cell-cell adhesion mediator activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

The binding by a cell-adhesion protein on the cell surface to an extracellular matrix component, to mediate adhesion of the cell to another cell. [Wikipedia:Cell_adhesion]

Cell-cell adhesion mediator activity refers to the ability of a molecule to facilitate the attachment and interaction between cells. These molecules play a crucial role in the organization and function of multicellular organisms, contributing to processes like tissue formation, morphogenesis, and communication between cells.

Here's a breakdown of the molecular function:

1. **Recognition and Binding:** Cell-cell adhesion mediators often possess specific binding domains that recognize and interact with complementary molecules on the surface of other cells. This recognition event is crucial for initiating and establishing cell-cell contact.

2. **Adhesion and Aggregation:** Upon binding, these mediators facilitate the formation of stable adhesions between cells. They often assemble into larger complexes, forming bridges that hold cells together. This adhesive function contributes to the structural integrity of tissues and organs.

3. **Signal Transduction:** Cell-cell adhesion mediators can also act as signaling molecules, initiating downstream signaling pathways within the cell. These pathways may regulate a variety of cellular processes, including gene expression, cytoskeletal reorganization, and cell differentiation.

4. **Modulation of Cell Behavior:** By regulating adhesion and signaling, cell-cell adhesion mediators influence various aspects of cell behavior, including cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. These molecules can act as regulators of tissue development and function.

Examples of molecules that exhibit cell-cell adhesion mediator activity include:

* **Cadherins:** A family of transmembrane proteins that mediate calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion.
* **Integrins:** Heterodimeric transmembrane proteins that bind to extracellular matrix components and cell surface receptors.
* **Selectins:** A family of lectin proteins that mediate cell-cell adhesion through carbohydrate recognition.
* **Immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) proteins:** A diverse family of proteins that play various roles in cell-cell adhesion, including immune responses and nervous system development.

Overall, cell-cell adhesion mediator activity is essential for the formation, maintenance, and function of tissues and organs. These molecules play a fundamental role in regulating cell-cell interactions and contribute to a wide range of biological processes.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (1)