ANPR-A receptor complex

Definition

Target type: cellularcomponent

A receptor complex composed of two ANPR-A molecules and expressed in the heart atrium in mammals; it plays a major role in the regulation of blood pressure and salt-fluid volume homeostasis. Binding of the ligand AMP in response to atrial distension (high blood volume) leads to guanylate cyclase activity of the ANPR-A receptor complex, thereby elevating intracellular cGMP levels. The end result is a reduction in blood volume and, therefore, a reduction in cardiac output and systemic blood pressure. [GOC:ame, PMID:15117952]

The ANPR-A receptor complex, a crucial player in regulating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, is a multi-protein assembly embedded within the mitochondrial inner membrane. This complex is characterized by its association with the mitochondrial respiratory chain, specifically Complex I, and its central role in mediating the interaction between the enzyme NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 (NDU1) and the protein ANPR.

The cellular component of the ANPR-A receptor complex is intricately woven into the structure and function of the mitochondria, the cellular powerhouses responsible for ATP production. It is composed of multiple proteins, including:

1. **ANPR (Apoptosis-associated Nuclear Protein, also known as p53-induced gene 4, PIG4):** This protein acts as a crucial anchor for the complex, mediating its interaction with NDU1. ANPR possesses a transmembrane domain, allowing it to be embedded within the mitochondrial inner membrane, and a cytoplasmic domain, which plays a crucial role in mediating downstream signaling pathways.

2. **NDU1 (NADH Dehydrogenase (Ubiquinone) 1):** This protein, also known as Complex I, is a large multi-subunit enzyme that plays a vital role in the electron transport chain (ETC). It is responsible for transferring electrons from NADH to ubiquinone, a process that is crucial for ATP production. NDU1 is anchored to the mitochondrial inner membrane and is directly associated with the ANPR-A receptor complex.

3. **Other associated proteins:** While the exact composition of the ANPR-A receptor complex is still under investigation, it is believed to include additional proteins, such as those involved in mitochondrial protein import and assembly, as well as those involved in the regulation of ROS production.

The ANPR-A receptor complex, through its interactions with NDU1 and the mitochondrial ETC, plays a critical role in regulating ROS production. By controlling the activity of Complex I, the complex influences the electron flow through the ETC, ultimately affecting the generation of superoxide radicals, a primary form of ROS. This precise regulation of ROS production is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis and preventing oxidative stress-induced damage.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (3)