positive regulation of mast cell activation by Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

An Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway that results in the change in morphology and behavior of a mast cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, soluble factor, or to (at least in mammals) an antigen which the mast cell has specifically bound via IgE bound to Fc-epsilonRI receptors. [GOC:phg, PMID:12413516]

Positive regulation of mast cell activation by Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway involves a complex series of molecular events that ultimately lead to the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells. This process is initiated when an antigen binds to IgE antibodies that are already bound to the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) on the surface of mast cells. This binding event triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling events, leading to the activation of various signaling molecules.

One of the key signaling pathways involved in mast cell activation is the tyrosine kinase pathway. Upon FcεRI cross-linking, the associated tyrosine kinases, such as Lyn and Syk, become activated and phosphorylate various downstream signaling molecules. These phosphorylated molecules, including the adaptor protein LAT, recruit other signaling molecules to the plasma membrane, forming signaling complexes.

These signaling complexes activate various downstream signaling pathways, including the phospholipase C (PLC) pathway, the Ras-MAPK pathway, and the PI3K-Akt pathway. Activation of PLC leads to the production of inositol triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). IP3 triggers the release of calcium ions from intracellular stores, while DAG activates protein kinase C (PKC).

Calcium ions and PKC activation lead to the activation of various downstream signaling molecules, including transcription factors and kinases, which ultimately result in the production and release of inflammatory mediators. These mediators include histamine, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and various cytokines, which play crucial roles in the development of allergic reactions, inflammation, and other immune responses.

The positive regulation of mast cell activation by Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway is tightly regulated by various feedback mechanisms and negative regulators. These mechanisms ensure that mast cell activation is appropriately controlled and does not lead to excessive inflammation or other detrimental effects.

In summary, positive regulation of mast cell activation by Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway is a complex process that involves multiple signaling pathways and molecular interactions. This process plays a crucial role in the development of allergic reactions and other immune responses, and its dysregulation can lead to various pathological conditions.'
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