SOS response

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

An error-prone process for repairing damaged microbial DNA. [GOC:jl, PMID:16000023]

The SOS response is a global DNA damage response system found in bacteria, which allows them to survive potentially lethal DNA damage. The response is triggered by the accumulation of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) that occurs when DNA replication is stalled by lesions. RecA protein, a DNA-dependent ATPase, binds to ssDNA and forms a nucleoprotein filament. This filament catalyzes the cleavage of LexA, a repressor protein that normally silences SOS genes. The LexA protein is also an autoprotease, meaning that it can cleave itself, leading to its inactivation. Cleavage of LexA removes repression of the SOS genes, allowing their transcription and translation. These genes encode proteins that are involved in DNA repair, error-prone DNA replication, and cell cycle regulation. One such gene encodes for RecA protein itself, making this a positive feedback loop that amplifies the SOS response. The SOS response is a complex and highly regulated process that involves a wide range of proteins and genes. It is essential for the survival of bacteria in the face of DNA damage, and it has also been implicated in bacterial evolution and antibiotic resistance.'
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Proteins (4)

Compounds (3)