complement-mediated synapse pruning

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Synaptic pruning mediated by complement system signaling. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:18083105, PMID:22632727, PMID:29844190]

Complement-mediated synapse pruning is a critical process in the development and refinement of neural circuits. It involves the selective elimination of synapses that are not being used or are not functionally relevant. This process is mediated by the complement system, a part of the innate immune system that normally plays a role in recognizing and eliminating pathogens. During synapse pruning, complement proteins are activated at synapses that are targeted for elimination. This activation leads to the formation of a membrane attack complex (MAC), which creates pores in the cell membrane of the presynaptic neuron. The MAC disrupts the integrity of the cell membrane, leading to the death of the presynaptic neuron and the elimination of the synapse. Complement-mediated synapse pruning is tightly regulated, and several factors can influence its activity. For example, the presence of specific molecules, such as C1q, on the synapse can trigger the activation of the complement cascade. Additionally, the activity of complement proteins can be modulated by other molecules, such as complement regulatory proteins. Complement-mediated synapse pruning plays an essential role in the development of the nervous system. It is involved in the elimination of unnecessary synapses, the refinement of neural circuits, and the establishment of functional connections between neurons. Disruptions in complement-mediated synapse pruning have been implicated in a variety of neurological disorders, including autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (1)