vertebrate eye-specific patterning

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Early postnatal vertebrate developmental process, during which axons of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), transmitting overlapping inputs from both eyes, segregate into distinct eye-specific non-overlapping regions in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the thalamus. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:16025107, PMID:22632727, PMID:29322522]

Vertebrate eye-specific patterning is a complex process that involves a cascade of signaling pathways and gene expression events. The development of the eye begins with the induction of the optic vesicle from the neural ectoderm. This induction is mediated by signals from the underlying surface ectoderm, which expresses the transcription factor Pax6. The optic vesicle then invaginates to form the optic cup, which will give rise to the retina and the optic stalk.

During optic cup formation, the cells of the optic vesicle undergo a process of regional specification, giving rise to the different cell types of the eye. The dorsal portion of the optic cup forms the retinal pigment epithelium, while the ventral portion forms the neural retina. The neural retina is further subdivided into several cell types, including photoreceptor cells, bipolar cells, ganglion cells, and Müller glial cells.

One of the key signaling pathways involved in eye development is the Wnt pathway. Wnt signaling is required for the formation of the optic vesicle and for the specification of the dorsal and ventral compartments of the eye. Other important signaling pathways include the Shh pathway, which is involved in the patterning of the optic cup, and the FGF pathway, which is required for the proliferation and differentiation of retinal cells.

The expression of specific transcription factors is also crucial for eye development. For example, Pax6 is required for the formation of the optic vesicle, and Otx2 is required for the development of the anterior portion of the eye. Other transcription factors, such as Six3, Rx1, and Lhx2, are involved in the specification of different cell types within the eye.

The eye is a complex organ with a highly organized structure. The development of this structure requires precise regulation of gene expression and signaling pathways. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying eye-specific patterning is important for understanding the development of normal vision and for developing therapies for eye diseases.'
```
"

Proteins (1)

Compounds (1)