ADP-D-ribose binding

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to ADP-D-ribose, an ADP-aldose having ribose as the aldose fragment. [GOC:mah, GOC:sart, PMID:20088964]

ADP-D-ribose binding is a molecular function that describes the interaction of a protein with ADP-ribose. ADP-ribose is a nucleotide that plays a vital role in cellular signaling and metabolism. It is a derivative of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and is formed by the enzyme ADP-ribosyltransferases. These enzymes add ADP-ribose to target proteins, a process called ADP-ribosylation, which can alter protein function and activity.

ADP-ribose binding proteins can recognize and bind to ADP-ribose that is attached to other proteins or is free in solution. This binding can have various effects:

* **Regulation of protein activity:** The binding of ADP-ribose can activate or inhibit the activity of target proteins. For example, ADP-ribosylation of G proteins can activate their signaling activity.
* **Modulation of protein interactions:** ADP-ribose binding can affect protein-protein interactions. This can lead to the formation of new protein complexes or the disruption of existing ones.
* **Signal transduction:** ADP-ribose binding can act as a signal, triggering downstream signaling events. For instance, ADP-ribose binding to specific proteins can activate signal transduction pathways involved in immune responses or cellular stress responses.

The structure of ADP-ribose binding domains varies significantly among different proteins. Some proteins have specific binding pockets that recognize and interact with ADP-ribose. Other proteins use a more general mechanism to bind ADP-ribose, often through electrostatic interactions.

ADP-ribose binding is a complex and dynamic process that plays a crucial role in various cellular functions. Dysregulation of ADP-ribose binding can lead to various disease states, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (1)