interleukin-1, type I receptor binding
Definition
Target type: molecularfunction
Binding to a Type I interleukin-1 receptor. [GOC:ai]
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) type I receptor binding is a crucial step in the initiation of the inflammatory response. IL-1, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, binds to its receptor, IL-1 receptor type 1 (IL-1R1), on the surface of target cells. This interaction triggers a signaling cascade that culminates in the activation of transcription factors like NF-κB, ultimately leading to the expression of numerous pro-inflammatory genes. The binding process involves the following key steps:
1. **IL-1 binds to the extracellular domain of IL-1R1:** IL-1 binds to the ligand-binding domain of IL-1R1, a transmembrane protein with a characteristic immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain structure. This initial interaction initiates the signaling process.
2. **Recruitment of IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAcP):** Upon IL-1 binding, IL-1R1 recruits another transmembrane protein, IL-1RAcP, to form a heterotrimeric complex. This complex is essential for downstream signaling.
3. **Activation of intracellular signaling pathways:** The formation of the IL-1R1/IL-1RAcP/IL-1 complex initiates a cascade of signaling events. The cytoplasmic domains of IL-1R1 and IL-1RAcP recruit adaptor proteins like MyD88, which in turn activate downstream kinases like IRAK4 and IRAK1.
4. **Activation of transcription factors:** The activated kinases initiate a signaling cascade that ultimately leads to the activation of transcription factors like NF-κB and AP-1. These transcription factors translocate to the nucleus and regulate the expression of various pro-inflammatory genes.
5. **Production of pro-inflammatory mediators:** The activation of these transcription factors results in the production of numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and other signaling molecules, including TNF-α, IL-6, and COX-2. These mediators contribute to the development of inflammation.
Overall, IL-1 type I receptor binding is a critical step in the initiation of the inflammatory response. It triggers a signaling cascade that results in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, ultimately contributing to the development of inflammation and immune responses.'
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Proteins (1)
Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
---|---|---|
Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein | An interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:CNA, UniProtKB:P18510] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (2)
Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
---|---|---|---|
ubenimex | ubenimex: growth inhibitor | ||
angiotensin ii, des-asp(1)-des-arg(2)-ile(5)- | angiotensin II, des-Asp(1)-des-Arg(2)-Ile(5)-: 3-8 hexapeptide fragment of angiotensin II; smallest potent angiotensin II antagonist | organic molecular entity |