voltage-gated monoatomic anion channel activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Enables the transmembrane transfer of an anion by a voltage-gated channel. An anion is a negatively charged ion. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded. [GOC:mtg_transport, GOC:vw, ISBN:0815340729]

Voltage-gated monoatomic anion channel activity describes the function of transmembrane proteins that selectively allow the passage of single-atom anions across cell membranes in response to changes in membrane potential. These channels are typically closed at resting membrane potential but open upon depolarization, allowing the influx or efflux of anions, which can alter the electrical potential across the membrane and trigger various cellular processes. The molecular mechanisms underlying this activity involve conformational changes within the channel protein, often triggered by the movement of charged residues within the transmembrane domains. These changes alter the pore size and charge distribution, allowing anions to pass through. The selectivity of the channel is determined by the specific amino acid residues lining the pore, which interact with and bind to anions based on their size and charge. The opening and closing of voltage-gated monoatomic anion channels are critical for a wide range of physiological processes, including nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, and regulation of cellular volume and pH. For instance, in neurons, chloride channels mediate inhibitory neurotransmission by allowing the influx of chloride ions, which hyperpolarizes the cell membrane, making it less likely to fire an action potential. In muscle cells, chloride channels are involved in regulating the electrical excitability of the muscle fibers, contributing to the fine-tuning of muscle contraction. Additionally, these channels play a role in maintaining cellular volume by balancing the movement of water and ions across the cell membrane.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (1)