cellular response to oleic acid

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an oleic acid stimulus. [GOC:mah]

Oleic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid, plays a crucial role in cellular function and signaling. Its biological effects are multifaceted and involve a complex interplay of molecular pathways. Upon entering the cell, oleic acid can be incorporated into cellular membranes, affecting their fluidity and structure. This can alter the activity of membrane-bound enzymes and receptors, impacting various cellular processes.

Oleic acid also acts as a signaling molecule, triggering a cascade of events that ultimately influence gene expression and protein synthesis. The activation of specific receptors, such as the G-protein-coupled receptor GPR120, initiates downstream signaling pathways, leading to the production of intracellular messengers like diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol triphosphate (IP3). These messengers further activate protein kinases and phosphatases, ultimately influencing gene transcription and protein translation.

One key aspect of cellular response to oleic acid is its role in lipid metabolism. Oleic acid can be esterified to form triglycerides, the major storage form of fatty acids. This process is regulated by enzymes such as acyl-CoA synthetase and glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase. Oleic acid can also be incorporated into phospholipids, contributing to membrane structure and function.

Moreover, oleic acid has been shown to modulate inflammatory responses. It can suppress the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-alpha and IL-6, while promoting the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10. This anti-inflammatory effect may be mediated through the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), which are transcription factors involved in lipid metabolism and inflammation.

In conclusion, cellular response to oleic acid is a complex and multifaceted process that involves multiple signaling pathways, gene expression regulation, and metabolic changes. Oleic acid plays a vital role in lipid metabolism, membrane function, and inflammatory responses, highlighting its significance in maintaining cellular homeostasis.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (3)