vascular associated smooth muscle contraction

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

A process, occurring in the vascular tissue, whereby actin/myosin complex activity generates force through ATP hydrolysis resulting in a change in smooth muscle geometry. This process is always coupled to chemo-mechanical energy conversion. [GOC:mtg_muscle, MA:0002718]

Vascular associated smooth muscle contraction is a complex process that involves the coordinated interaction of various proteins and signaling pathways. It is essential for maintaining blood pressure, regulating blood flow, and controlling the movement of fluids through the circulatory system. The process begins with an increase in intracellular calcium levels, which can be triggered by various stimuli, including neurotransmitters, hormones, and mechanical stretch. Elevated calcium levels bind to calmodulin, activating the enzyme myosin light chain kinase (MLCK). MLCK then phosphorylates the regulatory light chain of myosin, enabling myosin to interact with actin filaments. This interaction forms cross-bridges between the myosin and actin, leading to the sliding of these filaments past each other, which ultimately results in muscle contraction. The strength and duration of the contraction are regulated by the balance between MLCK activity and myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP) activity. MLCP dephosphorylates the regulatory light chain, promoting muscle relaxation. In addition to the calcium-dependent pathway, other signaling pathways also play a role in smooth muscle contraction, including the Rho-kinase pathway, which enhances MLCK activity, and the nitric oxide pathway, which activates MLCP and promotes relaxation. These complex interactions ensure that vascular associated smooth muscle cells can respond appropriately to various stimuli and maintain proper vascular function.'
"

Proteins (1)

Compounds (12)