thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Combining with thyroid-stimulating hormone to initiate a change in cell activity. [GOC:mah]

Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) activity is a molecular function associated with the transmembrane receptor that binds thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), also known as thyrotropin. TSH, a glycoprotein hormone produced by the pituitary gland, plays a crucial role in regulating thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion. The binding of TSH to its receptor, TSHR, initiates a signaling cascade that ultimately leads to the production and release of thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). TSHR activation involves a complex series of molecular events. Upon TSH binding, the receptor undergoes conformational changes, leading to the activation of intracellular signaling pathways, primarily the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) pathway. This activation involves the recruitment and activation of G proteins, specifically Gs proteins, which in turn stimulate adenylyl cyclase, an enzyme responsible for the conversion of ATP to cAMP. cAMP acts as a second messenger, activating protein kinase A (PKA). PKA then phosphorylates various target proteins involved in thyroid hormone synthesis, including the thyroid peroxidase enzyme, which is essential for the iodination of thyroglobulin, a precursor protein for thyroid hormones. TSHR activation also triggers other intracellular signaling pathways, such as the phospholipase C (PLC) pathway, which leads to the release of calcium ions and the activation of protein kinase C (PKC). These pathways contribute to the overall regulation of thyroid hormone production and secretion. In summary, TSHR activity involves the recognition and binding of TSH, triggering a cascade of intracellular events that ultimately lead to the production and release of thyroid hormones, T4 and T3. These hormones are crucial for regulating metabolism, growth, and development. '
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (2)