interleukin-27 receptor activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Combining with interleukin-27 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. [GOC:jl, GOC:signaling]

Interleukin-27 receptor (IL-27R) activity is a critical component of the immune response, mediating the signaling pathway of the cytokine interleukin-27 (IL-27). IL-27 is a heterodimeric cytokine composed of EBI3 and p28 subunits. It binds to a receptor complex consisting of the IL-27 receptor α (WSX-1) and the shared subunit gp130.

Upon IL-27 binding, the receptor complex undergoes conformational changes, triggering a cascade of intracellular signaling events. This activation leads to the phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT3 transcription factors, which then translocate to the nucleus and regulate the expression of target genes involved in immune regulation.

Specifically, IL-27 receptor activity plays a key role in:

* **Th1 differentiation and activation:** IL-27 promotes the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into Th1 cells, which produce interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and contribute to cell-mediated immunity.
* **Suppression of Th17 cell differentiation:** IL-27 inhibits the differentiation of Th17 cells, which are associated with autoimmune inflammation.
* **Regulation of inflammation:** IL-27 has anti-inflammatory properties and can suppress the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6.
* **Induction of T cell apoptosis:** IL-27 can induce apoptosis of activated T cells, contributing to the resolution of immune responses.

The molecular function of IL-27 receptor activity is tightly regulated and its dysregulation has been implicated in various immune-related diseases, including autoimmune disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying IL-27 receptor activity is crucial for developing targeted therapies for these conditions.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (2)