floor plate formation
Definition
Target type: biologicalprocess
The formation of a ventral region of glial cells in the neural tube that provides inductive signals for the specification of neuronal cell types. The floor plate is evident at the ventral midline by the neural fold stage. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, PMID:11262869]
The floor plate is a specialized structure found in the ventral midline of the developing spinal cord. Its formation is a crucial step in the establishment of the central nervous system, as it contributes to the patterning of the neural tube and the generation of specific neuronal populations. The process of floor plate formation is initiated by inductive signals from the notochord, a rod-like structure located beneath the neural tube. The notochord secretes signaling molecules, most notably Sonic hedgehog (Shh), which diffuse to the ventral midline of the neural tube and induce the formation of the floor plate. Shh triggers the expression of specific genes in the ventral midline cells, including the transcription factor Foxa2. Foxa2 is a master regulator of floor plate identity, controlling the expression of genes involved in floor plate function and differentiation. As the floor plate forms, it acts as a signaling center, releasing its own Shh, which further patterns the ventral neural tube and promotes the differentiation of specific neuronal subtypes. Shh signaling from the floor plate induces the formation of motor neurons, interneurons, and other neuronal populations in the ventral spinal cord. This process involves the activation of downstream signaling pathways, such as the Gli pathway, which regulate gene expression in response to Shh. The floor plate also plays a role in axon guidance and neuronal migration. Its secreted factors and cell surface molecules influence the direction of axon growth and the migration of neurons to their appropriate positions in the developing spinal cord. In summary, the formation of the floor plate is a tightly regulated process involving inductive signaling from the notochord, the activation of specific transcription factors, and the release of signaling molecules that pattern the ventral neural tube. This process is essential for the proper development of the spinal cord and its associated neuronal populations.'
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Proteins (2)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Cyclin-dependent kinase 20 | A cyclin-dependent kinase 20 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q8IZL9] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Zinc finger protein GLI2 | A zinc finger protein GLI2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P10070] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (5)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| staurosporine aglycone | staurosporine aglycone: metabolite from culture broth of Nocardiopsis sp.; a neurotrophin antag; inhibits BDNF TrkB receptor | ||
| indirubin | |||
| cyc 202 | seliciclib : 2,6-Diaminopurine carrying benzylamino, (2R)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl and isopropyl substituents at C-6, C-2-N and N-9 respectively. It is an experimental drug candidate in the family of pharmacological cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. | 2,6-diaminopurines | antiviral drug; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor |
| zerumbone | zerumbone : A sesquiterpenoid and cyclic ketone that is (1E,4E,8E)-alpha-humulene which is substituted by an oxo group at the carbon atom attached to two double bonds. It is obtained by steam distillation from a type of edible ginger, Zingiber zerumbet Smith, grown particularly in southeast Asia. zerumbone: RN given for (E,E,E)-isomer; structure in first source | cyclic ketone; sesquiterpenoid | anti-inflammatory agent; glioma-associated oncogene inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| olomoucine ii | olomoucine II: structure in first source |