood Pressure; Diabetes Mellitus; Electronic Health Records; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Primary Health Care; Retrospective Studies; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan; White People; Young Adult | 2011 |
Cost-effectiveness analysis of valsartan versus losartan and the effect of switching.
Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Drug Substitution; Fees, Pharmaceutical; Humans; Hypertension; Insurance, Health, Reimbursement; Losartan; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Quality-Adjusted Life Years; Tetrazoles; United States; Valine; Valsartan | 2012 |
Revelation on the potency of α(1) -blockers - parallel blockade of angiotensin II receptor: a new finding.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Aorta, Thoracic; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Doxazosin; Imidazoles; In Vitro Techniques; Losartan; Male; Molecular Structure; Prazosin; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan; Vasodilation; Vasodilator Agents | 2012 |
Effects of angiotensin receptor blockers on endothelial nitric oxide release: the role of eNOS variants.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Cells, Cultured; Female; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; Humans; Imidazoles; Losartan; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Umbilical Veins; Valine; Valsartan; Vasodilation | 2012 |
Subtle issues in model specification and estimation of marginal structural models.
Topics: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2012 |
A patient with bilateral facial palsy associated with hypertension and chickenpox: learning points.
Topics: Acyclovir; Antihypertensive Agents; Antiviral Agents; Chickenpox; Child; Cooperative Behavior; Diagnosis, Differential; Facial Paralysis; Follow-Up Studies; Headache; Humans; Hypertension, Renal; Interdisciplinary Communication; Losartan; Male; Neurologic Examination; Valacyclovir; Valine | 2010 |
Comparative study of three angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists in preventing liver fibrosis in diabetic rats: stereology, histopathology, and electron microscopy.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Imidazoles; Liver Cirrhosis; Losartan; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Rats; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2012 |
Pharmacokinetics of angiotensin II receptor blockers in the dog following a single oral administration.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Area Under Curve; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Chromatography, Liquid; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Half-Life; Losartan; Male; Models, Biological; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Tissue Distribution; Valine; Valsartan | 2013 |
Maintaining goal blood pressures after switching from olmesartan to other angiotensin receptor blockers.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Drug Substitution; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2013 |
Comparative effect of angiotensin II type I receptor blockers on serum uric acid in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective observational study.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Logistic Models; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Olmesartan Medoxomil; Retrospective Studies; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Uric Acid; Valine; Valsartan | 2013 |
Examining the association of olmesartan and other angiotensin receptor blockers with overall and cause-specific mortality.
Topics: Aged; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cohort Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Irbesartan; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged; Proportional Hazards Models; Registries; Retrospective Studies; Survival Rate; Taiwan; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2014 |
Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockade suppresses light-induced neural damage in the mouse retina.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fas Ligand Protein; Gene Expression Regulation; Light; Losartan; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Renin-Angiotensin System; Retinal Degeneration; Retinal Photoreceptor Cell Outer Segment; Signal Transduction; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2014 |
Differential effects of angiotensin II receptor blockers on Aβ generation.
Topics: Amyloid beta-Peptides; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Cells, Cultured; Fibroblasts; Imidazoles; Losartan; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Peptide Fragments; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Signal Transduction; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2014 |
Dosage of angiotensin-II receptor blockers in heart failure patients following changes in Danish drug reimbursement policies.
Topics: Aged; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Denmark; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Insurance, Health, Reimbursement; Losartan; Male; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan | 2014 |
Elevated pressure causes endothelial dysfunction in mouse carotid arteries by increasing local angiotensin signaling.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Blood Pressure; Captopril; Carotid Arteries; Endothelium, Vascular; Hydrazines; Hypertension; Indoles; Losartan; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; Reactive Oxygen Species; Signal Transduction; Tetrazoles; Valine; Valsartan; Vasodilation | 2015 |