histone H3-K14 acetyltransferase complex

Definition

Target type: cellularcomponent

A protein complex that can catalyze the acetylation of lysine at position 14 in histone H3. [GOC:vw, PMID:21289066]

The histone H3-K14 acetyltransferase complex is a multi-protein complex responsible for acetylating histone H3 at lysine 14. This modification plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression, DNA replication, and repair. The complex is composed of several key components, including:

1. **Histone acetyltransferases (HATs):** These enzymes catalyze the transfer of an acetyl group from acetyl-CoA to the lysine residue of histone H3. The specific HATs involved in the H3-K14 acetyltransferase complex can vary depending on the cell type and developmental stage. Some commonly associated HATs include:
* **p300/CBP:** These HATs have a broad substrate specificity and are involved in various cellular processes, including transcription, cell cycle regulation, and DNA repair.
* **GCN5:** GCN5 is a highly conserved HAT that plays a crucial role in gene activation and developmental processes.

2. **Histone chaperones:** These proteins bind to histones and facilitate their deposition onto DNA. They help to maintain histone stability and prevent their aggregation. Some histone chaperones associated with the H3-K14 acetyltransferase complex include:
* **NAP1:** NAP1 is a ubiquitous histone chaperone that interacts with both H3 and H4 histones. It plays a role in nucleosome assembly and disassembly.
* **FACT:** FACT (facilitates chromatin transcription) is a histone chaperone complex that facilitates the passage of RNA polymerase through chromatin.

3. **Chromatin remodeling complexes:** These complexes use ATP hydrolysis to alter the structure of chromatin, making DNA more accessible to other proteins. Some chromatin remodeling complexes that interact with the H3-K14 acetyltransferase complex include:
* **SWI/SNF:** SWI/SNF is a large multi-protein complex that can disrupt nucleosome structure and facilitate the recruitment of transcription factors.
* **NURF:** NURF (nucleosome remodeling factor) is a chromatin remodeling complex that plays a role in gene activation.

4. **Transcription factors:** These proteins bind to DNA and regulate gene expression. The H3-K14 acetyltransferase complex interacts with specific transcription factors that are involved in the regulation of specific genes.

**Cellular Component:**

The H3-K14 acetyltransferase complex is localized within the nucleus, specifically associated with chromatin. The complex interacts with nucleosomes, the basic structural unit of chromatin, and modifies histone H3 to regulate gene expression.

The precise composition and function of the H3-K14 acetyltransferase complex can vary depending on the cellular context. However, the key components described above are essential for its activity in regulating gene expression and other cellular processes.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (2)