enoyl-CoA hydratase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-hydroxy-fatty acyl-CoA = a enoyl-CoA + H2O. This reaction usually occurs in the reverse direction, leading to the reduction of the double bound of enoyl-CoA in position 2 or 3. Specific reactions catalyzed include: a 4-saturated-(3S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA = a (3E)-enoyl-CoA + H2O and a (3S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA = a (2E)-enoyl-CoA + H2O. [EC:4.2.1.17]

Enoyl-CoA hydratase activity is a key step in the β-oxidation pathway, a metabolic process that breaks down fatty acids into energy. This enzyme catalyzes the hydration of a double bond between the α and β carbons of an acyl-CoA molecule, specifically an enoyl-CoA. The reaction adds a hydroxyl group to the β carbon, converting the trans-Δ2-enoyl-CoA substrate into a β-hydroxyacyl-CoA product. This hydration reaction proceeds in a stereospecific manner, adding the hydroxyl group to the same side of the molecule as the CoA moiety. The mechanism involves the formation of a covalent intermediate between the enzyme and the substrate, followed by nucleophilic attack by water on the activated double bond. This step is crucial for the subsequent oxidation and cleavage of the β-carbon, ultimately leading to the production of acetyl-CoA, which is a major source of energy for the cell.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (1)