skeletal muscle satellite cell maintenance involved in skeletal muscle regeneration

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Any process by which the number of skeletal muscle satellite cells in a skeletal muscle is maintained during muscle regeneration. There are at least three mechanisms by which this is achieved. Skeletal muscle satellite stem cell asymmetric division ensures satellite stem cell numbers are kept constant. Symmetric division of these cells amplifies the number of skeletal muscle satellite stem cells. Some adult skeletal muscle myoblasts (descendants of activated satellite cells) can develop back into quiescent satellite cells, replenishing the overall pool of satellite cells. [GOC:dph, GOC:ef, GOC:mtg_muscle, GOC:tb, PMID:23303905]

Skeletal muscle regeneration relies on a specialized population of quiescent stem cells called satellite cells. Located beneath the basal lamina of muscle fibers, these cells are responsible for maintaining muscle mass and repairing damage caused by injury or disease. Satellite cell maintenance is a complex process involving a delicate balance of quiescence, activation, proliferation, and differentiation.

Quiescent satellite cells are characterized by their inactive state, marked by low levels of mRNA and protein synthesis. These cells maintain a pool of undifferentiated stem cells, ready to respond to signals of muscle injury or growth demands.

Upon muscle damage, satellite cells receive cues from various signaling pathways, including the inflammatory response and growth factors. These signals activate the satellite cells, triggering them to exit quiescence and enter the cell cycle.

Activated satellite cells proliferate rapidly, increasing their numbers to facilitate muscle repair. This proliferation is tightly regulated by a cascade of transcription factors and signaling pathways, ensuring an adequate supply of cells for regeneration.

As the regenerative process progresses, activated satellite cells differentiate into myoblasts, which are committed to forming new muscle fibers. Myoblasts fuse with existing muscle fibers or with each other to form new myotubes, the precursors to mature muscle fibers.

This process of satellite cell maintenance, involving activation, proliferation, and differentiation, is essential for muscle regeneration. It ensures that skeletal muscle can repair damage and maintain its functional integrity throughout life.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (10)