Target type: biologicalprocess
The chemical reactions and pathways involving aspartate, the anion derived from aspartic acid, 2-aminobutanedioic acid. [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732]
Aspartate metabolism is a crucial biochemical pathway that plays a vital role in numerous cellular processes, including amino acid biosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism, and energy production. It involves a series of interconnected reactions catalyzed by specific enzymes, converting aspartate into various metabolic intermediates and end products.
The central molecule in aspartate metabolism is aspartate, a non-essential amino acid that can be synthesized from oxaloacetate, a key intermediate in the citric acid cycle. Aspartate serves as a precursor for several other amino acids, including asparagine, methionine, threonine, isoleucine, and lysine. These amino acids are essential building blocks for proteins and other cellular components.
One important branch of aspartate metabolism is the urea cycle, which is responsible for eliminating excess nitrogen from the body. Aspartate reacts with citrulline to form argininosuccinate, which is then cleaved to yield arginine and fumarate. Arginine is hydrolyzed to ornithine and urea, the primary nitrogenous waste product in mammals.
Another significant aspect of aspartate metabolism is its role in nucleotide biosynthesis. Aspartate is a precursor to purine and pyrimidine bases, the building blocks of DNA and RNA. The conversion of aspartate to dihydroorotate, an intermediate in pyrimidine biosynthesis, is a key step in this pathway.
Aspartate metabolism is also involved in energy production. The conversion of aspartate to oxaloacetate provides a link between amino acid metabolism and the citric acid cycle, allowing for the oxidation of amino acids to generate ATP.
In addition to its central metabolic roles, aspartate metabolism is also linked to various cellular signaling pathways. For instance, aspartate can act as a neurotransmitter in the brain, modulating neuronal activity.
Overall, aspartate metabolism is a complex and highly regulated process that is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and ensuring proper cellular function. Dysregulation of this pathway can lead to various metabolic disorders, including amino acid deficiencies and defects in nitrogen excretion.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Adenylosuccinate synthetase isozyme 2 | An adenylosuccinate synthetase isozyme 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P30520] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic | An aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P17174] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| hydralazine | hydralazine : The 1-hydrazino derivative of phthalazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent. Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent. | azaarene; hydrazines; ortho-fused heteroarene; phthalazines | antihypertensive agent; vasodilator agent |
| hydralazine hydrochloride | hydralazine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of hydralazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent. | hydrochloride | antihypertensive agent; vasodilator agent |
| dihydralazine | Dihydralazine: 1,4-Dihydrazinophthalazine. An antihypertensive agent with actions and uses similar to those of HYDRALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p354) | phthalazines | |
| hadacidin | hadacidin : A monocarboxylic acid that is N-hydroxyglycine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a formyl group. It was originally isolated from cultures of Penicillium frequentans. hadacidin: inhibitor of AMP synthesis; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | aldehyde; monocarboxylic acid; N-hydroxy-alpha-amino-acid | antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; Penicillium metabolite; teratogenic agent |
| adapalene | adapalene : A naphthoic acid that is CD437 in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been converted to its methyl ether. Adapalene: A naphthalene derivative that has specificity for RETINOIC ACID RECEPTORS. It is used as a DERMATOLOGIC AGENT for the treatment of ACNE. | adamantanes; monocarboxylic acid; naphthoic acid | dermatologic drug; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| ziprasidone | ziprasidone : A piperazine compound having 1,2-benzothiazol-3-yl- and 2-(6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2-oxindol-5-yl)ethyl substituents attached to the nitrogen atoms. ziprasidone: a benzisothiazoylpiperazine derivative; has combined dopamine and serotonin receptor antagonist activity; structurally related to tiospirone | 1,2-benzisothiazole; indolones; organochlorine compound; piperazines | antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; psychotropic drug; serotonergic antagonist |
| aminopyridazine | aminopyridazine: structure in first source |