protein binding involved in heterotypic cell-cell adhesion

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to a protein or protein complex contributing to the adhesion of two different types of cells. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11]

Protein binding involved in heterotypic cell-cell adhesion refers to the molecular interactions between proteins on the surfaces of different cell types, contributing to their adhesion and communication. This process is crucial for tissue development, organization, and function. The molecular mechanisms involved are highly complex and involve a variety of protein domains, including:

- **Adhesion molecules:** These proteins directly interact with proteins on other cells, forming stable bonds that hold the cells together. Examples include cadherins, integrins, and selectins.
- **Signaling molecules:** These proteins initiate signaling cascades that regulate cellular processes, such as cell growth, differentiation, and migration. These pathways often involve adapter proteins that facilitate the interactions between adhesion molecules and signaling proteins.
- **Extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins:** These proteins form a complex network surrounding cells, providing structural support and influencing cell behavior. Interactions between ECM proteins and cell surface receptors, like integrins, contribute to cell adhesion and communication.

The specificity of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion is achieved through the unique combination of adhesion molecules expressed by different cell types. For example, different cadherin isoforms mediate adhesion between specific cell types during development and tissue organization.

Furthermore, the strength and duration of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion can be modulated by factors such as:

- **Calcium concentration:** Some adhesion molecules, like cadherins, require calcium ions for proper function.
- **Post-translational modifications:** Modifications like phosphorylation or glycosylation can alter the affinity of adhesion molecules for their binding partners.
- **Cytoskeletal dynamics:** The interaction between adhesion molecules and the cytoskeleton influences the stability and strength of cell-cell junctions.

In summary, protein binding involved in heterotypic cell-cell adhesion is a highly regulated process that involves a diverse array of molecular interactions. These interactions are essential for the development, organization, and function of tissues and organs. Understanding these molecular mechanisms is critical for understanding development, disease processes, and potential therapeutic interventions.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (1)