transferase complex

Definition

Target type: cellularcomponent

A protein complex capable of catalyzing the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). [GOC:bhm, PMID:16540464]

Transferase complexes are molecular assemblies that catalyze the transfer of functional groups, atoms, or molecular moieties from one molecule (the donor) to another (the acceptor). These complexes are essential for a wide range of cellular processes, including DNA replication, transcription, translation, metabolism, and signal transduction. The cellular components of a transferase complex vary depending on the specific enzyme and its function. However, common components include:

* **Enzymes**: The catalytic core of the complex, responsible for the transfer reaction.
* **Substrates**: The molecules that donate and accept the transferred moiety.
* **Cofactors**: Non-protein molecules that assist in the catalytic process, such as metal ions or coenzymes.
* **Regulatory proteins**: Proteins that control the activity of the complex, often through allosteric mechanisms or by binding to specific sites.
* **Scaffolding proteins**: Proteins that provide structural support and organize the complex.
* **Chaperones**: Proteins that assist in the proper folding and assembly of the complex.

The specific arrangement and interactions between these components vary significantly, creating a wide range of transferase complexes with diverse structures and functions. For example, some transferase complexes are small and simple, while others are large and complex, composed of multiple subunits. In some cases, the transferase complex may be associated with other macromolecular structures, such as DNA or RNA.

The cellular component of the transferase complex is dynamic, constantly changing as the complex interacts with substrates, cofactors, and other proteins. This dynamic nature allows for the regulation of transferase activity and the fine-tuning of cellular processes.

The transferase complex is a highly versatile molecular machinery that plays a critical role in maintaining cellular function and homeostasis.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (2)