white fat cell proliferation

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The multiplication or reproduction of white fat cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. [CL:0000448, GOC:mah, GOC:sl]

White fat cell proliferation is a complex biological process involving a series of coordinated events that ultimately lead to an increase in the number of white adipocytes. This process is crucial for maintaining energy homeostasis and responding to changes in nutritional status.

The process of white fat cell proliferation is initiated by various factors, including:

* **Hormonal signals:** Insulin, growth hormone, and leptin are key hormones that promote white adipocyte proliferation. Insulin, for instance, activates signaling pathways that stimulate cell growth and division.
* **Nutritional cues:** Increased nutrient availability, particularly fatty acids and glucose, triggers a cascade of events that lead to the proliferation of white adipocytes.
* **Mechanical stimuli:** Expansion of existing fat depots due to increased lipid storage can also trigger the proliferation of white adipocytes.

The proliferation process itself involves several key steps:

1. **Commitment to adipocyte lineage:** Precursor cells known as preadipocytes are committed to becoming mature white adipocytes. This commitment is regulated by transcription factors like PPARγ and C/EBPα.
2. **Cell cycle progression:** Once committed, preadipocytes enter the cell cycle and undergo DNA replication and cell division. This process is driven by the activation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and the downregulation of CDK inhibitors.
3. **Adipogenesis:** Mature white adipocytes accumulate large amounts of triglycerides (fat) within their cytoplasm. This process is characterized by the expression of specific genes involved in lipid synthesis and storage.
4. **Differentiation:** As preadipocytes proliferate and differentiate, they acquire the characteristic morphology of mature white adipocytes, which include a single large lipid droplet and a peripheral nucleus.

The proliferation of white adipocytes is tightly regulated to ensure proper energy storage and utilization. Disruptions in this process can contribute to obesity and metabolic diseases. Factors like genetic predisposition, lifestyle habits, and environmental influences can all impact the rate of white adipocyte proliferation.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (2)