inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium levels
Definition
Target type: molecularfunction
Any inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration. [GOC:dos]
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are calcium-release channels located on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. They play a crucial role in regulating intracellular calcium levels, particularly in postsynaptic neurons. When a neurotransmitter binds to its receptor on the postsynaptic membrane, a cascade of events leads to the production of IP3. IP3 diffuses to the ER membrane and binds to IP3Rs, causing them to open and release calcium from the ER lumen into the cytosol. The increased calcium concentration in the cytosol triggers various downstream signaling pathways, including the activation of protein kinases and the regulation of gene expression. This calcium influx is essential for synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory formation. The precise mechanism of IP3R-mediated calcium release involves a complex interplay between IP3 binding, calcium binding, and channel gating. The channel opening is regulated by both IP3 and calcium, exhibiting a cooperative binding mechanism. This ensures that calcium release is tightly controlled and only occurs in response to appropriate stimuli. Furthermore, IP3Rs interact with other proteins, including calmodulin and protein kinase C, which further modulate their activity. The precise regulation of IP3R activity is crucial for maintaining neuronal function and preventing excessive calcium signaling, which can lead to neuronal damage.'
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Proteins (1)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 | An inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q14643] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (1)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate | Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate: Intracellular messenger formed by the action of phospholipase C on phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, which is one of the phospholipids that make up the cell membrane. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate is released into the cytoplasm where it releases calcium ions from internal stores within the cell's endoplasmic reticulum. These calcium ions stimulate the activity of B kinase or calmodulin. | myo-inositol trisphosphate | mouse metabolite |